ANXIETY CAUSED BY THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN THE INDIVIDUAL AND ESCAPE FROM THE HOSPITAL

Year 2020, Volume: 6 Issue: 11, 60 - 71, 27.10.2020

Sedat Bostan Ahmet Kaya Deniz Güneş İrfan Usta

Abstract

In the epidemic period, other health services can be interrupted by allocating resources to epidemic-causing cases. It has been reported that anxiety and depression levels of individuals increase during these periods. Some studies report a decrease in the number of patients using health services during the SARS epidemic.
With this study, it is aimed to give an idea about the health problems that may arise by identifying the tendency of the COVID-19 pandemic to negatively affect the mental health of individuals and to avoid using health services, apart from the effect of making people sick and killing them.
Back anxiety and back depression scales were used in the study. In addition, a scale was developed to measure the intention of individuals to go to hospital. The validity and reliability of the scales were tested and approved. Data were collected from one thousand seven people with the easy sampling method with the digitally created questionnaire form.
During the pandemic process, it was found that approximately one third (34.5%) of the individuals had symptoms of anxiety and nearly half (48%) of them had depression symptoms. Individuals stated that they could go to the hospital only when they had a serious illness (3.49) or emergencies (3.6).
It has been suggested that the COVID-19 pandemic should be evaluated holistically with other health problems, and pandemic hospitals should be identified and separated from other hospitals, and other patient groups should benefit from uninterrupted health services and practices to reduce the social stress associated with the pandemic.

Keywords

COVID-19, Anxiety, Depression, Intention to Go to Hospital

References

• Akin, H. (2018). Felaket Geliyorum Demi ş ti : Ortaça ğ ’ da Ya ş anan Büyük Veba Salg ı n ı ve Toplumsal Ya ş amdaki Sonuçlar ı Üzerine Bir De ğ erlendirme. 2014, 247–296.
• Akpınar, A., & Özcan, M. (2018). The Important Witness of the Malaria Struggle in Turkey: Milaslı İsmail Hakkı and His Pamphlet Entitled “Who Knows What About Malaria?” Konuralp Tıp Dergisi, 10(2), 235–243. https://doi.org/10.18521/ktd.322589
• Banna, M. H. Al, Sayeed, A., Kundu, S., Christopher, E., Hasan, M. T., Begum, M. R., Kormoker, T., Dola, S. T. I., Hassan, M. M., Chowdhury, S., & Khan, M. S. I. (2020). The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of the adult population in Bangladesh: a nationwide cross-sectional study. International Journal of Environmental Health Research, 00(00), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1080/09603123.2020.1802409
• Bostan, S., Erdem, R., Öztürk, Y. E., Kılıç, T., & Yılmaz, A. (2020). The effect of COVID-19 pandemic on the Turkish society. Electronic Journal of General Medicine, 17(6). https://doi.org/10.29333/ejgm/7944
• Bursa İl Sağlık Müdürü Kaşıkcı: Randevu almadan hastaneye gitmeyin - Merkez Haber. (2020). Retrieved September 12, 2020, from https://www.cnnturk.com/yerel-haberler/bursa/merkez/bursa-il-saglik-muduru-kasikci-randevu-almadan-hastaneye-gitmeyin-1530444
• Chen, T. A., Lai, K. H., & Chang, H. T. (2004). Impact of a severe acute respiratory syndrome outbreak in the emergency department: An experience in Taiwan. Emergency Medicine Journal, 21(6), 660–662. https://doi.org/10.1136/emj.2003.010678
• Cheng, V. C. C., Wong, S. C., Chen, J. H. K., Yip, C. C. Y., Chuang, V. W. M., Tsang, O. T. Y., Sridhar, S., Chan, J. F. W., Ho, P. L., & Yuen, K. Y. (2020). Escalating infection control response to the rapidly evolving epidemiology of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) due to SARS-CoV-2 in Hong Kong. Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology, 41(5), 493–498. https://doi.org/10.1017/ice.2020.58
• Covid-19’a karşı sahte içki tüketimi: İran’da ölü sayısı 339’a çıktı | Euronews. (n.d.). Retrieved September 10, 2020, from https://tr.euronews.com/2020/04/06/covid-19-a-kars-sahte-icki-tuketimi-iran-da-olu-sayisi-339-a-cikti
• Center for the Study of Traumatic Stress (CSTS). (2020). Psychological Effects of Quarantine During the Coronavirus Outbreak: What Healthcare Providers Need to Know. 1–2. https://www.cstsonline.org/assets/media/documents/CSTS_FS_Psychological_Effects_Quarantine_During_Coronavirus_Outbreak_Providers.pdf
• Duran, M. S., & Acar, M. (2020). BİRVi̇rüsün DünyayEtti̇kleri̇:Covi̇d-Pandemi̇si̇ni̇nMakroekonomi̇Etki̇leri̇. International Journal of Social and Economic Sciences E-ISSN, 10(1), 54–67. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7426-6747
• Eşidir, O. V., & Bak, G. (2020). Geçmişten Günümüze İspanyol Gribi’ne Türkiye’den Bakiş. Ankara. İksad Publishing House.
• Global Malaria Programme: WHO Global. (2019). World malaria report 2019. In WHO Regional Office for Africa. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/malaria
• Grubaugh, N. D., Ladner, J. T., Lemey, P., Pybus, O. G., Rambaut, A., Holmes, E. C., & Andersen, K. G. (2019). Tracking virus outbreaks in the twenty-first century. Nature Microbiology, 4(1), 10–19. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41564-018-0296-2
• Heiber, M., & Lou, W. Y. W. (2006). Effect of the SARS outbreak on visits to a community hospital emergency department. Canadian Journal of Emergency Medicine, 8(5), 323–328. https://doi.org/10.1017/S148180350001397X
• Karataş, Z. (2020). COVID-19 Pandemisinin Toplumsal Etkileri , Değişim ve Güçlenme Social Impacts of COVID-19 Pandemic , Change and Empowerment. Türkiye Sosyal Hizmet Araştırmaları Dergisi, 4(1), 3–17.
• Koronavirüs Bilim Kurulu Üyesi Prof. Dr. Tevfik Özlü: Mecbur olmadıkça hastaneye gitmeyin! - Galeri - Takvim. (n.d.). Retrieved September 12, 2020, from https://www.takvim.com.tr/galeri/guncel/koronavirus-bilim-kurulu-uyesi-prof-dr-tevfik-ozlu-mecbur-olmadikca-hasataneye-gitmeyin
• “Kovid-19 bulaşır” endişesiyle hastaneye gitmek istemeyen çiftin oğulları yatağında ölü bulundu - Son Dakika Flaş Haberler. (2020). Retrieved September 12, 2020, from https://www.cnnturk.com/turkiye/kovid-19-bulasir-endisesiyle-hastaneye-gitmek-istemeyen-ciftin-ogullari-yataginda-olu-bulundu
• Man, C. Y., Yeung, R. S. D., Chung, J. Y. M., & Cameron, P. A. (2003). Impact of SARS on an emergency department in Hong Kong. Emergency Medicine, 15(5–6), 418–422. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1442-2026.2003.00495.x
• Ozamiz-Etxebarria, N., Idoiaga Mondragon, N., Dosil Santamaría, M., & Picaza Gorrotxategi, M. (2020). Psychological Symptoms During the Two Stages of Lockdown in Response to the COVID-19 Outbreak: An Investigation in a Sample of Citizens in Northern Spain. Frontiers in Psychology, 11(June), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01491
• Parıldar, H. (2020). Infectious Disease Outbreaks in History. The Journal of Tepecik Education and Research Hospital, 30, 19–26. https://doi.org/10.5222/terh.2020.93764
• Randevusuz hastaneye gitmeyin. (2020). Retrieved September 12, 2020, from http://www.orduolay.com/saglik/randevusuz-hastaneye-gitmeyin/56550
• Sahoo, S., Rani, S., Parveen, S., Pal Singh, A., Mehra, A., Chakrabarti, S., Grover, S., & Tandup, C. (2020). Self-harm and COVID-19 Pandemic: An emerging concern – A report of 2 cases from India. In Asian Journal of Psychiatry (Vol. 51, p. 102104). Elsevier B.V. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102104
• SAYILI, U., ACAR, H. C., ŞAHİN, Ü., & CAN, G. (2020). Coronavirüs ( COVID-19 ) Salgını Döneminde İstanbul ’ da Ölüm Hızındaki Artış. Sağlık ve Toplum Özel Sayı, 4, 77–85.
• Tam, C. C. F., Cheung, K. S., Lam, S., Wong, A., Yung, A., Sze, M., Lam, Y. M., Chan, C., Tsang, T. C., Tsui, M., Tse, H. F., & Siu, C. W. (2020). Impact of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Outbreak on ST-Segment-Elevation Myocardial Infarction Care in Hong Kong, China. In Circulation: Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes (Vol. 13, Issue 4). Lippincott Williams and Wilkins. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCOUTCOMES.120.006631
• T.C Sağlık Bakanlığı. (2020). Retrieved September 9, 2020, from https://covid19.saglik.gov.tr/
• WHO Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Dashboard | WHO Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Dashboard. (n.d.). Retrieved September 9, 2020, from https://covid19.who.int/
• WHO Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Dashboard | WHO Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Dashboard. (n.d.). Retrieved September 9, 2020, from https://covid19.who.int/
• Worldometer. (2020). Coronavirus Cases. Worldometer. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.01.23.20018549V2