The Effect of Exogenously Applied Plant Growth Regulators on Plant Development of Saffron (Crocus sativus L.)

Year 2017, Volume: 7 Issue: 1, 17 - 22, 31.03.2017

Aysun Çavuşoğlu

Abstract

Plant growth regulators have important roles in plant growth and development. The externally
applicable chemicals belong to different action classes and each one has a crucial and effective role at different
plant growing stages. Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) is one of the most important and valuable medicinal and aromatic
plant, belongs to Iridaceae family. Because of impossibility of generative propagation in nature, growing can be
maintened asexually with daughter corms occured each year. In this experiment, the effects of exogenously applied
paclobutrazol, indole-3-butyric acid, zeatin and picloram on saffron developmental stages were studied. Data were
focused on aerial part and corm related characters which is important in developmental fndings in this plant. In the
treatments, paclobutrazol (10 or 20 mg L-1), indole-3-butyric acid (1 or 3 mg L-1), zeatin (1 or 3 mg L-1) and picloram
(5 or 10 mg L-1) were applied alone besides control to saffron 45 days after planting to the soil under greenhouse
condition. According to the data picloram concentrations have a retardant role in nodium activation, leaf number
and corm developmental characters (number, weight, diameter and yield of daughter corm) but cause the highest
plant height (60.98 cm in 10 mg L-1 and 57.37 cm in 5 mg L-1). In 10 mg L-1 paclobutrazol treatments resulted as the
best corm production (469 kg da-1) than the other treatments and control. Zeatin at 3 mg L-1concentration was found
effective on the best nodium activation (2.81 active nodes/corm). In conclusion, saffron development is affected
signifcantly by externally applied plant growth regulators under soil condition and the application methods can be
progressed in studies on aimed parts of the plant.

Keywords

Crocus sativus, indole-3-butyric acid, paclobutrazol, picloram, zeatin

Safran (Crocus sativus L.)’da Bitki Gelişimi Üzerine Dışarıdan Uygulanan Bitki Gelişim Düzenleyicilerinin Etkisi

Abstract

Dışsal uygulanabilen kimyasallar olan ve farklı etki sınıfları içinde bulunan bitki gelişim düzenleyicilerinin
her biri bitki büyüme ve gelişiminin farklı aşamaları üzerinde hayati ve önemli işlevlere sahiptir. Tıbbi ve aromatik
bitkiler içinde en önemli ve değerli bitkilerden biri olan safran (Crocus sativus L.) Iridaceae familyasına ait olup,
doğal olarak generatif yolla üretilmesi mümkün olmadığından bitki gelişimi aseksüel olarak her yıl meydana
gelen yavru kormlardan sağlanmaktadır. Bu araştırmada dışsal olarak uygulanan paclobutrazol, indole-3-butyric
acid, zeatin and picloram maddelerinin safran gelişimi üzerine etkileri çalışılmıştır. Bitki gelişimi için önemli
parametreler olan korm ve toprak üstü aksamı ile ilişkili karakterlerle ilgili veriler toplanmıştır. Çalışmada kontrol
parsellerinin yanında paclobutrazol, indole-3-butyric acid, zeatin ve picloram bitki dikiminden 45 gün sonra cam
serada toprağa uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen verilere göre picloram konsantrasyonları nodyum aktivasyonu, yaprak
sayısı ve korm gelişim özellikleri (korm sayısı, ağırlığı, çapı ve yavru korm verimi) için geciktirici bir rol oynarken,
en yüksek bitki boyu (10 mg L-1 de 60.98 cm ve 5 mg L-1 de 57.37 cm) elde edilmiştir. 10 mg L-1 paclobutrazol
uygulamalarında, diğer uygulamalara ve kontrole nazaran en iyi korm verimine (469 kg da-1) ulaşılmıştır. Zeatin
3 mg L-1 konsantrasyonda en iyi nodyum aktivasyonu göstermiştir (2.81 aktif nodyum/korm). Sonuç olarak
safran gelişimi önemli derecede dışarıdan toprağa uygulanan bitki gelişim düzenleyicilerinden etkilenmekte olup
uygulama metodu gelişimi hedeflenen bitki kısmı göz önüne alınarak geliştirilebilir

Keywords

Crocus sativus, indole-3-butyric acid, paclobutrazol, picloram, zeatin

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