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Investigation of Teachers' Perspectives on Inclusive Education Practices in the context of Refugee Students

Year 2025, Volume: 9 Issue: 21, 354 - 366, 31.08.2025
https://doi.org/10.57135/jier.1634542

Abstract

The aim of this study is to examine the perspectives of primary school teachers on classroom inclusive education practices in the context of refugee students' education. This research employs a case study approach, one of the qualitative research designs. The study group consisted of 20 primary school teachers and was formed through purposive sampling, based on voluntary participation. During the analysis of the data, a content analysis technique was used. The study demonstrates that the interplay between planning processes, professional development needs, encountered obstacles, in‑school collaboration, and resource utilization is pivotal in fostering a holistic and inclusive learning environment for refugee students. It may be recommended to provide teachers with more qualified in-service training on inclusive education programmes.

References

  • Abu Khudair, S., Khader, Y., Al Nsour, M. & Tanaka, E. (2024). The provision of psychosocial support to students in Jordan: Teachers' knowledge, attitudes, skills, practices, and perceived barriers. Journal of School Health, 94(8), 744-753. https://doi.org/10.1111/josh.13459
  • Akef, Z., Poyrazli, S. & Quintero, I. (2024). An exploration of the lived experiences and psychological states of migrants and refugees. The Qualitative Report, 29(1), 68-88. https://doi.org/10.46743/2160-3715/2024.5555
  • Balık, F. & Ozgun, O. (2024). Inclusive education in early childhood: Teacher perceptions, practices, challenges and needs. Uluslararası Anadolu Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 8(2), 487-506.
  • Baltacı, A. (2019). The qualitative research process: How to conduct a qualitative research?. Ahi Evran Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 5(2), 368-388. https://doi.org/10.31592/aeusbed.598299
  • Becker, E. (2024). Migration and cultural integration in Germany. International Journal of Sociology, 8(2), 25-35. https://doi.org/10.47604/ijs.2590
  • Diaconu, D.C. & Grecu, A. (2023). Conflicts and natural disasters, sources of migration in the twenty-first century. In The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry. Springer, Berlin. https://doi.org/10.1007/698_2023_972
  • Eden, C. A., Chisom, O. N. & Adeniyi, I. S. (2024). Cultural competence in education: strategies for fostering inclusivity and diversity awareness. International Journal of Applied Research in Social Sciences, 6(3), 383-392. https://doi.org/10.51594/ijarss.v6i3.895
  • El Khoury, S. J. (2024). Factors that impact the sociocultural adjustment and well-being of Syrian refugees in Stuttgart, Germany. In Migration and Wellbeing (pp. 80-95). Routledge.
  • Elwakil, F. R. (2024). The effect of social support on attitudes towards inclusive education and self‐efficacy among pre‐service special education teachers in Egypt. Journal of Research in Special Educational Needs. https://doi.org/10.1111/1471-3802.12658
  • Emery, L., Spruyt, B. & Van Avermaet, P. (2024). Teaching to the track: Grouping in reception education for newly arrived migrant students. International Journal of Inclusive Education, 28(5), 594-610. https://doi.org/10.1080/13603116.2021.1942568
  • Erdem, C. (2017). Sınıfında mülteci öğrenci bulunan sınıf öğretmenlerinin yaşadıkları öğretimsel sorunlar ve çözüme dair önerileri. Medeniyet Eğitim Araştırmaları Dergisi, 1(1), 26-42.
  • Erlandson, D. A., Harris, E. L., Skipper, B. L. & Allen, S. T. (1993). Doing naturalistic inquiry: A guide to methods. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
  • Huilla, H., Lay, E., & Tzaninis, Y. (2022). Tensions between diverse schools and inclusive educational practices: Pedagogues’ perspectives in Iceland, Finland and the Netherlands. Compare: A Journal of Comparative and International Education, 54(1), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1080/03057925.2022.2065461
  • İçel, K., Ocak, G. & Baysal, E. A. (2024). Teacher opinions on problems resulting from individual and cultural differences in the adaptation class of students from different nationalities. Education & Science, Early Release, 1-22. https://doi.org/10.15390/EB.2024.12536
  • Jia, L., Tan, R. & Santi, M. (2022). Teachers’ understanding of inclusive education: Comparing perspectives in China and Italy. Asia Pacific Journal of Education, 44(2), 503–515. https://doi.org/10.1080/02188791.2022.2066628
  • Kaya Erdem, B. & Bilge, R. (2024). Can turkey’s winter be Europe’s spring? Turkey’s dilemma as a buffer state protecting Europe from irregular migration. IntechOpen. https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.1005435
  • Kaysılı, A., Soylu, A., & Sever, M. (2019). Exploring major roadblocks on inclusive education of Syrian refugees in school settings. Turkish Journal of Education, 8(2), 109-128. https://doi.org/10.19128/turje.496261
  • Kazu, H., & Deniz, E. (2019). Kapsayıcı eğitim bağlamında öğretmenlerin mülteci öğrencilere ilişkin tutumlarının çeşitli değişkenler açısından incelenmesi. OPUS International Journal of Society Researches, 14(20), 1336-1368. https://doi.org/10.26466/opus.612341
  • Khalil, M., Slade, S. & Prinsloo, P. (2024). Learning analytics in support of inclusiveness and disabled students: A systematic review. Journal of Computing in Higher Education, 36(1), 202-219. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12528-023-09363-4
  • Kiremit, R. F., Akpınar, Ü., & Tüfekci Akcan, A. (2018). Teachers’ views about Syrian students’ adaptation to school. Kastamonu Education Journal, 26(6), 2139-2149. https://doi.org/10.24106/kefdergi.428598
  • Koukou, M., Marinou, M., & Rapti, D. (2024). Inclusion of immigrant and refugee students with disability in education: A qualitative research. European Journal of Special Education Research, 10(2), 118-136. https://doi.org/10.46827/ejse.v10i2.5259
  • Kozleski, E. B., & Waitoller, F. R. (2010). Teacher learning for inclusive education: Understanding teaching as a cultural and political practice. International Journal of Inclusive Education, 14(7), 655–666. https://doi.org/10.1080/13603111003778379
  • Larios, R. J. & Zetlin, A. (2023). Challenges to preparing teachers to instruct all students in inclusive classrooms. Teaching and Teacher Education, 121, 103945. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2022.103945
  • Latorre-Cosculluela, C., Sin-Torres, E. & Anzano-Oto, S. (2024). Links between innovation and inclusive education: A qualitative analysis of teachers' and leaders' perceptions. International Journal of Innovation and Learning, 36(2), 246-262. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJIL.2024.140265
  • Letzel‐Alt, V. & Pozas, M. (2024). Inclusive education for refugee students from Ukraine—An exploration of differentiated instruction in German schools. Journal of Research in Special Educational Needs, 24, 855-865. https://doi.org/10.1111/1471-3802.12678
  • Lincoln, Y. S. & Guba, E. G. (1985). Naturalistic inquiry. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
  • Mazı, A. (2023). Kapsayıcı matematik eğitimi. Ankara: Nobelbilimsel publishing.
  • Mazı, A. (2024). Investigation of preschool teachers’ views of inclusive mathematics education. Korkut Ata Türkiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi, (15), 797-809. https://doi.org/10.51531/korkutataturkiyat.1456565
  • McAuliffe, M., & Oucho, L. A. (2024). Report overview: migration continues to be part of the solution in a rapidly changing world, but key challenges remain. World Migration Report, 2024(1), e00033. https://doi.org/10.1002/wom3.33
  • Miles, M. B. & Huberman, A. M. (1994). Qualitative data analysis: An expanded sourcebook. Sage.
  • MoNE. (2022). Inclusive Education Teacher Training Module Teacher Training Project. https://oygm.meb.gov.tr/www/kapsayici-egitim-ogretmen-egitimi-modulu-projesi/icerik/1001
  • MoNE. (2025). Expert Teacher Training Program Seminar. https://www.oba.gov.tr/egitim/detay/uzman-ogretmenlik-egitim-programi-semineri-meb-personeli-286
  • Nazaruk, S., Ruszkowska, M., Budnyk, O., Dąbrowska, I. & Sokołowska, B. (2024). Experiences of the Polish teachers of primary schools in working with war refugee students from Ukraine – selected problems, limitations and implications for pedagogical practice. Education 3-13, 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1080/03004279.2024.2336968
  • Rapp, A. C. & Corral-Granados, A. (2024). Understanding inclusive education–a theoretical contribution from system theory and the constructionist perspective. International Journal of Inclusive Education, 28(4), 423-439. https://doi.org/10.1080/13603116.2021.1946725
  • Schwab, S., Resch, K. & Alnahdi, G. (2024). Inclusion does not solely apply to students with disabilities: Pre-service teachers’ attitudes towards inclusive schooling of all students. International Journal of Inclusive Education, 28(2), 214-230. https://doi.org/10.1080/13603116.2021.1938712
  • Sharma-Brymer, V., Kakos, M., Koehler, C. & Denkelaar, M. (2024). Supporting the educational integration of young people seeking asylum and refuge: Examining good practices from Germany, Sweden and England. Intercultural Education, 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1080/14675986.2024.2349475
  • Svensson, H. (2024). Language learning, gender and education: Understanding the agency and affordances of refugee-background women with emergent literacy. Linguistics and Education, 81, 101309. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.linged.2024.101309
  • Taneri, P. O. & Ugur, N. (2024). Examining the problems of the teachers appointed within the scope of supporting the integration of Syrian children into the Turkish education system (PIKTES) project. Journal for Critical Education Policy Studies, 22(2).
  • Ulukuş, M. Y., & Tümtaş, M. S. (2023). Piktes projesinin türkiye’deki suriyelilerin entegrasyonuna etkisi: Antalya örneği. Stratejik ve Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 7(3), 481-496. https://doi.org/10.30692/sisad.1358917
  • Valek, N. (2024). EFL instruction as a tool for the inclusion of refugee children in Croatian schools: Teachers’ perspective (Doctoral dissertation). Croatia. University of Zagreb. https://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:131:128510
  • Vlasta, B., Patrícia, Z., & Štefan, P. (2021). Inclusive education in practice: Teachers’ opinions and needs. Journal of Siberian Federal University. Humanities & Social Sciences, 14(9), 1286-1298. https://doi.org/10.17516/1997-1370-0819
  • Walton, E., & Engelbrecht, P. (2024). Inclusive education in South Africa: Path dependencies and emergences. International Journal of Inclusive Education, 28(10), 2138-2156. https://doi.org/10.1080/13603116.2022.2061608
  • Yıldırım, A. & Şimşek, H. (2021). Sosyal bilimlerde nitel araştırma yöntemleri. Seçkin.
  • Zelina, M. (2020). Interviews with teachers about inclusive education. Acta Educationis Generalis, 10(2), 95-111. https://doi.org/10.2478/atd-2020-0012

Öğretmenlerin Kapsayıcı Eğitim Uygulamalarına Bakış Açılarının Mülteci Öğrenciler Bağlamında İncelenmesi

Year 2025, Volume: 9 Issue: 21, 354 - 366, 31.08.2025
https://doi.org/10.57135/jier.1634542

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı, sınıf öğretmenlerinin mülteci öğrencilerin eğitimi bağlamında sınıf içi kapsayıcı eğitim uygulamalarına ilişkin bakış açılarını incelemektir. Bu araştırmada nitel araştırma desenlerinden biri olan durum çalışması yaklaşımı kullanılmıştır. Çalışma grubu 20 ilkokul öğretmeninden oluşmaktadır ve gönüllü katılıma dayalı amaçlı örnekleme yoluyla oluşturulmuştur. Verilerin analizi sırasında içerik analizi tekniği kullanılmıştır. Bu çalışmanın sonuçları, planlama süreçleri, mesleki gelişim ihtiyaçları, karşılaşılan engeller, okul içi iş birliği ve kaynak kullanımının etkileşiminin mülteci öğrenciler için bütüncül ve kapsayıcı bir öğrenme ortamının teşvikinde kritik rol oynadığını göstermektedir. Öğretmenlere kapsayıcı eğitim programları konusunda daha nitelikli hizmet içi eğitim verilmesi önerilebilir.

References

  • Abu Khudair, S., Khader, Y., Al Nsour, M. & Tanaka, E. (2024). The provision of psychosocial support to students in Jordan: Teachers' knowledge, attitudes, skills, practices, and perceived barriers. Journal of School Health, 94(8), 744-753. https://doi.org/10.1111/josh.13459
  • Akef, Z., Poyrazli, S. & Quintero, I. (2024). An exploration of the lived experiences and psychological states of migrants and refugees. The Qualitative Report, 29(1), 68-88. https://doi.org/10.46743/2160-3715/2024.5555
  • Balık, F. & Ozgun, O. (2024). Inclusive education in early childhood: Teacher perceptions, practices, challenges and needs. Uluslararası Anadolu Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 8(2), 487-506.
  • Baltacı, A. (2019). The qualitative research process: How to conduct a qualitative research?. Ahi Evran Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 5(2), 368-388. https://doi.org/10.31592/aeusbed.598299
  • Becker, E. (2024). Migration and cultural integration in Germany. International Journal of Sociology, 8(2), 25-35. https://doi.org/10.47604/ijs.2590
  • Diaconu, D.C. & Grecu, A. (2023). Conflicts and natural disasters, sources of migration in the twenty-first century. In The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry. Springer, Berlin. https://doi.org/10.1007/698_2023_972
  • Eden, C. A., Chisom, O. N. & Adeniyi, I. S. (2024). Cultural competence in education: strategies for fostering inclusivity and diversity awareness. International Journal of Applied Research in Social Sciences, 6(3), 383-392. https://doi.org/10.51594/ijarss.v6i3.895
  • El Khoury, S. J. (2024). Factors that impact the sociocultural adjustment and well-being of Syrian refugees in Stuttgart, Germany. In Migration and Wellbeing (pp. 80-95). Routledge.
  • Elwakil, F. R. (2024). The effect of social support on attitudes towards inclusive education and self‐efficacy among pre‐service special education teachers in Egypt. Journal of Research in Special Educational Needs. https://doi.org/10.1111/1471-3802.12658
  • Emery, L., Spruyt, B. & Van Avermaet, P. (2024). Teaching to the track: Grouping in reception education for newly arrived migrant students. International Journal of Inclusive Education, 28(5), 594-610. https://doi.org/10.1080/13603116.2021.1942568
  • Erdem, C. (2017). Sınıfında mülteci öğrenci bulunan sınıf öğretmenlerinin yaşadıkları öğretimsel sorunlar ve çözüme dair önerileri. Medeniyet Eğitim Araştırmaları Dergisi, 1(1), 26-42.
  • Erlandson, D. A., Harris, E. L., Skipper, B. L. & Allen, S. T. (1993). Doing naturalistic inquiry: A guide to methods. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
  • Huilla, H., Lay, E., & Tzaninis, Y. (2022). Tensions between diverse schools and inclusive educational practices: Pedagogues’ perspectives in Iceland, Finland and the Netherlands. Compare: A Journal of Comparative and International Education, 54(1), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1080/03057925.2022.2065461
  • İçel, K., Ocak, G. & Baysal, E. A. (2024). Teacher opinions on problems resulting from individual and cultural differences in the adaptation class of students from different nationalities. Education & Science, Early Release, 1-22. https://doi.org/10.15390/EB.2024.12536
  • Jia, L., Tan, R. & Santi, M. (2022). Teachers’ understanding of inclusive education: Comparing perspectives in China and Italy. Asia Pacific Journal of Education, 44(2), 503–515. https://doi.org/10.1080/02188791.2022.2066628
  • Kaya Erdem, B. & Bilge, R. (2024). Can turkey’s winter be Europe’s spring? Turkey’s dilemma as a buffer state protecting Europe from irregular migration. IntechOpen. https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.1005435
  • Kaysılı, A., Soylu, A., & Sever, M. (2019). Exploring major roadblocks on inclusive education of Syrian refugees in school settings. Turkish Journal of Education, 8(2), 109-128. https://doi.org/10.19128/turje.496261
  • Kazu, H., & Deniz, E. (2019). Kapsayıcı eğitim bağlamında öğretmenlerin mülteci öğrencilere ilişkin tutumlarının çeşitli değişkenler açısından incelenmesi. OPUS International Journal of Society Researches, 14(20), 1336-1368. https://doi.org/10.26466/opus.612341
  • Khalil, M., Slade, S. & Prinsloo, P. (2024). Learning analytics in support of inclusiveness and disabled students: A systematic review. Journal of Computing in Higher Education, 36(1), 202-219. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12528-023-09363-4
  • Kiremit, R. F., Akpınar, Ü., & Tüfekci Akcan, A. (2018). Teachers’ views about Syrian students’ adaptation to school. Kastamonu Education Journal, 26(6), 2139-2149. https://doi.org/10.24106/kefdergi.428598
  • Koukou, M., Marinou, M., & Rapti, D. (2024). Inclusion of immigrant and refugee students with disability in education: A qualitative research. European Journal of Special Education Research, 10(2), 118-136. https://doi.org/10.46827/ejse.v10i2.5259
  • Kozleski, E. B., & Waitoller, F. R. (2010). Teacher learning for inclusive education: Understanding teaching as a cultural and political practice. International Journal of Inclusive Education, 14(7), 655–666. https://doi.org/10.1080/13603111003778379
  • Larios, R. J. & Zetlin, A. (2023). Challenges to preparing teachers to instruct all students in inclusive classrooms. Teaching and Teacher Education, 121, 103945. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2022.103945
  • Latorre-Cosculluela, C., Sin-Torres, E. & Anzano-Oto, S. (2024). Links between innovation and inclusive education: A qualitative analysis of teachers' and leaders' perceptions. International Journal of Innovation and Learning, 36(2), 246-262. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJIL.2024.140265
  • Letzel‐Alt, V. & Pozas, M. (2024). Inclusive education for refugee students from Ukraine—An exploration of differentiated instruction in German schools. Journal of Research in Special Educational Needs, 24, 855-865. https://doi.org/10.1111/1471-3802.12678
  • Lincoln, Y. S. & Guba, E. G. (1985). Naturalistic inquiry. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
  • Mazı, A. (2023). Kapsayıcı matematik eğitimi. Ankara: Nobelbilimsel publishing.
  • Mazı, A. (2024). Investigation of preschool teachers’ views of inclusive mathematics education. Korkut Ata Türkiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi, (15), 797-809. https://doi.org/10.51531/korkutataturkiyat.1456565
  • McAuliffe, M., & Oucho, L. A. (2024). Report overview: migration continues to be part of the solution in a rapidly changing world, but key challenges remain. World Migration Report, 2024(1), e00033. https://doi.org/10.1002/wom3.33
  • Miles, M. B. & Huberman, A. M. (1994). Qualitative data analysis: An expanded sourcebook. Sage.
  • MoNE. (2022). Inclusive Education Teacher Training Module Teacher Training Project. https://oygm.meb.gov.tr/www/kapsayici-egitim-ogretmen-egitimi-modulu-projesi/icerik/1001
  • MoNE. (2025). Expert Teacher Training Program Seminar. https://www.oba.gov.tr/egitim/detay/uzman-ogretmenlik-egitim-programi-semineri-meb-personeli-286
  • Nazaruk, S., Ruszkowska, M., Budnyk, O., Dąbrowska, I. & Sokołowska, B. (2024). Experiences of the Polish teachers of primary schools in working with war refugee students from Ukraine – selected problems, limitations and implications for pedagogical practice. Education 3-13, 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1080/03004279.2024.2336968
  • Rapp, A. C. & Corral-Granados, A. (2024). Understanding inclusive education–a theoretical contribution from system theory and the constructionist perspective. International Journal of Inclusive Education, 28(4), 423-439. https://doi.org/10.1080/13603116.2021.1946725
  • Schwab, S., Resch, K. & Alnahdi, G. (2024). Inclusion does not solely apply to students with disabilities: Pre-service teachers’ attitudes towards inclusive schooling of all students. International Journal of Inclusive Education, 28(2), 214-230. https://doi.org/10.1080/13603116.2021.1938712
  • Sharma-Brymer, V., Kakos, M., Koehler, C. & Denkelaar, M. (2024). Supporting the educational integration of young people seeking asylum and refuge: Examining good practices from Germany, Sweden and England. Intercultural Education, 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1080/14675986.2024.2349475
  • Svensson, H. (2024). Language learning, gender and education: Understanding the agency and affordances of refugee-background women with emergent literacy. Linguistics and Education, 81, 101309. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.linged.2024.101309
  • Taneri, P. O. & Ugur, N. (2024). Examining the problems of the teachers appointed within the scope of supporting the integration of Syrian children into the Turkish education system (PIKTES) project. Journal for Critical Education Policy Studies, 22(2).
  • Ulukuş, M. Y., & Tümtaş, M. S. (2023). Piktes projesinin türkiye’deki suriyelilerin entegrasyonuna etkisi: Antalya örneği. Stratejik ve Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 7(3), 481-496. https://doi.org/10.30692/sisad.1358917
  • Valek, N. (2024). EFL instruction as a tool for the inclusion of refugee children in Croatian schools: Teachers’ perspective (Doctoral dissertation). Croatia. University of Zagreb. https://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:131:128510
  • Vlasta, B., Patrícia, Z., & Štefan, P. (2021). Inclusive education in practice: Teachers’ opinions and needs. Journal of Siberian Federal University. Humanities & Social Sciences, 14(9), 1286-1298. https://doi.org/10.17516/1997-1370-0819
  • Walton, E., & Engelbrecht, P. (2024). Inclusive education in South Africa: Path dependencies and emergences. International Journal of Inclusive Education, 28(10), 2138-2156. https://doi.org/10.1080/13603116.2022.2061608
  • Yıldırım, A. & Şimşek, H. (2021). Sosyal bilimlerde nitel araştırma yöntemleri. Seçkin.
  • Zelina, M. (2020). Interviews with teachers about inclusive education. Acta Educationis Generalis, 10(2), 95-111. https://doi.org/10.2478/atd-2020-0012
There are 44 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Inclusive Education
Journal Section Eğitim Bilimleri
Authors

Ali Mazı 0000-0001-9188-8583

Fikriye Kanatlı Öztürk 0000-0003-4513-3686

Publication Date August 31, 2025
Submission Date February 6, 2025
Acceptance Date June 5, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 9 Issue: 21

Cite

APA Mazı, A., & Kanatlı Öztürk, F. (2025). Investigation of Teachers’ Perspectives on Inclusive Education Practices in the context of Refugee Students. Disiplinlerarası Eğitim Araştırmaları Dergisi, 9(21), 354-366. https://doi.org/10.57135/jier.1634542

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The Journal of Interdisciplinary Educational Researches (JIER) published by the Interdisciplinary Educational and Research Association (JIER)A) is an internationally eminent journal.

JIER, a nonprofit, nonprofit NGO, is concerned with improving the education system within the context of its corporate objectives and social responsibility policies. JIER, has the potential to solve educational problems and has a strong gratification for the contributions of qualified scientific researchers.

JIER has the purpose of serving the construction of an education system that can win the knowledge and skills that each individual should have firstly in our country and then in the world. In addition, JIER serves to disseminate the academic work that contributes to the professional development of teachers and academicians, offering concrete solutions to the problems of all levels of education, from preschool education to higher education.

JIER has the priority to contribute to more qualified school practices. Creating and managing content within this context will help to advance towards the goal of being a "focus magazine" and "magazine school", and will also form the basis for a holistic view of educational issues. It also acts as an intermediary in the production of common mind for sustainable development and education