Siyah Asker Sineğinin (Hermetia illucens L.) Yem Kaynağı Olarak Değerlendirilmesi

Abstract

Gıda, yem ve yakıta sürekli artan talebin karşılanması ve atıkların, özellikle de organik atıkların yönetilmesi büyük bir küresel problem haline gelmiştir. Mevcut organik atık yönetimi uygulamaları olan anaerobik sindirim, toprak dolgusu, atık arıtma ve kompostlama teknikleri sadece masraflı değil aynı zamanda yeraltı ve yüzey suyu kirliliği ve sera gazı emisyonları oluşturduklarından çevreye olumsuz etkilere de sahiptir. Böcekler, yüksek yağ içeriği, kısa ömür döngüleri ve yüksek üreme hızları nedeniyle biyodizel üretimi için hammadde kaynağı olarak büyük ilgi görmektedir. Ayrıca, yağ ekstraksiyonundan sonra hücre döküntüleri, suda yaşayan hayvanların, kümes hayvanlarının ve çiftlik hayvanlarının yetiştirilmesi için yüksek proteinli bir yem olarak kullanılabilmektedir. Diptera takımına ve Stratiomyidae familyasına ait bir böcek olan Siyah Asker Sineği, (BSF) (Hermetia illucens), gıda ile rekabet etmeden, organik atıklar içindeki çoğu besin ve enerjiyi BSF biokütlesine dönüştürme potansiyeline sahiptir. Yeryüzünde atıkları, BSF'den daha hızlı ve verimli bir şekilde tüketebilecek hiçbir canlı olmadığını gösterilmiştir. Bu derlemede, BSF larva küspesi ile ağırlıklı olarak tavuk ve balık besleme konusunda yapılmış uluslararası çalışmalar bir araya getirilmiştir. Siyah asker sineği ile büyükbaş ve küçükbaş hayvan besleme konusunda ise dünyada erişilebilir çalışma olmamasına rağmen bazı memelilerde çalışmalar yapılmıştır. Ayrıca BSF dışındaki diğer böcekleri içeren memeli besleme çalışmaları da bu konuda yapılabilecek çalışmalara temel sağlayabilecek düzeydedir.

Keywords

• Siyah asker sineği,larva,küspe,hayvan besleme

Evaluation of Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens L.) as a Feed Source

Abstract

Meeting the increasing demand for food, feed and fuel and managing waste, especially organic waste, has become a major global problem. Existing management practices for organic wastes like anaerobic digestion, landfill, waste treatment and composting techniques are not only costly, but also have negative impacts on the environment as they generate ground and surface water pollution and greenhouse gas emissions. Insects have attracted great attention in recent years as a source of raw materials for biodiesel production due to their high fat content, short life cycles and high reproduction rates. In addition, cell debris after oil extraction can be used as a high protein feed for the rearing of aquatic animals, poultry and livestock. The Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens), an insect belonging to the order Diptera and the family Stratiomyidae, has the potential to convert most nutrients and energy from organic waste into BSF biomass without competing with human food. It has been shown that there are no living things on earth that can consume wastes faster and more efficiently than BSF. In this article, it is aimed to review international studies on feding with BSF larvae meal especially chicken and fish. Although there are no accessible studies in the world about feeding cattle and sheeps with black soldier flies, some different mammals have been studied. In addition, mammal feeding studies including insects other than BSF are at a level that can provide the basis for the studies that can be conducted in this field.

Keywords

• Black soldier fly,larvae,meal,animal feding

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