Some Molecular Techniques Based on Polymerase Chain Reaction in Detection of Plant Pathogen Fungi

Abstract

Fungi are an important group of plant pathogens and cause devastating losses in cultivated plants. Accurate and early detection of plant pathogens is the first important step for reducing yield losses caused by the pathogens and developing the effective disease control methods. The characteristics used in classical identification of fungal pathogens are very variable and these methods based on the morphological characteristics are time consuming and require taxonomical expertise. Thus, many molecular techniques have been developed for the identification of determination of plant pathogens and used widely in surveys, epidemiological studies, plant quarantine, seed certification, breeding programs, and fungicide resistance. The aim of this study was to provide detailed information about routinely used developed molecular techniques based on PCR (loop mediated isothermal amplification, magnetic capture hybridization, fluorescent in situ hybridization, next genaration sequencing, Real-time PCR i.e.) in identification and determination of plant pathogen fungi. These results will contribute to the more effective use of these molecular methods in phytopathological studies and the development of innovative methods for reducing economic losses caused by plant pathogenic fungi.

Keywords

• Fungal pathogens
• LAMP
• (MCH)-PCR
• molecular identification
• Real time PCR

Bitki Patojeni Fungusların Tespitinde Polimeraz Zincir Reaksiyonu’na Dayalı Bazı Moleküler Teknikler

Abstract

Kültür bitkilerinde ciddi kayıplara neden olan hastalık etmenleri içerisinde bitki patojeni funguslar önemli bir grubu oluşturmaktadır. Bu patojenlere karşı etkin mücadele yöntemlerinin geliştirilmesi ve neden oldukları ürün kayıplarının en aza indirilmesi için doğru ve hızlı bir şekilde tespit edilmesi en önemli adımdır. Bu kapsamda fungal patojenlerin klasik tespitinde kullanılan morfolojik karakterlere dayalı yöntemler değişkenlik göstermekle birlikte uzun zaman almakta ve taksonomik açıdan deneyimli personel gerektirmektedir. Bu nedenle bitki patojenlerinin tespiti için çok sayıda moleküler teknik geliştirilmiş ve epidemiyolojik çalışmalarda, karantina uygulamalarında, tohum sertifikasyonunda, ıslah programlarında ve fungisit direnci tespitinde yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada da bitki patojeni fungusların tespitinde yaygın olarak kullanılan polimeraz zincir reaksiyonuna dayalı bazı moleküler teknikler (Loop aracılı izotermal amlifikasyon, manyetik yakalama hibridizasyon, floresan in situ hibridizasyon, yeni nesil dizileme, Real Time PCR) hakkında bilgi verilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bitki patojeni fungusların neden olduğu ekonomik kayıpları azaltmak amacıyla fitopatolojik çalışmalarda moleküler yöntemlerin daha etkin kullanılmasına katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.

Keywords

• Fungal patojenler
• LAMP
• (MCH)-PCR
• moleküler tespit
• Real time PCR

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