Transhümanizm Bağlamında Gerçekleştirilen Eğitim Makalelerinin Serüveni

Year 2025, Volume: 7 Issue: 2, 151 - 167

Gökmen Güneş , Muhammed Zeki Güz , Orhan Aktaş , Emine Özer , Bahadır Kılcan

https://doi.org/10.47157/jietp.1667349

Abstract

Transhümanizm insanların fiziksel ve zihinsel olarak yeteneklerini bilimsel ve teknolojik olarak desteklemeye yönelik olarak ortaya çıkan felsefi akım olarak bilinmektedir. Tanımından da anlaşıldığı üzere transhümanizmin insanın birtakım özelliklerine müdahaleyi konu ediniyor olması farklı bilim dallarını bu kavram ile yakından ilgilenmeye yöneltmiştir. Bu bağlamda eğitim bilimleri de transhümanizmin hedef kitlesi göz önünde bulundurulduğunda doğal olarak bu felsefi akım ile doğrudan ilişki içerisine girmiştir. Gerçekleştirilen bu çalışma da bahsedilen bu ilişkinin seyrinin hangi aşamada olduğuna yönelik transhümanizm temelinde gerçekleştirilen eğitim makalelerinin bibliyometrik yönlerini analiz etmek için gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda WoS, Scopus, PubMed, Dimensions ve Lens veri tabanlarından toplanan veri setini incelemek için R-Studio aracı kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın sonuçlarına göre transhümanizm konusundaki çalışmaların seyrinin son yıllarda artış eğiliminde olduğu görülmüştür. Transhümanizm konusunda dünyadaki en fazla yayını ortaya koyan derginin Zygon olduğu bilinmektedir. Konuyla ilgili az da olsa dünyadaki bazı ülkelerin ve kuruluşların ilişki içerisinde oldukları görülmüştür. Transhümanizm üzerine kaleme alınan dergi makalelerinde transhumanism, posthumanism, education, artificial intelligence, biotechnology, enhancement gibi anahtar kelimelerin birlikte kullanıldıkları tespit edilmiştir. Mevcut araştırmanın transhümanizm konulu eğitim makaleleri için genel bir bakış açısı ortaka koymasını umuyoruz. Bu araştırmada WoS, Scopus, PubMed, Dimensions ve Lens veri tabanlarında bulunan 2025 yılına kadar yer alan makaleler incelenmiştir. Sonraki zamanlarda farklı yayın türlerini kapsayan farklı veri tabanlarındaki çalışmalar güncel eğilimleri takip ederek gerçekleştirilebilir.

Keywords

Transhümanizm , Eğitim , Map Analysis , R-Studio

The Journey of Educational Articles in the Context of Transhumanism

Abstract

Transhumanism is known as a philosophical movement aimed at scientifically and technologically supporting the physical and mental capabilities of humans. As can be inferred from its definition, the focus of transhumanism on intervening in certain human characteristics has led various scientific fields to closely engage with this concept. In this context, considering the target audience of transhumanism, educational sciences have naturally entered into a direct relationship with this philosophical movement. This study was conducted to analyze the bibliometric aspects of educational articles based on transhumanism in order to understand the progression of this relationship. To achieve this goal, the R-Studio tool was used to examine the data set collected from the WoS, Scopus, PubMed, Dimensions, and Lens databases. According to the results of the study, it was observed that the trend in transhumanism-related studies has been on the rise in recent years. The journal Zygon is known to be the most prolific in terms of publications on transhumanism. Although limited, it was found that some countries and organizations around the world have engaged with the topic. In journal articles written on transhumanism, keywords such as transhumanism, posthumanism, education, artificial intelligence, biotechnology, and enhancement were frequently used together. This study aims to provide an overview of educational articles on transhumanism. In this study, articles published up to the year 2025 in the WoS, Scopus, PubMed, Dimensions, and Lens databases were examined. In the future, studies covering different types of publications in various databases can be conducted in line with current trends.

Keywords

Transhümanizm , Map Analysis , R-Studio , education

References

• Aria, M., & Cuccurullo, C. (2017). Bibliometrix: An R-tool for comprehensive science mapping analysis. Journal of Informetrics, 11(4), 959–975. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joi.2017.08.007
• Bayne, S. (2014). What’s the matter with ‘technology-enhanced learning’? Learning, Media and Technology, 40(1), 5–20. https://doi.org/10.1080/17439884.2014.915851
• Boenig-Liptsin, M., & Hurlbut, J. B. (2016). Technologies of transcendence at singularity university. J. B. Hurlbut, H. Tirosh-Samuelson (Eds.) In Perfecting human futures: Transhuman visions and technological imaginations (pp. 239-267). Springer.
• Bostrom, N. & Sandberg, A. (2009). Cognitive enhancement: Methods, ethics, regulatory challenges. Science and Engineering Ethics, 15, 311–341. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11948-009-9142-5.
• Brin, D., Broderick, D., Bostrom, N., Chislenko, A. S., Hanson, R., More, M., ... & Sandberg, A. (2013). A critical discussion of vinge’s singularity concept. Max More and Natasha Vita-More (Eds.) In The transhumanist reader: Classical and contemporary essays on the science, technology, and philosophy of the human future (pp. 395-417). John Wiley & Sons, Inc. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118555927.ch37
• Chapman, A. R. (2010) Inconsistency of human rights approaches to human dignity with transhumanism. The American Journal of Bioethics, 10(7), 61-63. https://doi.org/10.1080/15265161003702899.
• Culnan, M. J., O'Reilly III, C. A., & Chatman, J. A. (1990). Intellectual structure of research in organizational behavior, 1972–1984: A cocitation analysis. Journal of the American Society for Information Science, 41(6), 453-458. https://faculty.haas.berkeley.edu/Chatman/papers/38_IntellectualStructureResearchOB.pdf.
• Dahlin, B (2012). Our posthuman futures and education: Homo zappiens, cyborgs, and the new adam, Futures, 44(1), 55-63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.futures.2011.08.007
• Ellegaard, O., & Wallin, J. A. (2015). The bibliometric analysis of scholarly production: How great is the impact?. Scientometrics, 105, 1809-1831. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-015-1645-z
• Garfield, E. (1990). Keywords Plus: ISI’s breakthrough retrieval method. Part 1. Expanding your searching power on current contents on diskette. Current Comments, 1(32), 5–9.
• Garner, S. (2005). Transhumanism and Christian social concern. Journal of Evolution and Technology, 14(2), 89-103.
• Geraci, R. M. (2008). Apocalyptic AI: Religion and the promise of artificial intelligence. Journal of the American Academy of Religion, 76(1), 138-166. https://doi.org/10.1093/jaarel/lfm101
• Geraci, R. M. (2012). Video games and the transhuman inclination, Zygon, 47(4), 735-756. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9744.2012.01292.x
• Güneş, G., & Kılcan, B. (2024). Ortaokul öğrencilerinin transhümanizm kavramına yönelik karar verme stillerinin incelenmesi. Anadolu Kültürel Araştırmalar Dergisi, 8(3), 520-532. https://doi.org/10.15659/jancr.v8i3.220
• Harari, Y. N. (2018). 21. yüzyıl için 21 ders. (S. Siral. Çev). Kolektif.
• Hopkins, P. D. (2005). Transcending the animal: How transhumanism and religion are and are not alike. Journal of Evolution and Technology, 14(2), 13-28. http://jetpress.org/volume14/hopkins.html
• Hughes, J. J. (2012). The politics of transhumanism and the techno-millennial imagination, 1626–2030, Zygon, 47(4), 757-776. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9744.2012.01289.x
• Koch, T. (2010). Enhancing who? Enhancing what? Ethics, bioethics, and transhumanism. Journal of medicine and Philosophy, 35(6), 685-699. https://doi.org/10.1093/jmp/jhq051
• Kurzweil R. (2019). İnsanlık 2.0: Tekilliğe doğru biyolojisini aşan insan (4. bs.). (M. Şengel, Çev.). Alfa Bilim.
• McBurney, M. K., & Novak, P. L. (2002, September). What is bibliometrics and why should you care?. In Proceedings. IEEE international professional communication conference (pp. 108-114). IEEE.
• Naude, J. H. (2009). Technological Singularity and transcendental monism: co-producers of sustainable alternative futures. Journal of Futures Studies, 13(3), 49-58. https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/document?repid=rep1&type=pdf&doi=46f05c26af214bc518579c1a142623bec7b68fc4
• Petelin, G. (2014). An alternative to technological singularity. Griffith University (pp. 1-5). https://research-repository.griffith.edu.au/server/api/core/bitstreams/0a10b7bd-cb07-520e-86ac-1a480aaabc2e/content
• Potapov, A. (2018). Technological singularity: What do we really know? Information, 9(4), 82. https://doi.org/10.3390/info9040082
• Ramming, B., & Zweig, M. (2007). Technological singularity. https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/document?repid=rep1&type=pdf&doi=977ac750e74073b7bdd148fc3f7c3e6fbd4d950a. Erişim tarihi: 27.10.2024
• Sawadogo, J., & Simpore, J. (2023). Would the convergence of nanotechnology, biotechnology, ınformation technology and cognitive science be a springboard for transhumanism and posthumanism?. Open Journal of Philosophy, 13(4), 681-695. doi: 10.4236/ojpp.2023.134043.
• Temel, H. (2019). Transhümanizme farklı bir bakış. İnsan ve Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 2(2) 372-380. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/841347
• Tirosh-Samuelson, H. (2007). Facing the challenges of transhumanism: Philosophical, religious, and ethical considerations. Canyon Institute for Advanced Studies. 7(1), 1-7. https://static1.squarespace.com/static/58e2ad42b8a79b147520b825/t/5ce57cca9140b74972c04b02/1558543563751/CIAS-News_Vol.7%281%29.pdf
• Tirosh‐Samuelson, H. (2012). Transhumanism as a secularist faith. Zygon, 47(4), 710-734. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9744.2012.01288.x
• Tripathi, M., Kumar, S., Sonker, S. K., & Babbar, P. (2018). Occurrence of author keywords and keywords plus in social sciences and humanities research: A preliminary study. Journal of Scientometrics and Information Management, 12(2), 215-232. https://doi.org/10.1080/09737766.2018.1436951
• Uğur, S. (2018). Transhümanizm ve öğrenmedeki değişim. AUAd, 4(3), 58-74. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/564434
• Umut, T. N. (2018). Ahlakî “yapılmamalı”, insan geliştirme teknolojilerindeki yapılabilirliği sınırlandırmalı mı? Darulfunun İlahiyat 29(2), 229-251. https://dx.doi.org/10.26550/di.2018.29.2.0030
• Vinge, V. (1993). Coming Technological Singularity: How to Survive in the Post-Human Era. Vision-21: Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in the Era of Cyberspace. (March 30-31). https://ntrs.nasa.gov/api/citations/19940022856/downloads/19940022856.pdf
• Wolbring, G. (2008). Is there an end to out-able? Is there an end to the rat race for abilities?, M/C Journal, 11(3). https://doi.org/10.5204/mcj.57
• Zimmerman, M. E. (2008). The singularity: A crucial phase in divine self-actualization? Cosmos and History: The Journal of Natural and Social Philosophy, 4(1-2), 347-371.