Distribution, Phenotypic Characterisation and Antibiogram of bacterial Species from hospital environment in Nigeria: Public health implications.

Year 2018, Volume: 3 Issue: 2, 23 - 37, 01.06.2018

Stanley Chukwudozie Onuoha , Ude Ude Ibiam

Abstract

Background: This
study was carried out to determine the distribution of antibiotic resistant
bacterial pathogens on surface samples from Federal Teaching Hospital,
Abakaliki (FETHA), Ebonyi State, Nigeria.

Materials and Methods: A total of 100 surface samples were collected from five (5)
different wards including laboratory unit, pediatric ward, post natal ward,
GOPD ward and children emergency ward. Isolation, phenotypic characterization
and antibiogram study were carried out. Multiple Antibiotic Resistance Index (MARI) was determined
for all isolates.

Results: A
total of 156 organisms comprising of 40 (25.64%) Staphylococcus aureus, 40 (25.64%) Escherichia coli, 38 (24.36%) Vibrio
cholera, 21 (13.46%) Shigella spp.
and 17 (10.90%) Salmonella spp. were
isolated and characterized. The result of the antibiotic susceptibility of
isolates indicated that all strains were resistant to penicillin, nalidixic
acid, cefotaxime, tetracycline, cefpirome, sulphamethoxazole, oxytetracycline
and cephalothin. In contrast, the strains were susceptible to gentamicin,
imipenem, streptomycin, and azithromycin. The five isolates had an average MARI
between the range of 0.81- 0.88.

Conclusions: This
investigation has revealed that all the different areas of the hospital harbor
appreciable numbers of pathogenic bacteria.

Keywords

Antibiotic Resistance, Hospital environment, nosocomial infection

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