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THE PROBLEM OF ASSOCIATING ISLAM WITH TERROR IN THE WESTERN MEDIA

Year 2018, Volume: 4 Issue: 2, 296 - 309, 30.12.2018

Abstract

Western
media show overall orientation to attribute problems to Islam and Muslims in simple
terms and to generalize it as including all Muslims with a limited perspective
in their news coverage of Islam and Muslims. Terror and Islam are brought
together in media and used ‘Islamic terror’ and ‘Islamist terror’as an
expression and it has been seen that ‘Islamist terrorist’, ‘fundemantalist’,
“radical Islamist’ are used for Muslims. In England three member Muslim group
organized a terror attack on London Bridge in 3 June 2017. 16 days later
following the attack, an English citizen named Darren Osborne organized a kind
of similar attack by the Finsbury Park in 19 June 2017. In this study, how both
attacks were covered in the British news media were tried to be studied. In
this context, how Muslim and Christian attackers were diffrerently represented
in the news have been emphasized. 

References

  • Ahmed, B., (2015). “Less Than 2 Percent of Terrorist Attacks In the EU Are Religiously Motivated, https://thinkprogress.org/less-than-2-percent-of-terrorist-attacks-in-the-e-u-are-religiously-motivated-cec7d8ebedf6/, erişim tarihi, 15.08.2017
  • Albayrak, A., “Terör-Din İlişkisi (zliği) Üzerine”, Dini Araştırmalar, Cilt:7, Sayı:20
  • Arnold, T. W., (1896). The Preaching of Islam: A History of the Propagation of the Muslim Faith, A. Constable and co.
  • BBC, (2017). “Londra’da Finsbury Park Camii yakınında kamyonetle saldırı: Bir kişi hayatını kaybetti, 10 kişi yaralandı.”, http://www.bbc.com/turkce/haberler-dunya-40322896, erişim tarihi, 25.08.2017
  • BBC, (2017). “Finsbury Park attack: Theresa May condemns ‘sickening’ terror attack, http://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-london-40322960, erişim tarihi, 25.08.2017
  • BBC, (2017). “London attack: Seven killed in vehicle and stabbing incidents”, http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-40146916, erişim tarihi, 25.08.2017
  • BBC, (2017). “White US army veteran charged over black mans’s murder”, http://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-39413694, erişim tarihi, 20.09.2017
  • BBC, (2017). “Finsbury Park attack: Suspect Darren Osborne from Cardiff”, http://www.bbc.com/news/uk-wales-40323929, erişim tarihi, 25.09.2017
  • Butler, (2015). “Shooters of color are called ‘terrorists’ and ‘thugs’. Why are White shooters called ‘mentally ill’?, https://www.newsday.com/opinion/oped/shooters-of- color-are-called-terrorists-and-thugs-why-are-white-shooters-called-mentally-ill-1.10560788, erişim tarihi, 20.09.2017
  • Daily Mail, (2017). “ ‘By God’s grace we managed to protect him’: Hero imam describes moment he saved Finsbury Park terror suspect who was shouting ‘kill me now’ after ‘ploughing into worshippers leaving a mosque’”, http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-4616452/Man-arrested-van-ploughs-people-outside-mosque.html, erişim tarihi, 15.09.2017
  • Daily Mail, (2017b). “Clean-shaven white man arrested by poliçe as at least 10 people are injured”, https://twitter.com/dailymailuk/status/876603084037697537, erişim tarihi, 15.08.2017
  • Daily Mail, (2017c), “London Bridge terror attack: Police confirm three terrorists shot dead after they killed six people and injured at least 48”, http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-4569928/London-Bridge-terror-attack-facts-far.html, erişim tarihi, 15.08.2017
  • Daunt, J. (2017). Finsbury Park attacker heard saying 'I did my bit', http://www.businessinsider.com/finsbury-park-attacker-terrorist-attack-muslim-welfare-house-attack-2017-6/?r=AU&IR=T, erişim tarihi, 25.08.2017
  • Dedeoğlu, B. (2016). “Terörün Tanımı”, http://www.star.com.tr/yazar/teror-tanimi-yazi-1110316/, erişim tarihi, 25.08.2016
  • Dodd, V., Grierson, J., (2017). “Finsbury Park attack suspect was probably ‘self-radicalised’”, https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2017/jun/21/finsbury-park-mosque-attack-two-victims-in-critical-care, erişim tarihi, 15.09.2017
  • Döner, İ. (2005). “Uluslararası Hukukta ve Türk Hukukunda Terör ve Terörizm”, http://www.eakademi.org/incele.asp?konu=ULUSLARARASI%20HUKUKTA%20VE%20T%DCRK%20HUKUKUNDA%20TER%D6R%20VE%20TER%D6R%DDZM&kimlik=1129233217&url=makaleler/idoner-1.htm, erişim tarihi, 25.08.2017
  • Dönmezer, S. (1997) “Her Yönüyle Tedhiş”, Son Havadis.10.11.1997
  • Farmer, B., (2017). “Far-right and neo-Nazi terror arrests double”, http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/03/09/far-right-neo-nazi-terror-arrests-double/, erişim tarihi, 20.08.2017
  • FBI, (2017). https://www.fbi.gov/stats-services/publications/terrorism-2002-2005, erişim tarihi, 15.07.2017 Grenoble, R., (2017). “A White Terrorist Is A ‘Troubled Loner’, But Unarmed Black Teens Are ‘Thugs’, https://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/robert-dear-terrorist-shooting_us_565c9adbe4b072e9d1c2a02e, erişim tarihi, 30.08.2017
  • Griffin, A., (2017). “London Bridge and Borough Market are ‘terrorist incidents’, according to Met Police”, http://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/london-bridge-borough-market-attack-incident-terror-terrorist-police-what-happened-latest-live-a7771636.html, erişim tarihi, 25.08.2017
  • Guardian, (2017). “Within eight minutes suspects were dead: timeline of the London Bridge attack”, https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2017/jun/04/within-eight-minutes-attackers-were-dead-timeline-of-the-london-bridge-attack, erişim tarihi, 25.08.2017
  • ITV, (2017). “Finsbury Park eyewitness: “attacker was saying ‘kill me’”, http://www.itv.com/news/london/2017-06-19/finsbury-park-eyewitness-attacker-was-saying-kill-me/, erişim tarihi, 25.08.2017.
  • Leenars, J., Alastair, R., (2016). “Understanding Lone Wolves: Towards a Theoretical Framework for Comparative Analysis, International Centre for Counter Terrorism
  • Mendick, R. (2017). “They shouted ‘this is for Allah’, as they stabbed indiscrimanetly’-How the London terror attack unfolded”, http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/06/04/shouted-allah-stabbed-indiscriminately-london-terror-attack/, erişim tarihi, 25.08.2017
  • Mortimer, C. (2017)., “Darren Osborne: Family of man arrested after Finsbury Park mosque terror attack says he is ‘troubled’ but ‘not racist’, http://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/crime/finsbury-park-mosque-terror-attack-muslims-darren-osborne-van-driver-family-neighbour-troubled-a7798256.html, erişim tarihi, 25.08.2017.
  • Oxford Sözlüğü, (2017). “militant”, https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/militant, erişim tarihi, 15.08.2015 Reneau, A., (2017). “Why are White Terrorists Labeled ‘Mentally Ill’, While Brown Terrorists Are ‘Just Evil’?”, http://www.scarymommy.com/terrorism-mental-illness/, erişim tarihi, 15.09.2017
  • Reuters, (2017). “ UK’s Rudd says London attackers probably ‘radical Islamist terrorists’”, http://www.reuters.com/article/us-britain-security-rudd-idUSKBN18V0JC?il=0, erişim tarihi, 25.08.2017
  • Schwartz, M., (2017). “White House Blames Exhaustion for Donald Trump’s “Islamic Terrorism” Dog Whistle In Saudi Arabia”, https://theintercept.com/2017/05/22/white-house-blames-exhaustion-for-donald-trumps-islamic-terrorism-dog-whistle-in-saudi-arabia/, erişim tarihi, 10.07.2017
  • Seydi, S., (2006) “Batının İslami Teröre Yaklaşımı”, http://www.stradigma.com/turkce/eylul2003/makale_01.html, ET. 13.10.2006. Sullivan, A., (2001). “This is a Religious War”, New York Times, 07.10.2001.
  • Telegraph, (2017). “Finsbury Park terror suspect ‘tried to kill himself and asked to be sectioned’, http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/06/21/finsbury-park-terror-suspect-tried-kill-asked-sectioned/, erişim tarihi, 15.09.2017
  • The Guardian, (2017).“London attack: ‘Aggressive’ and ‘strange’ suspect vowed to ‘do some damage’, https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2017/jun/19/several-casualties-reported-after-van-hits-pedestrians-in-north-london, erişim tarihi, 15.08.2017
  • The Guardian, (2017). “İslamic State claims responsibility for terror attack on London-as it happened”, https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/live/2017/jun/03/london-bridge-closed-after-serious-police-incident-live, erişim tarihi, 26.09.2017
  • The Independent, (2017). “London terror attack: Isis claims responsibility amid groups’ call for increased attacks’, https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/london-terror-attack-isis-claims-responsibility-borough-market-bridge-a7772776.html, erişim tarihi, 15.08.2017
  • The Irish Times, (2017). “London terror attack: who was Kharum Shazad Butt?”, https://www.irishtimes.com/news/world/uk/london-terror-attack-who-was-khuram-shazad-butt-1.3109174, erişim tarihi, 15.08.2017
  • The Sun, (2017). “Terror Rampage What happened in the London Bridge attack, how many victims were there and when is Borough Market reopening?, https://www.thesun.co.uk/news/3720295/london-bridge-attack-borough-market-opening-today-victims-terror-latest/, erişim tarihi, 15.08.2017
  • The Sun, (2017). “ ‘THIS IS FOR İSLAM’ Mum reveals London Bridge attacker yelled ‘about İslam’ before knifing her 23-year-old son in the stomach outside pub”, https://www.thesun.co.uk/news/3721965/london-bridge-attack-attacker-islam-stabs-son/, erişim tarihi, 26.09.2017
  • The Sun, (2017). “ ‘TWISTED AND MISUSED’ Archbishop of Canterburry Justin Welby says no one can claim Islam had nothing to do with London Bridge terror attacks, https://www.thesun.co.uk/news/3725033/london-bridge-attack-archbishop-justin-welby-islam/, erişim tarihi, 26.09.2017
  • The Sun, (2017). “THE REAL ISLAM Muslims hand out 3000 roses at London Bridge as a symbol of love following the Borough Market terror attack, https://www.thesun.co.uk/news/3775239/london-bridge-muslims-hand-out-roses-symbol-borough-market-terror-attack/, erişim tarihi, 26.09.2017
  • The Telegraph, (2017). “Finsbury Park suspect ‘turned against Muslims’ after London Bridge attack, http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/06/19/finsbury-park-suspect-had-abused-muslim-neighbour/, erişim tarihi, 15.08.2017
  • The Telegraph, (2017). “Finsbury Park suspect ‘turned against Muslims’ after London Bridge attack”, http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/06/19/finsbury-park-suspect-had-abused-muslim-neighbour/, erişim tarihi, 25.09.2017
  • The Times, 25.08.1955.
  • The Times, (2017). “Jobless ‘lone wolf’ Darren Osborne held over attack on Finsbry Park mosque, erişim tarihi, 15.08.2017.
  • The Times, (2017b), “London Bridge terror attack editorial: democracy will prevail”, https://www.thetimes.co.uk/edition/comment/democracy-will-prevail-785f9bvsr?shareToken=1cbeeeb3ab504217aa14860ada2774e3, erişim tarihi, 15.08.2017
  • The Week, (2017). “How big a threat is white extremisim?, http://www.theweek.co.uk/85826/how-big-a-threat-is-white-extremism, erişim tarihi, 15.08.2017
  • Uluç, G., (2009). Medya ve Oryantalizm Yabancı, Farklı ve Garip… Öteki, Anahtar Kitaplar, İstanbul Wrench, J., ve Solomos, J., (1993). Racism and Migration in Western Europe, Berg, Oxford

BATI MEDYASINDA TERÖRÜN İSLAM’LA İLİŞKİLENDİRİLMESİ SORUNU

Year 2018, Volume: 4 Issue: 2, 296 - 309, 30.12.2018

Abstract

Batılı
medya, İslam ve Müslümanlar ile ilgili haberleştirmesinde teröre yönelik
sınırlı bir bakış açısı ile problemi basit bir şekilde İslam ve Müslümanlara
mal etme ve tüm Müslümanları kapsayacak şekilde genelleştirme eğilimi
göstermektedir. Medyada terör ve İslam yan yana getirilerek ‘İslami terör’,
‘İslamist terör’ gibi ifadeler kullanılırken, Müslümanlar içinde ‘İslamcı
terörist’, ‘fundamentalist’, ‘radikal İslamcı’ gibi ifadelerin kullanıldığı
görülmektedir. İngiltere’de 3 Haziran 2017 tarihinde Londra Köprüsü’nde
Müslüman olduğu öğrenilen üç kişilik bir grup terör saldırısı düzenlemiştir. Bu
saldırının gerçekleşmesinden on altı gün sonra 19 Haziran 2017 tarihinde ise
Finsbury Park yakınlarında Darren Osborne isimli bir İngiliz vatandaşı Müslümanlara
yönelik benzer bir saldırı düzenlemiştir. Bu çalışmada her iki saldırının
Britanya haber medyasında nasıl haberleştirildiği incelenmeye çalışılmıştır. Bu
bağlamda Müslüman ve Hristiyan saldırganların haberlerde nasıl farklı temsil
edildiği üzerinde durulmuştur.

References

  • Ahmed, B., (2015). “Less Than 2 Percent of Terrorist Attacks In the EU Are Religiously Motivated, https://thinkprogress.org/less-than-2-percent-of-terrorist-attacks-in-the-e-u-are-religiously-motivated-cec7d8ebedf6/, erişim tarihi, 15.08.2017
  • Albayrak, A., “Terör-Din İlişkisi (zliği) Üzerine”, Dini Araştırmalar, Cilt:7, Sayı:20
  • Arnold, T. W., (1896). The Preaching of Islam: A History of the Propagation of the Muslim Faith, A. Constable and co.
  • BBC, (2017). “Londra’da Finsbury Park Camii yakınında kamyonetle saldırı: Bir kişi hayatını kaybetti, 10 kişi yaralandı.”, http://www.bbc.com/turkce/haberler-dunya-40322896, erişim tarihi, 25.08.2017
  • BBC, (2017). “Finsbury Park attack: Theresa May condemns ‘sickening’ terror attack, http://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-london-40322960, erişim tarihi, 25.08.2017
  • BBC, (2017). “London attack: Seven killed in vehicle and stabbing incidents”, http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-40146916, erişim tarihi, 25.08.2017
  • BBC, (2017). “White US army veteran charged over black mans’s murder”, http://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-39413694, erişim tarihi, 20.09.2017
  • BBC, (2017). “Finsbury Park attack: Suspect Darren Osborne from Cardiff”, http://www.bbc.com/news/uk-wales-40323929, erişim tarihi, 25.09.2017
  • Butler, (2015). “Shooters of color are called ‘terrorists’ and ‘thugs’. Why are White shooters called ‘mentally ill’?, https://www.newsday.com/opinion/oped/shooters-of- color-are-called-terrorists-and-thugs-why-are-white-shooters-called-mentally-ill-1.10560788, erişim tarihi, 20.09.2017
  • Daily Mail, (2017). “ ‘By God’s grace we managed to protect him’: Hero imam describes moment he saved Finsbury Park terror suspect who was shouting ‘kill me now’ after ‘ploughing into worshippers leaving a mosque’”, http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-4616452/Man-arrested-van-ploughs-people-outside-mosque.html, erişim tarihi, 15.09.2017
  • Daily Mail, (2017b). “Clean-shaven white man arrested by poliçe as at least 10 people are injured”, https://twitter.com/dailymailuk/status/876603084037697537, erişim tarihi, 15.08.2017
  • Daily Mail, (2017c), “London Bridge terror attack: Police confirm three terrorists shot dead after they killed six people and injured at least 48”, http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-4569928/London-Bridge-terror-attack-facts-far.html, erişim tarihi, 15.08.2017
  • Daunt, J. (2017). Finsbury Park attacker heard saying 'I did my bit', http://www.businessinsider.com/finsbury-park-attacker-terrorist-attack-muslim-welfare-house-attack-2017-6/?r=AU&IR=T, erişim tarihi, 25.08.2017
  • Dedeoğlu, B. (2016). “Terörün Tanımı”, http://www.star.com.tr/yazar/teror-tanimi-yazi-1110316/, erişim tarihi, 25.08.2016
  • Dodd, V., Grierson, J., (2017). “Finsbury Park attack suspect was probably ‘self-radicalised’”, https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2017/jun/21/finsbury-park-mosque-attack-two-victims-in-critical-care, erişim tarihi, 15.09.2017
  • Döner, İ. (2005). “Uluslararası Hukukta ve Türk Hukukunda Terör ve Terörizm”, http://www.eakademi.org/incele.asp?konu=ULUSLARARASI%20HUKUKTA%20VE%20T%DCRK%20HUKUKUNDA%20TER%D6R%20VE%20TER%D6R%DDZM&kimlik=1129233217&url=makaleler/idoner-1.htm, erişim tarihi, 25.08.2017
  • Dönmezer, S. (1997) “Her Yönüyle Tedhiş”, Son Havadis.10.11.1997
  • Farmer, B., (2017). “Far-right and neo-Nazi terror arrests double”, http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/03/09/far-right-neo-nazi-terror-arrests-double/, erişim tarihi, 20.08.2017
  • FBI, (2017). https://www.fbi.gov/stats-services/publications/terrorism-2002-2005, erişim tarihi, 15.07.2017 Grenoble, R., (2017). “A White Terrorist Is A ‘Troubled Loner’, But Unarmed Black Teens Are ‘Thugs’, https://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/robert-dear-terrorist-shooting_us_565c9adbe4b072e9d1c2a02e, erişim tarihi, 30.08.2017
  • Griffin, A., (2017). “London Bridge and Borough Market are ‘terrorist incidents’, according to Met Police”, http://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/london-bridge-borough-market-attack-incident-terror-terrorist-police-what-happened-latest-live-a7771636.html, erişim tarihi, 25.08.2017
  • Guardian, (2017). “Within eight minutes suspects were dead: timeline of the London Bridge attack”, https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2017/jun/04/within-eight-minutes-attackers-were-dead-timeline-of-the-london-bridge-attack, erişim tarihi, 25.08.2017
  • ITV, (2017). “Finsbury Park eyewitness: “attacker was saying ‘kill me’”, http://www.itv.com/news/london/2017-06-19/finsbury-park-eyewitness-attacker-was-saying-kill-me/, erişim tarihi, 25.08.2017.
  • Leenars, J., Alastair, R., (2016). “Understanding Lone Wolves: Towards a Theoretical Framework for Comparative Analysis, International Centre for Counter Terrorism
  • Mendick, R. (2017). “They shouted ‘this is for Allah’, as they stabbed indiscrimanetly’-How the London terror attack unfolded”, http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/06/04/shouted-allah-stabbed-indiscriminately-london-terror-attack/, erişim tarihi, 25.08.2017
  • Mortimer, C. (2017)., “Darren Osborne: Family of man arrested after Finsbury Park mosque terror attack says he is ‘troubled’ but ‘not racist’, http://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/crime/finsbury-park-mosque-terror-attack-muslims-darren-osborne-van-driver-family-neighbour-troubled-a7798256.html, erişim tarihi, 25.08.2017.
  • Oxford Sözlüğü, (2017). “militant”, https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/militant, erişim tarihi, 15.08.2015 Reneau, A., (2017). “Why are White Terrorists Labeled ‘Mentally Ill’, While Brown Terrorists Are ‘Just Evil’?”, http://www.scarymommy.com/terrorism-mental-illness/, erişim tarihi, 15.09.2017
  • Reuters, (2017). “ UK’s Rudd says London attackers probably ‘radical Islamist terrorists’”, http://www.reuters.com/article/us-britain-security-rudd-idUSKBN18V0JC?il=0, erişim tarihi, 25.08.2017
  • Schwartz, M., (2017). “White House Blames Exhaustion for Donald Trump’s “Islamic Terrorism” Dog Whistle In Saudi Arabia”, https://theintercept.com/2017/05/22/white-house-blames-exhaustion-for-donald-trumps-islamic-terrorism-dog-whistle-in-saudi-arabia/, erişim tarihi, 10.07.2017
  • Seydi, S., (2006) “Batının İslami Teröre Yaklaşımı”, http://www.stradigma.com/turkce/eylul2003/makale_01.html, ET. 13.10.2006. Sullivan, A., (2001). “This is a Religious War”, New York Times, 07.10.2001.
  • Telegraph, (2017). “Finsbury Park terror suspect ‘tried to kill himself and asked to be sectioned’, http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/06/21/finsbury-park-terror-suspect-tried-kill-asked-sectioned/, erişim tarihi, 15.09.2017
  • The Guardian, (2017).“London attack: ‘Aggressive’ and ‘strange’ suspect vowed to ‘do some damage’, https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2017/jun/19/several-casualties-reported-after-van-hits-pedestrians-in-north-london, erişim tarihi, 15.08.2017
  • The Guardian, (2017). “İslamic State claims responsibility for terror attack on London-as it happened”, https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/live/2017/jun/03/london-bridge-closed-after-serious-police-incident-live, erişim tarihi, 26.09.2017
  • The Independent, (2017). “London terror attack: Isis claims responsibility amid groups’ call for increased attacks’, https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/london-terror-attack-isis-claims-responsibility-borough-market-bridge-a7772776.html, erişim tarihi, 15.08.2017
  • The Irish Times, (2017). “London terror attack: who was Kharum Shazad Butt?”, https://www.irishtimes.com/news/world/uk/london-terror-attack-who-was-khuram-shazad-butt-1.3109174, erişim tarihi, 15.08.2017
  • The Sun, (2017). “Terror Rampage What happened in the London Bridge attack, how many victims were there and when is Borough Market reopening?, https://www.thesun.co.uk/news/3720295/london-bridge-attack-borough-market-opening-today-victims-terror-latest/, erişim tarihi, 15.08.2017
  • The Sun, (2017). “ ‘THIS IS FOR İSLAM’ Mum reveals London Bridge attacker yelled ‘about İslam’ before knifing her 23-year-old son in the stomach outside pub”, https://www.thesun.co.uk/news/3721965/london-bridge-attack-attacker-islam-stabs-son/, erişim tarihi, 26.09.2017
  • The Sun, (2017). “ ‘TWISTED AND MISUSED’ Archbishop of Canterburry Justin Welby says no one can claim Islam had nothing to do with London Bridge terror attacks, https://www.thesun.co.uk/news/3725033/london-bridge-attack-archbishop-justin-welby-islam/, erişim tarihi, 26.09.2017
  • The Sun, (2017). “THE REAL ISLAM Muslims hand out 3000 roses at London Bridge as a symbol of love following the Borough Market terror attack, https://www.thesun.co.uk/news/3775239/london-bridge-muslims-hand-out-roses-symbol-borough-market-terror-attack/, erişim tarihi, 26.09.2017
  • The Telegraph, (2017). “Finsbury Park suspect ‘turned against Muslims’ after London Bridge attack, http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/06/19/finsbury-park-suspect-had-abused-muslim-neighbour/, erişim tarihi, 15.08.2017
  • The Telegraph, (2017). “Finsbury Park suspect ‘turned against Muslims’ after London Bridge attack”, http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/06/19/finsbury-park-suspect-had-abused-muslim-neighbour/, erişim tarihi, 25.09.2017
  • The Times, 25.08.1955.
  • The Times, (2017). “Jobless ‘lone wolf’ Darren Osborne held over attack on Finsbry Park mosque, erişim tarihi, 15.08.2017.
  • The Times, (2017b), “London Bridge terror attack editorial: democracy will prevail”, https://www.thetimes.co.uk/edition/comment/democracy-will-prevail-785f9bvsr?shareToken=1cbeeeb3ab504217aa14860ada2774e3, erişim tarihi, 15.08.2017
  • The Week, (2017). “How big a threat is white extremisim?, http://www.theweek.co.uk/85826/how-big-a-threat-is-white-extremism, erişim tarihi, 15.08.2017
  • Uluç, G., (2009). Medya ve Oryantalizm Yabancı, Farklı ve Garip… Öteki, Anahtar Kitaplar, İstanbul Wrench, J., ve Solomos, J., (1993). Racism and Migration in Western Europe, Berg, Oxford
There are 45 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Ayhan Küngerü

Güliz Uluç

Publication Date December 30, 2018
Submission Date November 30, 2017
Acceptance Date August 1, 2018
Published in Issue Year 2018 Volume: 4 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Küngerü, A., & Uluç, G. (2018). BATI MEDYASINDA TERÖRÜN İSLAM’LA İLİŞKİLENDİRİLMESİ SORUNU. The Journal of International Lingual Social and Educational Sciences, 4(2), 296-309.
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