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The Effect of Mechanical Vibration on Casting Properties of Grain Refined A356 Alloy

Year 2020, Volume: 10 Issue: 4, 2770 - 2782, 15.12.2020
https://doi.org/10.21597/jist.730373

Abstract

In this study, it was aimed to have the desired microstructure at low cost (fine and spherical) of aluminum alloys which have a wide usage in engineering materials and a wide variety of production methods. Al5Ti1B was added to the A356 aluminum alloy melted in a 700 °C resistive furnace with Ti content of 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3% by weight. Casting was performed on a 20, 10 and 5 mm cross-section metal mold placed on a vibration table producing a mechanical vibration of 50 Hz fixed frequency and 1.5 mm amplitude, vibration and non- vibration. Microstructural investigations on the cross-sections of the final casting products were carried out in two stages. In the first step, the distance between the secondary dendrite arms (SDAS) and the length of the secondary dendrite arms (SDAL) were measured on the images taken by optical microscope. In the second stage, EDS analysis was performed by SEM. Hardness measurements of the samples were made by Brinell method and the relationship between the microstructure and hardness values was tried to be revealed. SDAS and SADAL values decreased due to Ti content and section thickness. Accordingly, hardness tends to decrease as it progresses from thin section to thick section.

References

  • Chirita G, Stefanescu I, Soares D, Silva S, 2009. Influence of vibration on the solidification behavior and tensile properties of an Al-18 wt %Si alay. Materials and Design 30:1575-1580.
  • Çolak M, Kayıkcı R, 2009. Alüminyum döküm alaşımlarında TiB ilavesi ile tane inceltmede bekletme zamanının tane boyutuna etkisinin incelenmesi. 4. Alüminyum Sempozyumu, 15-16 Ekim 2009, İstanbul.
  • Çolak M, Kayıkcı R, 2009. A356 Döküm Alaşımında Elektromanyetik Karıştırmanın Mikroyapı ve Mekanik Özelliklere Etkisi, Pamukkale Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, 15 (3): 345-351.
  • Çolak M, Balcı M, 2016. Study on effect of the mechanical vibration on solidification ın process of A356 aluminium alloy casting. International conference on engineering and natural science, 24-28 May 2016, Sarajevo.
  • Çolak M, 2019. Modification of eutectic Al–Si alloys by Sr and CuSn5. Materials Research Express 6 (10).
  • Edwards L, 2004. Strategic substitution of new materials for old applications in automotive product development. Materials and Design (25):529–533.
  • Hong-min G, Zhang A, Yang X, Yan M, 2014. Grain refinement of Al−5%Cu aluminum alloy under mechanical vibration using meltable vibrating probe. Trans. Nonferrous Met. Soc. China (24):2489-2496.
  • Ibarra G, 1999. A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, Department of Mining and Metallurgical Engineering McGill University, Master Tesis( Printed)
  • Jiang W, Fan Z, Cheen X, Wang B, Wu H, 2014. Combined effects of mechanical vibration and wall thickness on microstructure and mechanical properties of A356 aluminum alloy produced by expendable pattern shell casting. Materials Science and Engineering A (619):228-237.
  • Dönmez A, Çukur A, Kurban F, Kaba M, Çubuklusu E, Aybarç U, Malayoğlu U, Birol Y, 2017. Tane inceltme işlemlerinin iyileştirilmesi ve alçak basınçlı döküm sistemleriyle AlSi5Mg0.3 alaşımlı jant üretimi. Tüdoksad Akademi 9. Döküm Kongresi 20-21 Ekim 2017, Eskişehir.
  • Koşatepe A, Kabil A, Yüksel Ç, 2019. Effect of TiBAl Addition on Electrical Conductivity of Al7Si0,3Mg Alloy in the Vibrated Mold Casting. The International Conference on Materials Science, Mechanical and Automotive Engineerings and Technology, 21-23 june 2019, Cappadocia.
  • Lieserberg O, Drossel G, 2001. Casting Aluminium Hand Book 2. Aluminium Verlag GMBH, Düsseldorf, 386-388-406.
  • Limmaneevichitr C, Pongananpanya S, Kajornchaiyakul J, 2009. Metallurgical structure of A356 aluminum alloy solidified under mechanical vibration: An investigation of alternative semi-solid casting routes, Materials and Design (30):3925–3930.
  • Peres D, Siqueira A, Garcia A, 2004. Macrostructural and microstructutal development in al-si alloys directionally solidified under unsteady-state conditions. Journal of Alloys and Compounds (381):168-181.
  • Puga H, Costa S, Ribeiro S, Prokic M, 2011. Influence of ultrasonic melt treatment on microstructure and mechanical properties of AlSi9Cu3 alloy. Journal of Materials Processing Technology (211):1729– 1735.
  • Sayuti M, 2016. Metal matrix composite products by vibration casting method. University Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia.
  • Taghavi F, Saghafian H, Khrrazi Y, 2009. Study on the effect of prolonged mechanical vibration on the grain refinement and density of A356 aluminum alloy. Materials and Design (30):1604–1611.
  • Tunçay T, 2012. A356 alüminyum döküm alaşımlarında sıvı metal hareketinin mikroyapı ve mekanik özellikleri üzerine etkisinin incelenmesi. Gazi University Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Doctoral Thesis(Printed)
  • Uludağ M, 2016. Yönlendirilerek dökülmüş al-si alaşımlarında tane incelticilerin porozite oluşumu üzerindeki rolü. Published in 4th International Symposium on Innovative Technologies in Engineering and Science, 3-5 November 2016, Alanya/Antalya.
  • Uludağ M, Kocabaş M, Dışpınar D, 2017. Effect of Sr and Ti Addition on the Corrosion Behaviour of Al-7Si-0.3Mg Alloy. Archives of Founddry Engineering 125-130.
  • Wu S, Xie L, Zhao J, Nakae H, 2008. Formation of non-dendritic microstructure of semi-solid aluminum alloy under vibration. Scripta Materialia (58):556–559.
  • Vivés Ch, 1993. Effects of electromagnetic vibrations on the microstructure of continuously cast aluminum alloys. Materials Science and Engineering A (173):169-172.
  • Yüksel Ç, 2018. Titreşimli katılaştırmanın birincil ve ikincil Al7Si0,3Mg alüminyum alaşımlarının içyapısına etkisi. Omer Halisdemir University Journal of Engineering Sciences 7(2):986-992.

The Effect of Mechanical Vibration on Casting Properties of Grain Refined A356 Alloy

Year 2020, Volume: 10 Issue: 4, 2770 - 2782, 15.12.2020
https://doi.org/10.21597/jist.730373

Abstract

In this study, it was aimed to have the desired microstructure at low cost (fine and spherical) of aluminum alloys which have a wide usage in engineering materials and a wide variety of production methods. Al5Ti1B was added to the A356 aluminum alloy melted in a 700 °C resistive furnace with Ti content of 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3% by weight. Casting was performed on a 20, 10 and 5 mm cross-section metal mold placed on a vibration table producing a mechanical vibration of 50 Hz fixed frequency and 1.5 mm amplitude, vibration and non- vibration. Microstructural investigations on the cross-sections of the final casting products were carried out in two stages. In the first step, the distance between the secondary dendrite arms (SDAS) and the length of the secondary dendrite arms (SDAL) were measured on the images taken by optical microscope. In the second stage, EDS analysis was performed by SEM. Hardness measurements of the samples were made by Brinell method and the relationship between the microstructure and hardness values was tried to be revealed. SDAS and SADAL values decreased due to Ti content and section thickness. Accordingly, hardness tends to decrease as it progresses from thin section to thick section.

References

  • Chirita G, Stefanescu I, Soares D, Silva S, 2009. Influence of vibration on the solidification behavior and tensile properties of an Al-18 wt %Si alay. Materials and Design 30:1575-1580.
  • Çolak M, Kayıkcı R, 2009. Alüminyum döküm alaşımlarında TiB ilavesi ile tane inceltmede bekletme zamanının tane boyutuna etkisinin incelenmesi. 4. Alüminyum Sempozyumu, 15-16 Ekim 2009, İstanbul.
  • Çolak M, Kayıkcı R, 2009. A356 Döküm Alaşımında Elektromanyetik Karıştırmanın Mikroyapı ve Mekanik Özelliklere Etkisi, Pamukkale Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, 15 (3): 345-351.
  • Çolak M, Balcı M, 2016. Study on effect of the mechanical vibration on solidification ın process of A356 aluminium alloy casting. International conference on engineering and natural science, 24-28 May 2016, Sarajevo.
  • Çolak M, 2019. Modification of eutectic Al–Si alloys by Sr and CuSn5. Materials Research Express 6 (10).
  • Edwards L, 2004. Strategic substitution of new materials for old applications in automotive product development. Materials and Design (25):529–533.
  • Hong-min G, Zhang A, Yang X, Yan M, 2014. Grain refinement of Al−5%Cu aluminum alloy under mechanical vibration using meltable vibrating probe. Trans. Nonferrous Met. Soc. China (24):2489-2496.
  • Ibarra G, 1999. A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, Department of Mining and Metallurgical Engineering McGill University, Master Tesis( Printed)
  • Jiang W, Fan Z, Cheen X, Wang B, Wu H, 2014. Combined effects of mechanical vibration and wall thickness on microstructure and mechanical properties of A356 aluminum alloy produced by expendable pattern shell casting. Materials Science and Engineering A (619):228-237.
  • Dönmez A, Çukur A, Kurban F, Kaba M, Çubuklusu E, Aybarç U, Malayoğlu U, Birol Y, 2017. Tane inceltme işlemlerinin iyileştirilmesi ve alçak basınçlı döküm sistemleriyle AlSi5Mg0.3 alaşımlı jant üretimi. Tüdoksad Akademi 9. Döküm Kongresi 20-21 Ekim 2017, Eskişehir.
  • Koşatepe A, Kabil A, Yüksel Ç, 2019. Effect of TiBAl Addition on Electrical Conductivity of Al7Si0,3Mg Alloy in the Vibrated Mold Casting. The International Conference on Materials Science, Mechanical and Automotive Engineerings and Technology, 21-23 june 2019, Cappadocia.
  • Lieserberg O, Drossel G, 2001. Casting Aluminium Hand Book 2. Aluminium Verlag GMBH, Düsseldorf, 386-388-406.
  • Limmaneevichitr C, Pongananpanya S, Kajornchaiyakul J, 2009. Metallurgical structure of A356 aluminum alloy solidified under mechanical vibration: An investigation of alternative semi-solid casting routes, Materials and Design (30):3925–3930.
  • Peres D, Siqueira A, Garcia A, 2004. Macrostructural and microstructutal development in al-si alloys directionally solidified under unsteady-state conditions. Journal of Alloys and Compounds (381):168-181.
  • Puga H, Costa S, Ribeiro S, Prokic M, 2011. Influence of ultrasonic melt treatment on microstructure and mechanical properties of AlSi9Cu3 alloy. Journal of Materials Processing Technology (211):1729– 1735.
  • Sayuti M, 2016. Metal matrix composite products by vibration casting method. University Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia.
  • Taghavi F, Saghafian H, Khrrazi Y, 2009. Study on the effect of prolonged mechanical vibration on the grain refinement and density of A356 aluminum alloy. Materials and Design (30):1604–1611.
  • Tunçay T, 2012. A356 alüminyum döküm alaşımlarında sıvı metal hareketinin mikroyapı ve mekanik özellikleri üzerine etkisinin incelenmesi. Gazi University Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Doctoral Thesis(Printed)
  • Uludağ M, 2016. Yönlendirilerek dökülmüş al-si alaşımlarında tane incelticilerin porozite oluşumu üzerindeki rolü. Published in 4th International Symposium on Innovative Technologies in Engineering and Science, 3-5 November 2016, Alanya/Antalya.
  • Uludağ M, Kocabaş M, Dışpınar D, 2017. Effect of Sr and Ti Addition on the Corrosion Behaviour of Al-7Si-0.3Mg Alloy. Archives of Founddry Engineering 125-130.
  • Wu S, Xie L, Zhao J, Nakae H, 2008. Formation of non-dendritic microstructure of semi-solid aluminum alloy under vibration. Scripta Materialia (58):556–559.
  • Vivés Ch, 1993. Effects of electromagnetic vibrations on the microstructure of continuously cast aluminum alloys. Materials Science and Engineering A (173):169-172.
  • Yüksel Ç, 2018. Titreşimli katılaştırmanın birincil ve ikincil Al7Si0,3Mg alüminyum alaşımlarının içyapısına etkisi. Omer Halisdemir University Journal of Engineering Sciences 7(2):986-992.
There are 23 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Engineering
Journal Section Makina Mühendisliği / Mechanical Engineering
Authors

Abdulhadi Koşatepe 0000-0002-7767-4981

Ahmet Kabil 0000-0001-9078-8652

Publication Date December 15, 2020
Submission Date May 1, 2020
Acceptance Date June 7, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020 Volume: 10 Issue: 4

Cite

APA Koşatepe, A., & Kabil, A. (2020). The Effect of Mechanical Vibration on Casting Properties of Grain Refined A356 Alloy. Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology, 10(4), 2770-2782. https://doi.org/10.21597/jist.730373
AMA Koşatepe A, Kabil A. The Effect of Mechanical Vibration on Casting Properties of Grain Refined A356 Alloy. J. Inst. Sci. and Tech. December 2020;10(4):2770-2782. doi:10.21597/jist.730373
Chicago Koşatepe, Abdulhadi, and Ahmet Kabil. “The Effect of Mechanical Vibration on Casting Properties of Grain Refined A356 Alloy”. Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology 10, no. 4 (December 2020): 2770-82. https://doi.org/10.21597/jist.730373.
EndNote Koşatepe A, Kabil A (December 1, 2020) The Effect of Mechanical Vibration on Casting Properties of Grain Refined A356 Alloy. Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology 10 4 2770–2782.
IEEE A. Koşatepe and A. Kabil, “The Effect of Mechanical Vibration on Casting Properties of Grain Refined A356 Alloy”, J. Inst. Sci. and Tech., vol. 10, no. 4, pp. 2770–2782, 2020, doi: 10.21597/jist.730373.
ISNAD Koşatepe, Abdulhadi - Kabil, Ahmet. “The Effect of Mechanical Vibration on Casting Properties of Grain Refined A356 Alloy”. Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology 10/4 (December 2020), 2770-2782. https://doi.org/10.21597/jist.730373.
JAMA Koşatepe A, Kabil A. The Effect of Mechanical Vibration on Casting Properties of Grain Refined A356 Alloy. J. Inst. Sci. and Tech. 2020;10:2770–2782.
MLA Koşatepe, Abdulhadi and Ahmet Kabil. “The Effect of Mechanical Vibration on Casting Properties of Grain Refined A356 Alloy”. Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology, vol. 10, no. 4, 2020, pp. 2770-82, doi:10.21597/jist.730373.
Vancouver Koşatepe A, Kabil A. The Effect of Mechanical Vibration on Casting Properties of Grain Refined A356 Alloy. J. Inst. Sci. and Tech. 2020;10(4):2770-82.