Effect of Environmental Conditions on Biofilm Formation in Thermophilic Geobacillus kaustophilus

Year 2023, , 1562 - 1572, 01.09.2023

Fatma İnci Özdemir

https://doi.org/10.21597/jist.1295306

Abstract

Bacillus are spore-forming microorganisms that are broadly found in many environments. It is known that these microorganisms are important contaminants of many systems such as the food industry, heating systems, treatment systems and they form biofilm layers in these areas. Since most of these bacteria are important indicators in the food industry and cause energy loss in many industrial systems, it is extremely important to combat the biofilm structures they form. In this study, the effect of various environmental factors on the biofilm formation of Geobacillus kaustophilus (Gk) a thermophilic microorganism, on the polystyrene surface was investigated. Gk formed a biofilm on the polystyrene surface and the best adhesion was obtained at 168 hours. The temperature required for optimum biofilm formation was determined as 55 °C, where optimum growth occurred. While the highest biofilm formation was observed in the presence of 5% glucose and 3% NaCl separately, the most effective concentrations of sugar and salt together were determined as 3% and 1,5%, respectively. Biofilm formation was inhibited in the combination of 5% glucose and 3% NaCl. Presence of cell wall denaturing agents such as SDS and lysozyme reduced/prevented biofilm formation in vegetative cells and lysozyme treatment was found to be more effective than SDS in biofilm formation.

Keywords

Biofilm, Geobacillus kaustophilus DSM 7263T, Polystyrene surfaces

Çevresel Koşulların Termofilik Geobacillus kaustophilus’da Biyofilm Oluşumu Üzerinde Etkisi

Abstract

Bacilluslar farklı çevrelerde yaygın olarak bulunan ve spor oluşturan mikroorganizmalardır. Bu mikroorganizmaların gıda endüstrisi, ısıtma ve arıtma sistemleri gibi pek çok alanda önemli kontaminant oldukları ve bu sistemler içinde biyofilm tabakaları oluşturdukları bilinmektedir. Bu bakterilerin büyük çoğunluğu hem gıda sektöründe önemli indikatörler olmaları, hem de pek çok endüstriyel sistemde enerji kaybına sebep olduklarından dolayı oluşturdukları biyofilm yapılarıyla mücadele son derece önem taşımaktadır. Bu çalışmada termofilik bir mikroorganizma olan Geobacillus kaustophilus’un polistiren yüzey üzerinde biyofilm oluşumuna çeşitli çevresel faktörlerin etkisi araştırılmıştır. Bu bakteri polistiren yüzey üzerinde biyofilm oluşturarak en iyi tutunmayı 168. saatte gerçekleştirmiştir. Optimum biyofilm oluşumu için gerekli sıcaklık maksimum büyümenin gerçekleştiği 55 °C olarak tespit edilmiştir. En yüksek biyofilm oluşumu %5 glikoz ve %3 NaCl’ün ayrı ayrı varlığında gözlenirken, şeker ve tuzun birlikte en etkili konsantrasyonları sırasıyla %3 ve %1.5 olarak belirlenmiştir. %5 glukoz ve %3 NaCl oranında ise biyofilm oluşumu inhibe olmuştur. Isı şoku ve UV uygulanan hücrelerde ise tutunma gözlenmemiştir. SDS ve lizozim gibi hücre duvarını denatüre edici ajanların varlığı vejetatif hücrelerde biyofilm oluşumunu azaltmış/engellerken lizozim muamelesinin SDS’e oranla biyofilm oluşumunda daha etkili olduğu saptanmıştır.

Keywords

Biyofilm, Geobacillus kaustophilus DSM 7263T, Polistiren yüzeyler

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