The Effect of Verticillium dahliae on the Amount of Nutrients in Strawberry Plants

Year 2019, Volume: 9 Issue: 2, 626 - 635, 01.06.2019

Tuba Genç Kesimci , Erkol Demirci , Uğur Şimşek , Faruk Tohumcu Erhan Erdel

https://doi.org/10.21597/jist.556229

Cited By: 1

Abstract

There are absolute essential nutrients for plants to maintain their healthy grown, in case of deficiency or excess of these nutrients, a suitable habitat is formed against diseases in plants. In this research, Verticillium wilt disease caused by Verticillium dahliae in strawberry plants was carried out to determine how the plants caused a change in the content of P, Ca, K, Mg, Na, B, Mn, Fe, Zn and Cu. For this purpose, 19 V. dahliae isolates belonging to different vegetative compatibility groups (VCG 2A, VCG 2B, VCG 4B and VCGx) from strawberry plants were investigated. Nutrient analyzes were performed with 200 plants which were infected with V. dahliae isolates including control plants. When compared with control plants, V. dahliae infection caused changes in P, Ca, K, Mg, B, Mn and Cu contents of strawberry plants. However, the Na, Fe and Zn contents of the infected plants were not different from the control plants.

Keywords

Strawberry, macro element, micro element, mineral nutrition, Verticillium dahliae

Çilek Bitkilerinde Besin Elementi Miktarına Verticillium dahliae’nın Etkisi

Abstract

Bitkilerin sağlıklı bir şekilde gelişimlerini devam ettirebilmeleri için mutlak gerekli besin elementleri bulunmakta, bu besin elementlerinin eksikliği veya fazlalığı durumunda bitkilerde hastalıklara karşı uygun ortam oluşmaktadır. Bu çalışma; çilekte Verticillium dahliae tarafından oluşturulan Verticillium solgunluk hastalığının bitkilerin P, Ca, K, Mg, Na, B, Mn, Fe, Zn ve Cu içeriğinde nasıl bir değişim meydana getirdiğini tespit etmek amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Bu amaçla çilek bitkilerinden elde edilen farklı vejetatif uyum gruplarına (VCG 2A, VCG 2B, VCG 4B ve VCGx) ait 19 V. dahliae izolatı incelenmiştir. Kontrol bitkileri dahil V. dahliae izolatları ile enfekte edilen toplam 200 bitkide besin elementi analizleri yapılmıştır. Kontrol bitkileri ile karşılaştırıldığı zaman V. dahliae enfeksiyonu çilek bitkilerinin P, Ca, K, Mg, B, Mn ve Cu içeriklerinde değişime sebep olmuştur. Bununla birlikte, enfekte olmuş bitkilerin Na, Fe ve Zn içerikleri kontrol bitkilerinden farklı bulunmamıştır.

Keywords

Çilek, makro element, mikro element, mineral beslenme, Verticillium dahliae

References

• Ağaoğlu YS, 1986. Üzümsü Meyveler. Ankara Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Yayınları No: 984, s.29-143, Ankara-Türkiye.
• Anonymous, 2019. The relationship between nutrients and other elements to plant diseases. http://www.spectrumanalytic.com/support/library/pdf/relationship_between_nutrients_and_other_elements_to_plant_diseases.pdf (Erişim tarihi:11.04.2019).
• Aybak HÇ, 2005. Çilek yetiştiriciliği. Hasad Yayıncılık, s.12, İstanbul-Türkiye.
• Campbell CR, Miner GS, 2000. Strawberry, annual hill culture. In C.R. Campbell (ed.) Reference sufficiency ranges for plant analysis in the southern region of the United States. South. Coop. Ser. Bull. 394. N.C. Dep. Agric. Consumer Serv., Raleigh.
• Casteel S, 2004. Strawberry fertility and nutrient management. In: Strawberry plasticulture notebook-a guide to strawberry plasticulture production. Raleigh (NC): The North Carolina Strawberry Association. (pages not consecutively numbered).
• Çakıcı H, Aydın Ş, 2005. Emiralem-İzmir yöresi çilek plantasyonlarının beslenme durumu. Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 42(1): 155-166.
• David DR, Yermiyahu U, Fogel M, Faingold I, Elad Y, 2019. Plant nutrition for management of white mold in sweet basil. Phytoparasitica,47(1): 99-115.
• Demirsoy L, Demirsoy H, Balcı G, 2012. Different growing conditions affect nutrient content, fruit yield and growth in strawberry. Pakistan Journal of Botany, 44(1): 125-129.
• Demirsoy L, Demirsoy H, Ersoy B, Balci G, Kızılkaya R, 2010. Seasonal variation of N, P, K and Ca content of leaf, crown and root of ‘Sweet Charlie’ strawberry under different irradiation. Zemdirbyste-Agriculture., 97(1): 23-32.
• Dordas C, 2008. Role of nutrients in controlling plant diseases in sustainable agriculture. A review. Agronomy for sustainable development, 28(1): 33-46.
• Elmer HW, 2015. Using mineral nutrition to suppress plant diseases. The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station Fact Sheet.
• Ferree DC, Stang EJ, 1988. Seasonal plant shading, growth and fruiting in “Earliglow” strawberry. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science, 113(3): 322-327.
• Floerl S, Druebert C, Aroud HI, Karlovsky P, Polle A, 2010. Disease symptoms and mineral nutrition in Arabidopsis thaliana in response to Verticillium longisporum VL43 infection. Journal of Plant Pathology, 92(3): 693-700.
• Genç T, 2012. Erzurum ve Erzincan illerinde çilek bitkilerinden izole edilen Verticillium dahliae’nın vejetatif uyum grupları, patojenitesi ve biyolojik mücadelesi, Atatürk Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Doktora Tezi (Basılmış).
• Geçer MK, Gündoğdu M, Başar G, 2018. Bazı çilek çeşitlerinin merzifon (Amasya) ekolojisindeki verim durumlarının tespiti. Iğdır Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 8(2): 11-15.
• Geçer MK, Yılmaz H, 2012. Örtü altı ve açık arazi koşullarında üretilen bazı çilek çeşitlerine ait fidelerin besin elementi içerikleri. Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi, Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, 22 (1): 1-6.
• Hochmuth G, Albregts E, 1994. Fertilization of strawberries in Florida. University of Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agriculture Sciences, EDIS.
• Huber DM, Graham RD, 1999. The role of nutrition in crop resistance and tolerance to diseases. Mineral nutrition of crops: fundamental mechanisms and implications, pp.169-206. Newyork-London.
• Jamali B, Esghi S, Tafazoli E, 2015. Mineral composition of ‘Selva’ strawberry as affected by time of application of nitric oxide under saline conditions. Horticulture Environment and Biotechnology. 56(3): 273-279.
• Jones, JR, Wolf B, Mills HA, 1991, Plant analysis handbook, micro-macro Publishing Inc., USA, pp. 1-213.
• Kacar B, Katkat VA, 2010. Bitki Besleme. Nobel Yayın No: 849, İstanbul-Turkey.
• Kacar B, İnal A, 2008. Bitki Analizleri. Nobel Yayın No: 1241, İstanbul -Turkey.
• Karagiannidis N, Bletsos F, Stavropoulos N, 2002. Effect of Verticillium wilt (Verticillium dahliae Kleb.) and mycorrhiza (Glomus mosseae) on root colonization, growth and nutrient uptake in tomato and eggplant seedlings. Scientia Horticulturae 94(1-2): 145-156.
• Kocaçalışkan İ, 2008. Bitki Fizyolojisi. Nobel Yayın No:1338, s.267, Ankara-Türkiye.
• Köseoğlu AT, 1995. Bitkilerde kalsiyum beslenmesinin bitki hastalıkları üzerine etkisi. Akdeniz Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 8(1): 271-277.
• Kurt Ş, 2013. Bitki hastalıkları ile savaş yöntemleri ve ilaçlar. Akademisyen kitabevi, 1-242, Ankara-Türkiye.
• May GM, Pritts MP, 1990. Strawberry nutrition. Adv. Strawberry Prod, 9: 10-24.
• Mertens D, 2005a. AOAC Official Method 922.02. Plants Preparation of Laboratuary Sample. Official Methods of Analysis, 18th edn. Horwitz, W., and G.W. Latimer, (Eds). Chapter 3, pp 1-2, AOAC-International Suite 500, 481. North Frederick Avenue, Gaitherburg, Maryland 20877-2417, USA.
• Mertens D, 2005b. AOAC Official Method 975.03. Metal in Plants and Pet Foods. Official Methods of Analysis, 18th edn. Horwitz, W., and G.W. Latimer, (Eds). Chapter 3, pp 3-4, AOAC-International Suite 500, 481. North Frederick Avenue, Gaitherburg, Maryland 20877-2417, USA.
• Morard P. 1987. Strawberry. Pages 688-694. In:Martin-Prevel P, Gagnard JJ, Gautier P (Ed.),. Plant Analysis. As a Guide to the Nutrient Requirements of Temperate and Tropical Crops. Lavasier Publishing Inc. 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10010, USA.
• Spann TM, Schumann AW, 2009. The role of plant nutrients in disease development with emphasis on citrus and huanglongbing. Proceedings of the Florida State Horticultural Society, 122: 169–171.
• Spann TM, Schumann AW, 2010. Mineral nutrition contributes to plant disease and pest resistance. UF/IFAS Extension. http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu.
• Reuter DJ, Robinson JB, 1986. Plant analyses: an interpretation manual. Inkata press Proprietary Ltd. Melbourne and Sydney. pp. 219.
• Ulrich A, Mostafa MAE, Allen WW, 1980. Strawberry deficiency symptoms. A visual and plant analysis guide to fertilization. University of California 633.63 Ul7s Ej.1 018940, pp.58.
• Uçkun K, Gezgin S, 2008. Makro bitki besin elementlerinin hastalıklarla ilişkisi. 4. Ulusal Bitki Besleme ve Gübre Kongresi, 8-10 Ekim 2008, Konya.
• Tisdale SL, Nelson WL, Beaton JD, Havlin JL, 1985. Soil and fertilizer potassium. Soil fertility and fertilizers, 4 Edition, pp. 249-291, Macmillan Publishing Company, New York, USA.
• Weir BL, DeVay JE, Wakeman RJ, 1992. Potassium deficiencies in cotton go down, yields go up. California Agriculture, 46(3): 17-18.