A New Technological Application Field for Lavender and Economic Profit Analysis for Agricultural Producers
Year 2023,
, 2185 - 2194, 01.09.2023
Ayça Nur Şahin Demirel
,
Fatmagül Bagı
,
Bünyamin Yıldırım
,
Serkan Demirel
Abstract
Nowadays, the energy and agriculture sectors are united for financial efficiency, and it brought the question to minds “can be stored the electrical energy that used in agriculture with an agricultural product?”. In this study, lavender essential oil, it obtained from Lavandula angustifolia, was used as a part of energy storage system. The essential oil was produced by distillation method. To energy storage performance analysis, the simple electrochemical capacitor was formed with platin foils and lavender essential oil. The capacitor application performances showed that the lavender essential oil can energy storage up to 4 Voltages (V). A capacity of 92 milli-Farad per cm2 (mF/cm2) was obtained with Lavender essential oil in the range of 0-4 V, and this value showed that lavender essential oil can be used in capacitors, as an electrolyte material. The results when evaluated in terms of agricultural economics, 1 million capacitors with a size of 1 cm2 can be produced with 1 ton lavender crops production per decare. Moreover, with lavender capacitors, the amount of energy required for a farm of 1000 hectares can be stored with 1000 capacitors of 10 cm2. Also, the stored energy is more than the farm's annual energy consumption, saving the farm ~534 USD annually on energy costs. In the case that all farm energy is produced with renewable energy sources, the annual profit is calculated as ~23697 USD. Also, the exploring of electrochemical capacitor electrolyte property of lavender essential oil could create an alternative sales pitch for agricultural producers.
Supporting Institution
TÜRKİYE BİLİMSEL VE TEKNOLOJİK ARAŞTIRMA KURUMU (TÜBİTAK)
Thanks
This study was financially supported by The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (Grant No:120F319)
References
- Anonymous. (2021). Electricity prices. Access address: https://tr.globalpetrolprices.com/electricity_prices/. (Accessed date: November 30, 2021).
- Aroonsrimorakot, S., Laiphrakpam, M., Paisantanakij, W. (2021). Application of Innovative Eco-Friendly Energy Technology for Sustainable Agricultural Farming. In: Chakraborty C. (eds). Green Technological Innovation for Sustainable Smart Societies. India, Springer (p. 211-231) doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-73295-0_10
- Babu, R., Raj, S., Prasad, B.R.V. (2021). A Review at the Utilization of Renewable Energy in an Agricultural Operation. Biophysical Economics and Sustainability, 6, 9. doi: 10.1007/s41247-021-00092-9
- Beetham, J., Entwistle, T. (1982). The Cultivated Lavenders. Royal Botanic Gardens, Melbourne.
- Ceylan, A., Vomel A., Kaya N., Celik N., Nigdeli E. (1988). A investigation on effects to yield and qulity of plant space in lavender. Ege University Journal of Agriculture Faculty, 25, 135-145.
- Chu, Y., Xiong, S., Li, B., Qian, Y., Xi, B. (2016). Designed Formation of MnO2@NiO/NiMoO4 Nanowires@Nanosheets Hierarchical Structures with Enhanced Pseudocapacitive Properties. ChemElectroChem, 3, 1347-1353. doi: 10.1002/celc.201600146
- Cicek, K., Demirel, S. (2021). Self-healable PVA–graphite–borax as electrode and electrolyte properties for smart and flexible supercapacitor applications. Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics, 32, 16335–16345. doi: 10.1007/s10854-021-06186-w
- David, B.R., Spencer, S., Miller, J., Almahmoud, S., Jouhara, H. (2021). Comparative environmental life cycle assessment of conventional energy storage system and innovative thermal energy storage system. International Journal of Thermofluid Science and Technology, 12, 100116. doi: 10.1016/j.ijft.2021.100116
- Demirel, S., Topkaya, R., Cicek, K. (2023). Co-doped PVA-borax anodic supercapacitors with high capacity and self-healability features. Solid State Ionics, 396, 116230. doi: 10.1016/j.ssi.2023.116230.
- Fuchs, C., Poehls, A., Skau, K., Kasten, J. (2021). Economics of Battery Use in Agriculture: Economic Viability of Renewable Energy Complemented with Batteries in Agriculture. Energies, 14, 2430.
- Fujii, Y., Muramoto, Y., Shimizu, N. (2010). Analysis of Electric Double Layer in Aqueous Solutions of Sodium Chloride, 2010 Annual Report Conference on Electrical Insulation and Dielectric Phenomena, (s. 1-4), West Lafayette, IN, USA. doi: 10.1109/CEIDP.2010.5724027
- Gorjian, S., Ebadi, H., Najafi, G., Chandel, S.S., Yildizhan, H. (2021). Recent advances in net-zero energy greenhouses and adapted thermal energy storage systems. Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments, 43, 100940. doi: 10.1016/j.seta.2020.100940
- Guenther, E., (1952). The Essential Oils, R.E. Krieger Publication Coorparation, 5, 3-38.
- Javed, M., Zahoor, M., Mazari, S.A., Qureshi, S.S., Sabzoi, N., Jatoi, A.S., Mubarak, N.M. (2021). An overview of effect of process parameters for removal of CO2 using biomass-derived adsorbents. Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery. doi: 10.1007/s13399-021-01548-0
- Kara, N., Baydar, H. (2013). Determination of Lavender and Lavandin Cultivars (Lavandula sp.) Containing High Quality Essential Oil in Isparta, Turkey. Turkish Journal of Field Crops, 18, 58-65.
- Kara, N., Baydar, H. (2013). Lavantanın Uçucu Yağ Oranı ve Kalitesine Distilasyon Suyuna Eklenen Katkı Maddelerinin Etkisi. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Ziraat fakültesi Dergisi, 8, 52-58.
- Kiss, A.A. (2014). Distillation technology – still young and full of breakthrough opportunities. Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology, 89, 479-498. doi: 10.1002/jctb.4262
- Kucuk, I., Onal, Y. & Basar, C. (2021). The Activated Carbon from Walnut Shell Using CO2 and Methylene Blue Removal. Dicle University Journal of Engineering, 12, 297-308. doi: 10.24012/dumf.816317
- Liu, Y., Shi, K., Zhitomirsky, I. (2017). Asymmetric supercapacitor, based on composite MnO2-graphene and N-doped activated carbon coated carbon nanotube electrodes, Electrochimica Acta, 233, 142-150. doi: 10.1016/j.electacta.2017.03.028
- Malloggi, E., Menicucci, D., Cesari, V., Frumento, S., Gemignani, A., Bertoli, A. (2022). Lavender aromatherapy: A systematic review from essential oil quality and administration methods to cognitive enhancing effects. Applied Psychology: Health and Well-Being, 14, 663-690. URL: 10.1111/aphw.12310
- Oliveira, D.Q., Saavedra, O.R., Santos-Pereira, K., Pereira, J.D.F., Cosme, D.S., Veras, L.S., Bento, R.G., Riboldi, V.B. (2021). A critical review of energy storage technologies for microgrids. Energy Systems, doi: 10.1007/s12667-021-00464-6
- Shi, K., Zhitomirsky, I. (2005). Asymmetric Supercapacitors Based on Activated-Carbon-Coated Carbon Nanotubes. ChemElectroChem, 2, 396-403. doi: 10.1002/celc.201402343
- Sönmez, Ç., Okkaoğlu, H. (2019). Çukurova Ekolojik Koşullarında Lavender (Lavandula angustifolia Mill.) de Diurnal Varyabilitenin Bazı Verim ve Kalite Özelliklerine Etkisinin Belirlenmesi, Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology, 7, 531.
- Tomasz, R., Aleksandra, P., Bogdan, K., Piotr, B., Aneta, B.-B. & Konrad, M. (2021). Changes in Energy Consumption in Agriculture in the EU Countries. Energies, 14, 1570. doi: 10.3390/en14061570
- Usman, M., Makhdum, M.S.A. (2021). What abates ecological footprint in BRICS-T region? Exploring the influence of renewable energy, non-renewable energy, agriculture, forest area and financial development. Renewable Energy, 179, 12-28. doi: 10.1016/j.renene.2021.07.014
- Wang, C., Cao, L., Huang, J., Li, J., Kajiyoshi, K. (2021). Divergent thinking and its application in biomass carbon electrode preparation. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 138, 110564. doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2020.110564
- Yilmaz, M.A. (2018). Essential Oil Composition of Lavandin (Lavandula x intermedia) cultivated in Bismil-Turkey. 6th International Symposium on Innovative Technologies in Engineering and Science. Antalya – Turkey.
Lavanta İçin Yeni Bir Teknolojik Uygulama Alanı ve Tarımsal Üreticiler İçin Ekonomik Kar Analizi
Year 2023,
, 2185 - 2194, 01.09.2023
Ayça Nur Şahin Demirel
,
Fatmagül Bagı
,
Bünyamin Yıldırım
,
Serkan Demirel
Abstract
Enerji ve tarım sektörlerinin finansal verimlilik için birleştiği günümüzde, “tarımda kullanılan elektrik enerjisi bir tarım ürünü ile depolanabilir mi?” sorusunu akıllara getirmiştir. Bu çalışmada, enerji depolama sisteminin bir parçası olarak Lavandula angustifolia'dan elde edilen lavanta esansiyel yağı kullanılmıştır. Uçucu yağ damıtma yöntemiyle üretilmiştir. Enerji depolama performans analizi için platin folyolar ve lavanta esansiyel yağı ile basit elektrokimyasal kondansatör oluşturulmuştur. Kondansatör uygulama performansları, lavanta esansiyel yağının 4 Volt'a (V) kadar enerji depolayabildiğini göstermiştir. Lavanta esansiyel yağı ile 0-4 V aralığında 92 mili-Farad/cm2 (mF/cm2) kapasite elde edilmiş ve bu değer lavanta esansiyel yağının kapasitörlerde elektrolit malzemesi olarak kullanılabileceğini göstermiştir. Sonuçlar tarım ekonomisi açısından değerlendirildiğinde dekara 1 ton lavanta bitkisi üretimi ile 1 cm2 büyüklüğünde 1 milyon kapasitör üretilebilmektedir. Ayrıca lavanta kondansatörler ile 1000 hektarlık bir çiftlik için gereken enerji miktarı 10 cm2'lik 1000 kondansatör ile depolanabilmektedir. Ayrıca, depolanan enerji, çiftliğin yıllık enerji tüketiminden daha fazladır ve çiftliğin enerji maliyetlerinde yılda ~534 USD tasarruf sağlar. Çiftlik enerjisinin tamamının yenilenebilir enerji kaynakları ile üretilmesi durumunda yıllık kar ~23697 USD olarak hesaplanmıştır. Ayrıca, lavanta esansiyel yağının elektrokimyasal kapasitör elektrolit özelliğinin araştırılması, tarım üreticileri için alternatif bir satış sahası oluşturabilir.
References
- Anonymous. (2021). Electricity prices. Access address: https://tr.globalpetrolprices.com/electricity_prices/. (Accessed date: November 30, 2021).
- Aroonsrimorakot, S., Laiphrakpam, M., Paisantanakij, W. (2021). Application of Innovative Eco-Friendly Energy Technology for Sustainable Agricultural Farming. In: Chakraborty C. (eds). Green Technological Innovation for Sustainable Smart Societies. India, Springer (p. 211-231) doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-73295-0_10
- Babu, R., Raj, S., Prasad, B.R.V. (2021). A Review at the Utilization of Renewable Energy in an Agricultural Operation. Biophysical Economics and Sustainability, 6, 9. doi: 10.1007/s41247-021-00092-9
- Beetham, J., Entwistle, T. (1982). The Cultivated Lavenders. Royal Botanic Gardens, Melbourne.
- Ceylan, A., Vomel A., Kaya N., Celik N., Nigdeli E. (1988). A investigation on effects to yield and qulity of plant space in lavender. Ege University Journal of Agriculture Faculty, 25, 135-145.
- Chu, Y., Xiong, S., Li, B., Qian, Y., Xi, B. (2016). Designed Formation of MnO2@NiO/NiMoO4 Nanowires@Nanosheets Hierarchical Structures with Enhanced Pseudocapacitive Properties. ChemElectroChem, 3, 1347-1353. doi: 10.1002/celc.201600146
- Cicek, K., Demirel, S. (2021). Self-healable PVA–graphite–borax as electrode and electrolyte properties for smart and flexible supercapacitor applications. Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics, 32, 16335–16345. doi: 10.1007/s10854-021-06186-w
- David, B.R., Spencer, S., Miller, J., Almahmoud, S., Jouhara, H. (2021). Comparative environmental life cycle assessment of conventional energy storage system and innovative thermal energy storage system. International Journal of Thermofluid Science and Technology, 12, 100116. doi: 10.1016/j.ijft.2021.100116
- Demirel, S., Topkaya, R., Cicek, K. (2023). Co-doped PVA-borax anodic supercapacitors with high capacity and self-healability features. Solid State Ionics, 396, 116230. doi: 10.1016/j.ssi.2023.116230.
- Fuchs, C., Poehls, A., Skau, K., Kasten, J. (2021). Economics of Battery Use in Agriculture: Economic Viability of Renewable Energy Complemented with Batteries in Agriculture. Energies, 14, 2430.
- Fujii, Y., Muramoto, Y., Shimizu, N. (2010). Analysis of Electric Double Layer in Aqueous Solutions of Sodium Chloride, 2010 Annual Report Conference on Electrical Insulation and Dielectric Phenomena, (s. 1-4), West Lafayette, IN, USA. doi: 10.1109/CEIDP.2010.5724027
- Gorjian, S., Ebadi, H., Najafi, G., Chandel, S.S., Yildizhan, H. (2021). Recent advances in net-zero energy greenhouses and adapted thermal energy storage systems. Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments, 43, 100940. doi: 10.1016/j.seta.2020.100940
- Guenther, E., (1952). The Essential Oils, R.E. Krieger Publication Coorparation, 5, 3-38.
- Javed, M., Zahoor, M., Mazari, S.A., Qureshi, S.S., Sabzoi, N., Jatoi, A.S., Mubarak, N.M. (2021). An overview of effect of process parameters for removal of CO2 using biomass-derived adsorbents. Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery. doi: 10.1007/s13399-021-01548-0
- Kara, N., Baydar, H. (2013). Determination of Lavender and Lavandin Cultivars (Lavandula sp.) Containing High Quality Essential Oil in Isparta, Turkey. Turkish Journal of Field Crops, 18, 58-65.
- Kara, N., Baydar, H. (2013). Lavantanın Uçucu Yağ Oranı ve Kalitesine Distilasyon Suyuna Eklenen Katkı Maddelerinin Etkisi. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Ziraat fakültesi Dergisi, 8, 52-58.
- Kiss, A.A. (2014). Distillation technology – still young and full of breakthrough opportunities. Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology, 89, 479-498. doi: 10.1002/jctb.4262
- Kucuk, I., Onal, Y. & Basar, C. (2021). The Activated Carbon from Walnut Shell Using CO2 and Methylene Blue Removal. Dicle University Journal of Engineering, 12, 297-308. doi: 10.24012/dumf.816317
- Liu, Y., Shi, K., Zhitomirsky, I. (2017). Asymmetric supercapacitor, based on composite MnO2-graphene and N-doped activated carbon coated carbon nanotube electrodes, Electrochimica Acta, 233, 142-150. doi: 10.1016/j.electacta.2017.03.028
- Malloggi, E., Menicucci, D., Cesari, V., Frumento, S., Gemignani, A., Bertoli, A. (2022). Lavender aromatherapy: A systematic review from essential oil quality and administration methods to cognitive enhancing effects. Applied Psychology: Health and Well-Being, 14, 663-690. URL: 10.1111/aphw.12310
- Oliveira, D.Q., Saavedra, O.R., Santos-Pereira, K., Pereira, J.D.F., Cosme, D.S., Veras, L.S., Bento, R.G., Riboldi, V.B. (2021). A critical review of energy storage technologies for microgrids. Energy Systems, doi: 10.1007/s12667-021-00464-6
- Shi, K., Zhitomirsky, I. (2005). Asymmetric Supercapacitors Based on Activated-Carbon-Coated Carbon Nanotubes. ChemElectroChem, 2, 396-403. doi: 10.1002/celc.201402343
- Sönmez, Ç., Okkaoğlu, H. (2019). Çukurova Ekolojik Koşullarında Lavender (Lavandula angustifolia Mill.) de Diurnal Varyabilitenin Bazı Verim ve Kalite Özelliklerine Etkisinin Belirlenmesi, Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology, 7, 531.
- Tomasz, R., Aleksandra, P., Bogdan, K., Piotr, B., Aneta, B.-B. & Konrad, M. (2021). Changes in Energy Consumption in Agriculture in the EU Countries. Energies, 14, 1570. doi: 10.3390/en14061570
- Usman, M., Makhdum, M.S.A. (2021). What abates ecological footprint in BRICS-T region? Exploring the influence of renewable energy, non-renewable energy, agriculture, forest area and financial development. Renewable Energy, 179, 12-28. doi: 10.1016/j.renene.2021.07.014
- Wang, C., Cao, L., Huang, J., Li, J., Kajiyoshi, K. (2021). Divergent thinking and its application in biomass carbon electrode preparation. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 138, 110564. doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2020.110564
- Yilmaz, M.A. (2018). Essential Oil Composition of Lavandin (Lavandula x intermedia) cultivated in Bismil-Turkey. 6th International Symposium on Innovative Technologies in Engineering and Science. Antalya – Turkey.