Prediction and Optimization of Compressive Strength of Cement Concrete with Box- Behnken Model

Year 2025, Volume: 20 Issue: 1, 56 - 69

Michael Toryila Tiza , Jonah Agunwamba Fidelis Okafor Shina Solomon

Abstract

In this study a Box-Behnken’s Model is employed to optimize the compressive strength of concrete material, by analyzing factors like Water, Cement, Sand, Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) and Coarse Aggregates. Optimization is performed with Minitab software by target strength and maximization approaches. Analysis of experimental data demonstrates that the target strength approach provides a more realistic fundability profile and reasonable funding probabilities. The statistical analyses i.e. regression analysis and ANOVA are employed to analyze the significance of factors and their interactions on compressive strength. The regression equation from the model gives information about the numerical relationship of the factors to compressive strength. Furthermore, residual analysis and normal probability plots confirm the performance of the model and data distribution. These visualizations are the surface plot, main effects plot and interaction plots that provide more detail on the effect of each factor itself and with other factors between them on compressive strength. According to the study, it is casted that optimizing concrete mix proportions using target strength approach leads to desirable compressive strength around 30 N/mm² with optimal proportions of 24.72% for A, 9.99% for B, 25.26% for C, 33.18% for D and75 % for E and actual values then can be adjusted according to certain constraints in order more realistically find proportioned properties fulfilling this experimental result. These observations will assist in improving the reliability and application of concrete mix design processes, which would help engineers and researchers to deliver optimal properties while designing various mixes.

Keywords

: Compressive strength, Box-Behnken model, Optimization, Concrete mix design, Reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP).

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