Detection of Viruses on Edible Seed Squash (Cucurbita pepo L.) in Yozgat Province, Turkey

Abstract

Cucurbits (Cucurbitaceae family) consist of 119 genera and 825 species and are cultivated worldwide, especially in tropical and subtropical regions. In the world, squash (Cucurbita pepo L.), watermelon (Citrullus lanatus (Thunb) Matsum&Nakai), cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.), and melon (C. melo L.) are the most cultivated cucurbit species as vegetable crops. Squash is grown for fresh consuming, as well as its seeds are used like a snack in Turkey. Viruses are one of the most destructive pathogen groups on squash which is grown for seeds in Yozgat province. In this study, it was aimed to determine the virus infections in economically important squash planting fields in the province. Totally 140 plant samples which show widespread virus symptoms such as mottling, shoe-string, mosaic, stunting, curling, vine decline, distortion, and blistering were collected from plants in 2017. In this study, DAS-ELISA method is used for identifying the virus infections on the plant samples. According to the results of the DAS-ELISA 84.28 % of plant samples were infected with Cucumber mosaic cucumovirus (CMV), Watermelon mosaic potyvirus (WMV), Papaya ring spot potyvirus-watermelon strain (PRSV-W), Zucchini yellow mosaic potyvirus (ZYMV), and Squash mosaic comovirus (SqMV). The prevalent virus was WMV with the ratio of 57.85 %. It was followed by ZYMV which was detected on the samples at the ratio of 53.57 %. Besides, double and multiple virus infections were determined commonly in the samples. Especially, ZYMV+WMV mixed infections were common. The infection of Cucumber green mottle mosaic tobamovirus (CGMMV) wasn’t determined in the survey area.

Keywords

• Yozgat,DAS-ELISA,Edible seed squash,WMV,ZYMV,ZYMV

Yozgat İli Çerezlik Kabak (Cucurbita pepo L.) Ekim Alanlarında Görülen Virüslerin Belirlenmesi

Abstract

Kabakgiller (Cucurbitaceae familyası), öncelikle tropik ve subtropikal bölgelerde dağılmış 119 cins ve 825 tür içerir. Kavun (Cucumis melo L.), salatalık (C. sativus L.), kabak (Cucurbita pepo L.) ve karpuz (Citrullus lanatus (Thunb) Matsum. & Nakai) gibi kabakgil türleri dünya çapında en fazla yetiştirilen ve önemli sebze bitkileridir. Kabak çekirdekleri, Türkiye gibi bazı Akdeniz ülkelerinde ve Almanya, Macaristan, Avusturya ve Çin’de çerez olarak kullanılmaktadır. Yozgat ili çerezlik kabak ekim alanlarında yetiştirilen çerezlik kabaklarda (Cucurbita pepo L.) özellikle viral hastalıklar yıkıcı olmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Yozgat çerezlik kabak ekim alanlarında sorun olan viral hastalıkların belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. 2017 yılında yapılan arazi çalışmalarında, mozaik, kıvırcıklaşma, beneklenme, iplik yapraklılık, bodurluk, yaprak ve meyvelerde şekil bozukluğu belirtileri gösteren bitkilerden toplam olarak 140 adet örnek toplanmıştır. Bu örneklerdeki virüsler, DAS-ELISA yöntemi ile belirlenmiştir. DAS-ELISA sonuçlarına göre; toplanan bitki örneklerinin %84.28’inin Zucchini Sarı Mozaik Virüsü (ZYMV), Karpuz Mozaik Virüsü (WMV), Hıyar Mozaik Virüsü (CMV), Papaya Halkalı Leke Virüsü-karpuz straini (PRSV-W) ve Kabak Mozaik Virüsü (SqMV) ile bulaşık olduğu saptanmıştır. WMV, çalışmanın gerçekleştirildiği üretim alanlarında %57.85 yaygınlık oranı ile en yaygın virüs olarak saptanmıştır. Bu virüsü ZYMV (53.57%) takip etmiştir. Aynı zamanda, kabak örneklerinde karışık enfeksiyonlar da oldukça yaygın olarak gözlenmiştir. Özellikle, ZYMV+WMV karışık enfeksiyonları bunların arasında en yaygın olarak saptanmıştır. Laboratuar çalışmaları sonucunda, üretim alanlarından toplanan bitki örneklerinde Hıyar Yeşil Beneklilik Mozaik Virüsü (CGMMV)’ne rastlanmamıştır.

Keywords

• Çerezlik kabak,Yozgat,DAS-ELISA,WMV,ZYMV,ZYMV

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