Review

Evaluation of Total Roughage Production and its Sufficiency for Livestock in Turkey

Volume: 11 Number: 3 September 1, 2021
TR EN

Evaluation of Total Roughage Production and its Sufficiency for Livestock in Turkey

Abstract

In this study, total roughage production and its sufficiency for farm animals in Turkey was evaluated. Because of insufficient production, feed prices are relatively high and fluctuating in Turkey. It was estimated that, the total 40 363 210 tonnes of roughages production in Turkey was supplied by meadows and pastures (13 164 210 tonnes), shrublands (11 267 000 tonnes) and forage crops production (15 932 000 tonnes). In addition, total straw and stubble production was estimated as 31 074 800 tonnes for animal feed, indicating that half of the total roughages production in Turkey came from straw and stubble production. In Turkey, the large and small ruminant stock is composed of a total of 17 066 900 animal units and in order to meet only the maintenance requirements of these animals via roughage, 77 867 731 tons of roughage is needed in 2019. Considering the daily dry roughage requirement as 12.5 kg (approximately 2.5 percent of total 500 kg live weight), deficiency of daily feed amount was estimated as 1.032 kg per animal unit and a total of 6 429 720 tonnes in 2019 in Turkey. If shrublands, straw and stubble production is neglected or removed from the calculation, then total deficiency reaches at 48 771 521 tonnes year-1 (62.63% of the total feed requirement). For a rational animal feeding, not only the maintenance requirements of the animals but also, in addition to their maintenance requirements, at least 5-7 kg of milk production requires meeting from quality roughages. In this case, it is clear that the need for roughage will increase more. In Turkey, suffering from roughage shortage that adversely affecting production obtained from small and large ruminants, high quality forage production should be, at least, doubled by using every possible resource including natural rangelands, fallows, and cultivated lands effectively without compromising soil conservation and feed costs principles.

Keywords

References

  1. Acar Z, 2017. Kaba Yem Üretimi ve Sorunları. Türkiye’nin Hayvansal Üretimi (Mevcut Durum ve Gelecek) Sempozyumu, 10-11 Ocak 2017, Ankara, pp: 159-169.
  2. Acar Z, Tan M, Ayan İ, Aşçı ÖÖ, Mut H, Başaran U, Gülümser E, Can M, Kaymak G, 2020. Türkiye’de Yem Bitkileri Tarımının Durumu ve Geliştirme Olanakları. Türkiye Ziraat Mühendisliği IX. Teknik Kongresi, 13-12 Ocak 2020, Ankara, pp: 529-554.
  3. Ak İ, Akbay KC, 2018. Buğday Samanının Yem Değeri ve Hayvan Beslemede Kullanımı. TÜRKTOB Dergisi, 25: 20-22.
  4. Alçiçek A, 2012. Türkiye’de Kaba Yem Üretimi ve Yeterlilik Durumu. Tarım ve Mühendislik Dergisi, 101-102: 36-39.
  5. Alçiçek A, Kılıç A, Ayhan V, Özdoğan M, 2010. Türkiye’de Kaba Yem Üretimi ve Sorunları. Türkiye Ziraat Mühendisliği VII. Teknik Kongresi. Cilt: 2, 11-15 Ocak 2010, Ankara, pp: 1071-1080.
  6. Altın M, Gökkuş A, Koç A, 2011a. Çayır ve Mera Yönetimi Genel İlkeler I. Cilt. Tarım ve Köyişleri Bakanlığı, TÜGEM, Ankara, 376 p.
  7. Altın M, Gökkuş A, Koç A, 2011b. Çayır ve Mera Yönetimi Temel İlkeler II. Cilt. Tarım ve Köyişleri Bakanlığı, TÜGEM, Ankara, 314 p.
  8. Anonymous, 2015. Gıda Tarım ve Hayvancılık Bakanlığı GTHB, Kırmızı Et Stratejisi. Ankara, 76 p. Anonymous, 2019. Asılsız İddialar ve Gerçekler, https://www.tarimorman.gov.tr/Belgeler/%C4% B0ddialar%20ve%20Ger%C3%A7ekler.pdf, (Date of access: 11 July 2020).

Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Agricultural, Veterinary and Food Sciences

Journal Section

Review

Publication Date

September 1, 2021

Submission Date

March 18, 2021

Acceptance Date

May 16, 2021

Published in Issue

Year 2021 Volume: 11 Number: 3

APA
Hanoğlu Oral, H., & Gökkuş, A. (2021). Evaluation of Total Roughage Production and its Sufficiency for Livestock in Turkey. Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology, 11(3), 2423-2433. https://doi.org/10.21597/jist.899304
AMA
1.Hanoğlu Oral H, Gökkuş A. Evaluation of Total Roughage Production and its Sufficiency for Livestock in Turkey. J. Inst. Sci. and Tech. 2021;11(3):2423-2433. doi:10.21597/jist.899304
Chicago
Hanoğlu Oral, Hülya, and Ahmet Gökkuş. 2021. “Evaluation of Total Roughage Production and Its Sufficiency for Livestock in Turkey”. Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology 11 (3): 2423-33. https://doi.org/10.21597/jist.899304.
EndNote
Hanoğlu Oral H, Gökkuş A (September 1, 2021) Evaluation of Total Roughage Production and its Sufficiency for Livestock in Turkey. Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology 11 3 2423–2433.
IEEE
[1]H. Hanoğlu Oral and A. Gökkuş, “Evaluation of Total Roughage Production and its Sufficiency for Livestock in Turkey”, J. Inst. Sci. and Tech., vol. 11, no. 3, pp. 2423–2433, Sept. 2021, doi: 10.21597/jist.899304.
ISNAD
Hanoğlu Oral, Hülya - Gökkuş, Ahmet. “Evaluation of Total Roughage Production and Its Sufficiency for Livestock in Turkey”. Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology 11/3 (September 1, 2021): 2423-2433. https://doi.org/10.21597/jist.899304.
JAMA
1.Hanoğlu Oral H, Gökkuş A. Evaluation of Total Roughage Production and its Sufficiency for Livestock in Turkey. J. Inst. Sci. and Tech. 2021;11:2423–2433.
MLA
Hanoğlu Oral, Hülya, and Ahmet Gökkuş. “Evaluation of Total Roughage Production and Its Sufficiency for Livestock in Turkey”. Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology, vol. 11, no. 3, Sept. 2021, pp. 2423-3, doi:10.21597/jist.899304.
Vancouver
1.Hülya Hanoğlu Oral, Ahmet Gökkuş. Evaluation of Total Roughage Production and its Sufficiency for Livestock in Turkey. J. Inst. Sci. and Tech. 2021 Sep. 1;11(3):2423-3. doi:10.21597/jist.899304

Cited By