Evaluation of Food Codex in Terms of Agriculture and Food Products Foreign Trade

Abstract

Food is compulsory material that provides energy for the maintenance of human life. With the establishment World Trade Organization in 1994, the decision to reduce tariff barriers, increase technical and regulatory barriers in foreign trade of agricultural and food products was taken and the importance of food codex standards increased. The neccesity of making food codexs and updating based on scientific validity a large part of the export revenues was agricultural and food products negative affect to underdeveloped and developing countries, increased share of developed countries. In this study the development of food codex in the world and Turkey has been revealed and the effects of The WTO Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Photosanitary Measures (SPS) and The Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) which were initiated by the establishment of the WTO have been investigated and these developments have been proposed as solutions to increase the competitive power and share of Turkey’s agricultural and food product foreign trade.

Keywords

• Foreign Trade,World Trade Organization,Food Codex,Republic of Turkey

Gıda Kodekslerinin Tarım ve Gıda Ürünleri Dış Ticareti Bakımından İncelenmesi

Abstract

Gıda insanlığın yaşamanın sürdürmesi için enerji sağlayan ve tüketimi zorunlu bir maddedir. 1994 yılında Dünya Ticaret Örgütü’nün (WTO) kurulmasıyla tarım ve gıda ürünleri dış ticaretinde tarife engellerinin azaltılması, teknik ve düzenleyici engellerin artırılması kararı alınmış ve gıda kodeks standartlarının önemi artmıştır. Gıda kodekslerinin zorunlu hale getirilmesi ve bilimsel geçerliliğe dayalı olarak güncellenmesi ihracat gelirlerinin büyük bir kısmı tarım ve gıda ürünleri olan az gelişmiş ve gelişmekte olan ülkeleri olumsuz yönde etkilemiş, gelişmiş ülkelerin payını artırmıştır. Bu çalışmada gıda kodekslerinin dünyada ve ülkemizde gelişimi, WTO’nun kurulmasıyla uygulanmaya başlanan Sağlık ve Bitki Sağlığı (SPS) ve Ticarette Teknik Engeller (TBT) Anlaşmalarının uluslararası tarım ve gıda ürünleri dış ticaretinde etkileri incelenmiş ve bu gelişmeler ışığında Türkiye’nin tarım ve gıda ürünleri dış ticaretinde rekabet gücünün ve payını artması için öneriler getirilmiştir.

Keywords

• Dış ticaret,Dünya Ticaret Örgütü,gıda kodeksi,Türkiye

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