In Vivo Hepato-Nephroprotective Role of Nigella sativa Seed Extract Against Lead Nitrate [Pb(NO3)2] Induced Toxicity in Albino Mice

Abstract

In this study, toxic effects of lead nitrate [Pb(NO3)2] and the hepato-nephroprotective role of Nigella sativa seed extract (NSSE) against toxicity were studied in albino mice. For this aim, mice were randomly divided into six groups as: Group I treated with tap water, Group II: 300 mg kg-1 bw NSSE, Group III: 600 mg kg-1 bw NSSE, Group IV: 500 mg kg-1 bw Pb(NO3)2, Group V: 300 mg kg-1 bw NSSE+500 mg kg-1 bw Pb(NO3)2, Group VI: 600 mg kg-1 bw NSSE+500 mg kg-1 bw Pb(NO3)2. After experimental procedure the changes in blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST) levels of blood serum, glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels of liver and kidney tissues were investigated. And also histopathological examinations of liver and kidney tissues were studied. At result, significant increases were observed in BUN, creatinine, ALT, AST levels of mice treated with Pb(NO3)2. GSH levels were decreased, MDA levels were increased in kidney and liver tissues after Pb(NO3)2 treatment. In histopathological examinations binucleated cell, karyomegaly, stellate cell and bilirubin pigment deposit were observed in liver tissue while hyaline cast, thickening of the basement membrane, albumonid content and inflammatory leukocytes were observed in kidney tissue in Group IV. NSSE treatment in Group V and VI was ameliorated the toxic changes in level of serum parameters, GSH and MDA levels and histopathological damages of tested tissues. As a result, it was determined that NSSE decreases hepato-nephrotoxicity with a dose dependent manner induced by Pb(NO3)2 and leads to an improvement associated with its components.

Keywords

• Biochemical parameters,glutathione,lead nitrate,malondialdehyde,Nigella sativa seed extract

References

1. Abdullahi MS, 2013. Toxic Effects of Lead in Humans: an Overview. Global Advanced Research Journal of Environmental Science and Toxicology, 2 (6): 157-162.
2. Ahmad I, Tripathi J, Sharma M, Karchulli MS, Umer L, 2014. Nigella sativa - a Medicinal Herb with Immense Therapeutic Potential (a Systematic Review). International Journal of Biological & Pharmaceutical Research, 5: 755-762.
3. Beutler E, Duron O, Kelly BM, 1963. Improved Method for the Determination of Blood Glutathione. Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine, 61: 882-888.
4. Cavusoglu K, Yapar K, Oruc E, Yalcin E, 2011. The Protective Effect of Royal Jelly on chronic Lambda-Cyhalothrin Toxicity: Serum Biochemical Parameters, Lipid Peroxidation, and Genotoxic and Histopathological Alterations in Swiss Abino Mice. Journal of Medicinal Food, 14 (10): 1229-1237.
5. Ebert EC, Nagar M, 2008. Gastrointestinal Manifestations of Amyloidosis. American Journal of Gastroenterology, 103 (3): 776–787.
6. Flora SJS, Mittal M, Mehta A, 2008. Heavy Metal Induced Oxidative Stress & Its Possible Reversal by Chelation Therapy. Indian Journal of Medical Research, 128: 501–523.
7. Gilmore WJ, Kirby GM, 2004. Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Due To Altered Cellular Redox Status Positively Regulates Murine Hepatic CYP2A5 Expression. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, 308: 600–608.
8. Gur N, Topdemir A, Munzuroglu O, Cobanoglu D, 2004. Effects of Heavy Metals (Cu++, Pb++, Hg++, Cd++) on Pollen Germination and Tube Growth of Clivia sp. Fırat University Turkish Journal of Science & Technology,16 (2): 177-182.

9. Jones DP, 2002. Redox Potential of GSH/GSSG Couple: Assay and Biological Significance. Methods in Enzymology, 348: 93–112.
10. Kafadar F, Saygıdeger S, 2010. Determ Ination of Lead (Pb) Content in Some Agricultural Plants Irrigated with Industrial Waste Water Around Gaziantep Province. Ekoloji, 19 (75): 41-48.
11. Kasperczyk A, Slowinska-Lozynska L, Dobrakowski M, Zalejska-Fiolka J, Kasperczyk S, 2014. The Effect of Lead-Induced Oxidative Stress on Blood Viscosity and Rheological Properties of Erythrocytes in Lead Exposed Humans. Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, 56 (3): 187-195.
12. Kennedy CD, Gonsalves F, 1987. The Action of Divalent Zinc, Cadmium, Mercury, Copper and Lead on the Trans-Root Potential and Efflux of Excised Roots. Journal of Experimental Botany, 38 (5): 800-817.
13. Mazreku IN, Ahmetaj H, Aliko V, Bislimi K, Halili F, Halili J, 2017. Activity of Catalase (CAT), ALT and AST in Different Organs of Swiss Albino Mice Treated with Lead Acetate, Vitamin C and Magnesium-L-Threonate. Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research, 11 (11): 1-4.
14. Norsharina I, Maznah I, Aied AA, Ghanya AN, 2011. Thymoquinone Rich Fraction from Nigella sativa and Thymoquinone are Cytotoxic Towards Colon and Leukemic Carcinoma Cell Lines. Journal of Medicinal Plant Research, 5 (15): 3359-3366.
15. Pari L, Murugan P, 2004. Protective Role of Tetrahydrocurcumin Against Erythromycin Estolate induced Hepatotoxicity. Pharmacological Research, 49: 481-486.
16. Rastogi L, Feroz S, Pandey BN, Jagtap A, Mishra KP, 2010. Protection Against Radiation-Induced Oxidative Damage by an Ethanolic Extract of Nigella sativa L. International Journal of Radiation Biology, 86 (9): 719-731.
17. Shrivastava R, Agrawal R, Parveen Z, 2011. A Review on Therapeutic Applications of Nigella sativa. Journal of Chemical Sciences, 1: 241-248.
18. Stefano G, Fiume L, Domenicali M, Busi C, Chieco P, Kratz F, 2006. Doxorubicin Coupled to Lactosaminated Albumin: Effects on Rats with Liver Fibrosis and Cirrhosis. Digestive and Liver Disease, 38 (6): 404-408.
19. Yesmin F, Rahman Z, Dewan JF, Helali AM, Rahman NIA, Alattraqchi AG, Ahmed Arefuddin, Yousuf R, Salam A, Haque M, 2013. Hepatoprotective Role of the Aqueous and N-Hexane Extracts of Nigella sativa Linn. in Experimental Liver Damage in Rats. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research, 6: 205-209.
20. Yoshioka T, Kawada K, Shimada T, Mori M, 1979. Lipid Peroxidation in Maternal and Cord Blood and Protective Mechanism Against Activated-Oxygen Toxicity in the Blood. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 135 (3): 372-376.
21. Zhang J, Cao H, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Ma J, Wang J, Gao Y, Zhang X, Zhang F, Chu L, 2013. Nephroprotective Effect of Calcium Channel Blockers Against Toxicity of Lead Exposure in Mice. Toxicology Letters, 218 (3): 273-280.