Isatis quadrialata Al-Shehbaz, Moazzeni & Mummenhoff (Brassicaceae)’nın anatomik, morfolojik ve mikromorfolojik özellikleri

Year 2021, Volume: 11 Issue: 4, 2518 - 2524, 15.12.2021

Burcu Yılmaz Çıtak , Emrah Şirin , Kuddisi Ertuğrul

https://doi.org/10.21597/jist.950312

Abstract

Bu çalışmada Isatis quadrialata’nın ayrıntılı morfolojik ve anatomik özellikleri incelenmiş olup, meyve ve tohum mikromorfolojileri araştırılmıştır. Anatomik araştırmalarda, türün kök, gövde, yaprak ve meyve enine kesitleri alınmıştır. Kök enine kesitlerinde, epidermis dokusu koruyucu görev yapmaktadır. Gövdelerde, tek tabakalı epidermis hücreleri, korteks parankiması, iletim demetleri ve öz hücreleri yer almaktadır. Yapraklarda, iki tabakalı palizat parankiması ile sünger parankiması yer almakta olup bifasiyal tip mezofil gözlemlenmiştir. Meyve enine kesitleri tek tabakalı ekzokarp, çok tabakalı mezokarp ve çok tabakalı endokarpa sahiptir. Meyve yüzey ornamentasyonu ağımsı iken tohum yüzey ornamentasyonu ise kabarcıklıdır. Isatis quadrialata’nın anatomik karakterlerinin taksonomik önemi olduğu belirlenmiştir.

Keywords

Anatomi, Boreava, Isatis, morfoloji, mikromorfoloji

Anatomical, morphological and micromorphological characteristics of Isatis quadrialata AlShehbaz, Moazzeni & Mummenhoff (Brassicaceae)

Abstract

In this study, detailed morphological and anatomical features of Isatis quadrialata were examined. With anatomical analysis, transverse sections of root, stem and leaf were examined. Epidermis is a protective tissue in root transverse sections. Transverse sections of stem contain one layered epidermis, cortex parenchyma, vascular bundles and pith cells. The cross sections of leaves have two layered palisade parenchyma and spongy parenchyma with bifacial mesophyll. Transverse sections of fruit have one layered exocarp, multi layered mesocarp and endocarp. In addition, fruit and seed micromorphologies were studied. The fruit surface ornamentation is reticulate while the seed surface ornamentation is blister. The anatomical characteristics of Isatis quadrialata were determined of taxonomic importance.

Keywords

Anatomy, Boreava, Isatis, morphology, micromorphology

References

• Al-Shehbaz IA, 2012. A generic and tribal synopsis of the Brassicaceae (Cruciferae). Taxon, 61 (5): 931–954.
• Al-Shehbaz IA, Mutlu B, Dönmez AA, 2007. The Brassicaceae (Cruciferae) of Turkey, updated. Turkish Journal of Botany 31: 327–336.
• Bona M, 2013. Seed-coat microsculpturing of Turkish Lepidium (Brassicaceae) and its systematic application. Turkish Journal of Botany, 37: 662–668.
• Çıtak BY, Dural H, 2020a. Fruit and seed micromorphology of the genus Iberis L. (Brassicaceae) in Turkey and its utility in taxonomic delimitation. Botanical Sciences, 98 (4): 584–592.
• Çıtak BY, Dural H, 2020b. The Anatomical Structures Of The Genus Iberis L. (Brassicaceae) In Turkey. Bangladesh Journal of Botany, 27: 213–224.
• Davis PH, Mill RR, Tan K, 1988. Cruciferae. Şu eserde: Davis P.H. (ed.). Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands (supplement) 10: 29–58, 232–235. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh.
• Davis PH, 1965. Cruciferae. Şu eserde: Davis P.H. (ed.). Flora of Turkey and the East Aegea Islands 1: 248–495. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh.
• Güner A, Özhatay N, Ekim T, Bafler KHC, 2000. Cruciferae. Şu eserde: Davis P.H. (ed.). Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands 11: 29–41. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh.
• Hedge IC, 1965. Boreava Jaub. & Spach. Şu eserde: Davis PH (ed). Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands, 1: 429–430. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh.
• Karaismailoglu MC, Erol O, 2018. Seed structure and its taxonomic implications for genus Thlaspi sensu lato sections Nomisma, Thlaspi, and Pterotropis (Brassicaceae). Turkish Journal of Botany, 42 (5): 591–609.
• Karaismailoğlu MC, 2019. Comparative Morphology And Anatomy Of Seeds Of Some Aethionema W.T. Aiton (Brassicaceae) Taxa From Turkey. Bangladesh Journal of Plant Taxonomy, 26 (1): 1–12.
• Karaismailoğlu MC, 2019. The Value of the Seed in the Systematic of the Family Brassicaceae. In: Research Reviews in Science and Mathematics–Summer, pp. 51–80 Editor: Sağlıker HA Gece Kitaplığı Yayınevi, New York, Ankara.
• Koul K, Ranjna N, Raina SN, 2000. Seed coat microsculpturing in Brassica and allied genera subtribes Brassicinae, Raphaninae, Moricandiinae. Annals of Botany, 86: 85–97.
• Lenser T, Graeber K, Çevik ÖS, Adıgüzel N, Dönmez AA, Grosche C, Kettermann M, Mayland Quellhorst S, Mérai Z, Mohammadin S, Nguyen T, Rümpler F, Schulze C, Sperber K, Steinbrecher T, Wiegand N, Strnad M, Scheid OM, Rensing SA, Schranz ME, Theißen G, Mummenhoff K, LeubnerMetzger G, 2016. Developmental control and plasticity of fruit and seed dimorphism in Aethionema arabicum. Plant Physiology, 172: 1697–1707.
• Menemen Y, Aytaç Z, Kandemir A, 2016. Türkçe Bitki Adları Yönergesi, Bağbahçe Bilim Dergisi 3(3): 1–3.
• Metcalfe CR, Chalk L, 1950. Anatomy of the dicotyledons. Vol.1. Clarendon press. Oxford. pp. 80–87.
• Mummenhoff K, Polster A, Mühlhausen A, Theißen G, 2008. Lepidium as a model system for studying the evolution of fruit development in Brassicaceae. Journal of Experimental Botany, 60: 1503–1513.
• Mutlu B, 2012. Boreava Jaub. & Spach, Şu eserde: Güner, A., Aslan, S., Ekim, T., Vural, M., ve Babaç, M.T. (edlr.). Türkiye Bitkileri Listesi (Damarlı Bitkiler), s. 299. Nezahat Gökyiğit Botanik Bahçesi ve Flora Araştırmaları Derneği Yayını, İstanbul.
• Mühlhausen A, Polster A, Theissen G, Mummenhoff K, 2010. Evolution of fruit dehiscence in Brassicaceae: examples from Aethionema and Lepidium. VI International Symposium on Brassicas and Xviii Crucifer Genetics Workshop. 867: 207–219.
• Saeed JF, Yonus FD, 2016. Anatomical study of the genus Isatis L. (Brassicaceae) in Kurdistan Region of Iraq. Zanco Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences, 28 (5): 4–39.
• Stearn WT, 1992. Botanical Latin. David & Charles Pub, London.
• Şirin E, Ertuğrul K, 2020. Significance of seed coat morpholohy in some Isatis (Brassicaceae) Taxa. The 6th International Mediterranean Symposium on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, İzmir, pp. 68.
• Şirin E, Ertuğrul K, 2021. Seed-Coat microsculpturing of some Cardamine (Brassicaceae) taxa and its systematic importance. Biyolojik Çeşitlilik ve Koruma, 14 (1): 24–27.
• Vaughan JG, Whitehouse JM, 1971. Seed structure and the taxonomy of the Cruciferae. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 64: 383–409.
• Zeng CL, Wang JB, Liu AH, Wu XM, 2004. Seed coat microsculpturing changes during seed development in diploid and amphiploid Brassica Species. Annals of Botany, 93: 555–566.