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Preparation and Electo-optical Characterization of Poly (N-Vinyl Carbazole) Magnetite Composites

Year 2019, , 187 - 194, 01.03.2019
https://doi.org/10.21597/jist.439051

Abstract

In this study, the magnetic particles were prepared through the chemical method, using the mixing a water solution of FeCl2.4H2O (1.0 M) and FeCl3.6H2O (1.5 M). Different weight percentage of magnetite (0%, 1% and 5%) and N-vinyl carbazole (NVC) were placed into 20 mL of NMP and chemical polymerization was performed by using AIBN as iniator at 70 ˚C for 24 h. These composites are characterized by methods such as SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy, and UV-Vis (Ultraviolet-visible Spectroscopy). Thanks to these methods it can be inform about morphology and optical properties of the samples. Moreover, dielectric measurement of the samples have been done by impedance spectroscopy.

References

  • Abe SY, Bernede, JC, Delvalle, MA, Tregouet Y, Ragot F, Diaz FR, Lefrant, S 2002. Electroluminescent polycarbazole thin films obtained by electrochemical polymerization. Synthetic metals, 126 (1): 1-6.
  • Ahlatcıoğlu Özerol E, Şenkal BF, Okutan M, 2015. Preparation and characterization of graphite composites of polyaniline. Microelectronic Engineering, 146 : 76-80.
  • Boddula R, Srinivasan P 2014. Benzoyl Peroxide Oxidation Route to the Synthesis of Solvent Soluble Polycarbazole. International Scholarly Research Notices, 2014 : 1-9.
  • Brar AS, Kaur S, 2006. Atom transfer radical polymerization of N‐vinyl carbazole: Optimization to characterization. Journal of Polymer Science: Part A: Polymer Chemistry, 44 (5): 1745–1757.
  • Cloutet E, Yammine P, Ades D, Siove A. 1999. Electroactive multifunctional telechelic stairs-shaped poly (bicarbazyl-alkylene)s. Synthetic metals, 102 (1-3): 1302-1303.
  • Donat-Bouillud A, Mazerolle L, Gagnon P, Goldenberg L, Petty MC, Leclerc, M 1997. Synthesis, characterization, and processing of new electroactive and photoactive polyesters derived from oligothiophenes. Chemistry of materials, 9 (12): 2815-2821.
  • Grazulevicius JV, Stroghriegl P, Pielichowski J, Pielichowsk K, 2003. Carbazole-containing polymers: synthesis, properties and applications. Prog. Polym. Sci., 28 (9): 1297–1353.
  • Gu HB, Huang YD, Zhang X, Wang Q, Zhu Z, Shao L, Haldolaarachchige N, Young DP, Wei S, Guo Z, 2012. Magnetoresistive polyaniline-magnetite nanocomposites with negative dielectrical properties. Polymer, 53 (3) :801-809.
  • Hariani PL, Faizal M, Ridwan R, Marsi M, Setiabudidaya D, 2013. Synthesis and Properties of Fe3O4 Nanoparticles by Co-precipitation Method to Removal Procion Dye. International Journal of Environmental Science and Development, 4 (3): 336-340.
  • Huang J, Niu Y, Yang W, Mo Y, Yuan M, Cao Y. 2002. Novel electroluminescent polymers derived from carbazole and benzothiadiazole. Macromolecules, 35 (16): 6080-6082.
  • Iraqi A, Wataru I, 2004. 3,6‐linked 9‐alkyl‐9H‐carbazole main‐chain polymers: Preparation and properties. J. Polym. Sci. A: Polym. Chem., 42 (23): 6041–6051.
  • Jolivet JP, Tronc E, 1988. Interfacial electron transfer in colloidal spinel iron oxide. Conversion of Fe3O4-γFe2O3 in aqueous medium. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 125: 688-701.
  • Kurlyandskaya GV, Cunanan J, Bhagat SM, Aphesteguy JC, Jacobo SE, 2007. Field-induced microwave absorption in Fe3O4 nanoparticles and Fe3O4/polyaniline composites synthesized by different methods J. Phys. Chem.Solids, 68 (8): 1527-1532.
  • Laranjeiras JMG, Khoury HJ, Azevedo WM, Silva EF, Vasconcelos EA, 2002. Conducting Polymer/Silicon Heterojunction Diode for Gamma Radiation Detection. Radiat. Prot. Dosim. 101 (1): 85-88.
  • Laranjeiras JMG, Khoury HJ, Azevedo WM, Silva EF, Vasconcelos EA, 2002. Fabrication of high quality silicon–polyaniline heterojunctions. Appl. Surf. Sci., 190 (1): 390-394.
  • Lei W, Si W, Xu Y, Gu Z, Hao Q. 2014. Conducting polymer composites with graphene for use in chemical sensors and biosensors. Microchimica acta, 181 (7-8): 707-722.
  • Meller A, 1983. Gmelin Handbuch der Anorganische Chemie, Boron Compounds, 2nd Supplement Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
  • Morin JF, Leclerc M, Ades D, Siove A, 2005. Polycarbazoles: 25 Years of Progress. Macromol. Rapid Commun. 26 (10): 761–778.
  • Özdemir ZG, Canli NY, Senkal BF, Gürsel, Y, Okutan M, 2015. Super-capacitive behavior of carbon nano tube doped 11-(4-cyanobiphenyl-4-oxy) undecan-1-ol. Journal of Molecular Liquids, 211: 442-447.
  • Phang SW, Kuramoto N, 2010. Microwave absorption property of polyaniline nanocomposites containing TiO2 and Fe3O4 nanoparticles after FeCl36H2O treatment. Polym.Compos. 31 (3): 516-523.
  • Ravindranadh K, Rao MC 2013. Physical properties and applications of conducting polymers: an overview. Int J Adv Pharm Biol Chem, 2: 190-200.
  • Siove A, Ades D, 2004. Synthesis by oxidative polymerization with FeCl3 of a fully aromatic twisted poly (3, 6-carbazole) with a blue-violet luminescence. Polymer, 45(12): 4045-4049.
  • Taoudi H, Bernede JC, Del Valle M A, Bonnet A, Morsli M, 2001. Influence of the electrochemical conditions on the properties of polymerized carbazole. Journal of materials science, 36 (3): 631-634.
  • Wakim S, Aïch BR, Tao Y, Leclerc M, 2008. Charge transport, photovoltaic, and thermoelectric properties of poly (2, 7‐carbazole) and poly (indolo [3, 2‐b] carbazole) derivatives. Polymer Reviews, 48 (3): 432-462.
  • Wrighton MS, 1986. Surface functionalization of electrodes with molecular reagents. Science. 231 (4733): 32-37.
  • Xu L, Su C, Zhang C, Ma, C, 2011. Electrosynthesis and characterization of a novel electrochromic copolymer based on 1, 4-bis (3-hexylthiophen-2-yl) benzene and perylene dye. Synthetic Metals, 161 (17-18): 1856-1860.
  • Yoo D, Kim J, Kim, JH, 2014. Direct synthesis of highly conductive poly (3, 4-ethylenedioxythiophene): poly (4-styrenesulfonate)(PEDOT: PSS)/graphene composites and their applications in energy harvesting systems. Nano Research, 7 (5): 717-730.
  • Yoon, H, 2013. Current trends in sensors based on conducting polymer nanomaterials. Nanomaterials, 3 (3): 524-549.
  • Zhong J, Gao S, Xue G, Wang B, 2015. Study on enhancement mechanism of conductivity induced by graphene oxide for polypyrrole nanocomposites. Macromolecules, 48 (5): 1592-1597.

Poli (N-Vinil Karbazol) Magnetit Kompozitlerinin Hazırlanışı ve Elektro-optik Karakterizasyonu

Year 2019, , 187 - 194, 01.03.2019
https://doi.org/10.21597/jist.439051

Abstract

Bu çalışmada manyetik partiküller, FeCl2.4H2O (1.0 M) ve FeCl3.6H2O (1.5 M) sulu çözeltisinin karıştırılması ile kimyasal yöntemle sentezlendi. Farklı ağırlık yüzdesine sahip magnetit (% 0, % 1 ve % 5) ve N-vinil karbazol, 20 mL NMP içine yerleştirilerek başlatıcı olarak AIBN kullanılarak 70 °C 'de 24 saat boyunca kimyasal polimerizasyon ile yapılmıştır. Bu kompozitler, SEM (Taramalı Elektron Mikroskobu) ve UV-Vis (UV-Görünür Bölge) spektroskopisi ile karakterize edilmiş olup, bu yöntemler sayesinde örneklerin morfolojik ve optik özellikleri hakkında bilgi edinilebilmektedir. Ayrıca, kompozitlerin dielektrik karakterizasyonları, empedans spektroskopisi ile araştırılmıştır.

References

  • Abe SY, Bernede, JC, Delvalle, MA, Tregouet Y, Ragot F, Diaz FR, Lefrant, S 2002. Electroluminescent polycarbazole thin films obtained by electrochemical polymerization. Synthetic metals, 126 (1): 1-6.
  • Ahlatcıoğlu Özerol E, Şenkal BF, Okutan M, 2015. Preparation and characterization of graphite composites of polyaniline. Microelectronic Engineering, 146 : 76-80.
  • Boddula R, Srinivasan P 2014. Benzoyl Peroxide Oxidation Route to the Synthesis of Solvent Soluble Polycarbazole. International Scholarly Research Notices, 2014 : 1-9.
  • Brar AS, Kaur S, 2006. Atom transfer radical polymerization of N‐vinyl carbazole: Optimization to characterization. Journal of Polymer Science: Part A: Polymer Chemistry, 44 (5): 1745–1757.
  • Cloutet E, Yammine P, Ades D, Siove A. 1999. Electroactive multifunctional telechelic stairs-shaped poly (bicarbazyl-alkylene)s. Synthetic metals, 102 (1-3): 1302-1303.
  • Donat-Bouillud A, Mazerolle L, Gagnon P, Goldenberg L, Petty MC, Leclerc, M 1997. Synthesis, characterization, and processing of new electroactive and photoactive polyesters derived from oligothiophenes. Chemistry of materials, 9 (12): 2815-2821.
  • Grazulevicius JV, Stroghriegl P, Pielichowski J, Pielichowsk K, 2003. Carbazole-containing polymers: synthesis, properties and applications. Prog. Polym. Sci., 28 (9): 1297–1353.
  • Gu HB, Huang YD, Zhang X, Wang Q, Zhu Z, Shao L, Haldolaarachchige N, Young DP, Wei S, Guo Z, 2012. Magnetoresistive polyaniline-magnetite nanocomposites with negative dielectrical properties. Polymer, 53 (3) :801-809.
  • Hariani PL, Faizal M, Ridwan R, Marsi M, Setiabudidaya D, 2013. Synthesis and Properties of Fe3O4 Nanoparticles by Co-precipitation Method to Removal Procion Dye. International Journal of Environmental Science and Development, 4 (3): 336-340.
  • Huang J, Niu Y, Yang W, Mo Y, Yuan M, Cao Y. 2002. Novel electroluminescent polymers derived from carbazole and benzothiadiazole. Macromolecules, 35 (16): 6080-6082.
  • Iraqi A, Wataru I, 2004. 3,6‐linked 9‐alkyl‐9H‐carbazole main‐chain polymers: Preparation and properties. J. Polym. Sci. A: Polym. Chem., 42 (23): 6041–6051.
  • Jolivet JP, Tronc E, 1988. Interfacial electron transfer in colloidal spinel iron oxide. Conversion of Fe3O4-γFe2O3 in aqueous medium. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 125: 688-701.
  • Kurlyandskaya GV, Cunanan J, Bhagat SM, Aphesteguy JC, Jacobo SE, 2007. Field-induced microwave absorption in Fe3O4 nanoparticles and Fe3O4/polyaniline composites synthesized by different methods J. Phys. Chem.Solids, 68 (8): 1527-1532.
  • Laranjeiras JMG, Khoury HJ, Azevedo WM, Silva EF, Vasconcelos EA, 2002. Conducting Polymer/Silicon Heterojunction Diode for Gamma Radiation Detection. Radiat. Prot. Dosim. 101 (1): 85-88.
  • Laranjeiras JMG, Khoury HJ, Azevedo WM, Silva EF, Vasconcelos EA, 2002. Fabrication of high quality silicon–polyaniline heterojunctions. Appl. Surf. Sci., 190 (1): 390-394.
  • Lei W, Si W, Xu Y, Gu Z, Hao Q. 2014. Conducting polymer composites with graphene for use in chemical sensors and biosensors. Microchimica acta, 181 (7-8): 707-722.
  • Meller A, 1983. Gmelin Handbuch der Anorganische Chemie, Boron Compounds, 2nd Supplement Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
  • Morin JF, Leclerc M, Ades D, Siove A, 2005. Polycarbazoles: 25 Years of Progress. Macromol. Rapid Commun. 26 (10): 761–778.
  • Özdemir ZG, Canli NY, Senkal BF, Gürsel, Y, Okutan M, 2015. Super-capacitive behavior of carbon nano tube doped 11-(4-cyanobiphenyl-4-oxy) undecan-1-ol. Journal of Molecular Liquids, 211: 442-447.
  • Phang SW, Kuramoto N, 2010. Microwave absorption property of polyaniline nanocomposites containing TiO2 and Fe3O4 nanoparticles after FeCl36H2O treatment. Polym.Compos. 31 (3): 516-523.
  • Ravindranadh K, Rao MC 2013. Physical properties and applications of conducting polymers: an overview. Int J Adv Pharm Biol Chem, 2: 190-200.
  • Siove A, Ades D, 2004. Synthesis by oxidative polymerization with FeCl3 of a fully aromatic twisted poly (3, 6-carbazole) with a blue-violet luminescence. Polymer, 45(12): 4045-4049.
  • Taoudi H, Bernede JC, Del Valle M A, Bonnet A, Morsli M, 2001. Influence of the electrochemical conditions on the properties of polymerized carbazole. Journal of materials science, 36 (3): 631-634.
  • Wakim S, Aïch BR, Tao Y, Leclerc M, 2008. Charge transport, photovoltaic, and thermoelectric properties of poly (2, 7‐carbazole) and poly (indolo [3, 2‐b] carbazole) derivatives. Polymer Reviews, 48 (3): 432-462.
  • Wrighton MS, 1986. Surface functionalization of electrodes with molecular reagents. Science. 231 (4733): 32-37.
  • Xu L, Su C, Zhang C, Ma, C, 2011. Electrosynthesis and characterization of a novel electrochromic copolymer based on 1, 4-bis (3-hexylthiophen-2-yl) benzene and perylene dye. Synthetic Metals, 161 (17-18): 1856-1860.
  • Yoo D, Kim J, Kim, JH, 2014. Direct synthesis of highly conductive poly (3, 4-ethylenedioxythiophene): poly (4-styrenesulfonate)(PEDOT: PSS)/graphene composites and their applications in energy harvesting systems. Nano Research, 7 (5): 717-730.
  • Yoon, H, 2013. Current trends in sensors based on conducting polymer nanomaterials. Nanomaterials, 3 (3): 524-549.
  • Zhong J, Gao S, Xue G, Wang B, 2015. Study on enhancement mechanism of conductivity induced by graphene oxide for polypyrrole nanocomposites. Macromolecules, 48 (5): 1592-1597.
There are 29 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Metrology, Applied and Industrial Physics
Journal Section Fizik / Physics
Authors

Esma Ahlatcıoğlu Özerol 0000-0002-9202-4821

Publication Date March 1, 2019
Submission Date June 29, 2018
Acceptance Date September 27, 2018
Published in Issue Year 2019

Cite

APA Ahlatcıoğlu Özerol, E. (2019). Preparation and Electo-optical Characterization of Poly (N-Vinyl Carbazole) Magnetite Composites. Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology, 9(1), 187-194. https://doi.org/10.21597/jist.439051
AMA Ahlatcıoğlu Özerol E. Preparation and Electo-optical Characterization of Poly (N-Vinyl Carbazole) Magnetite Composites. Iğdır Üniv. Fen Bil Enst. Der. March 2019;9(1):187-194. doi:10.21597/jist.439051
Chicago Ahlatcıoğlu Özerol, Esma. “Preparation and Electo-Optical Characterization of Poly (N-Vinyl Carbazole) Magnetite Composites”. Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology 9, no. 1 (March 2019): 187-94. https://doi.org/10.21597/jist.439051.
EndNote Ahlatcıoğlu Özerol E (March 1, 2019) Preparation and Electo-optical Characterization of Poly (N-Vinyl Carbazole) Magnetite Composites. Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology 9 1 187–194.
IEEE E. Ahlatcıoğlu Özerol, “Preparation and Electo-optical Characterization of Poly (N-Vinyl Carbazole) Magnetite Composites”, Iğdır Üniv. Fen Bil Enst. Der., vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 187–194, 2019, doi: 10.21597/jist.439051.
ISNAD Ahlatcıoğlu Özerol, Esma. “Preparation and Electo-Optical Characterization of Poly (N-Vinyl Carbazole) Magnetite Composites”. Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology 9/1 (March 2019), 187-194. https://doi.org/10.21597/jist.439051.
JAMA Ahlatcıoğlu Özerol E. Preparation and Electo-optical Characterization of Poly (N-Vinyl Carbazole) Magnetite Composites. Iğdır Üniv. Fen Bil Enst. Der. 2019;9:187–194.
MLA Ahlatcıoğlu Özerol, Esma. “Preparation and Electo-Optical Characterization of Poly (N-Vinyl Carbazole) Magnetite Composites”. Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology, vol. 9, no. 1, 2019, pp. 187-94, doi:10.21597/jist.439051.
Vancouver Ahlatcıoğlu Özerol E. Preparation and Electo-optical Characterization of Poly (N-Vinyl Carbazole) Magnetite Composites. Iğdır Üniv. Fen Bil Enst. Der. 2019;9(1):187-94.