Correlation between anti-dsDNA, complement components C3, C4 and Systemeic Lupus Erythematosus disease activity index

Abstract

Background: To find out the correlation between anti-ds DNA, complement components C3, C34 and disease activity in SLE. Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study was undertaken over a period of 6 months from January 2016 to June 2016 at a Tertiary Care Centre in South India.  Blood samples were collected from 100 patients with active lupus, 100 patients with inactive disease and 100 healthy controls. Serum samples from all the 300 samples were tested for anti- dsDNA by ELISA and C3, C4 by Radial Immunodiffusion. Results: High titre anti-dsDNA was detected in 48 out of the 100 patients with active disease. Mean SLE disease activity index (SLEDAI) of patients with high titre anti-dsDNA was 23.08337 ± 3.80276 (P<0.001) Mean SLEDAI of patients with very low C3 and C4 was 21.4314 ± 4.88776 (P<0.001) and  21.1250 ± 4.82882 (P<0.001).  Conclusion: Anti-dsDNA, C3, C4 levels can be adopted as markers of disease activity in SLE. Anti-dsDNA by ELISA is a simple and cost effective method. Radial immunodiffusion can be done for C3 and C4 assay where nephelometer is not available as the procedure is simple.

Keywords

• Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
• anti-ds DNA antibody
• ELISA
• C3
• C4
• radial immuno diffusion

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