Multivariate Statistical Analysis of Pedological Similarities in Different Soil Formations

Mustafa Sağlam; Orhan Dengı̇z

Research Article

Multivariate Statistical Analysis of Pedological Similarities in Different Soil Formations

Year 2013, Volume: 3 Issue: 3, 79 - 90, 30.09.2013

Mustafa Sağlam , Orhan Dengı̇z

Abstract

The main goal of this study is to determine relationships between soils formed on ne alluvial depozit, marl and basalt parent materials and different elevations by taking into consideration of pedologic properties using multivariate statistical analyses according to their physico-chemical characteristics. This research was carried out in SAMMEY farm state area located in Ondokuz Mayis district of Samsun province. Cluster analysis and multi dimentional scaling known as multivariate statistical analyses were used to determine similarity soils classi ed as Typic Haplustept, Typic Calciustept ve Leptic Hapulustert. According to cluster method, horizons belonging to Leptic Hapulustert and Typic Calciustept and C horizon of Typic Haplustept were determined to be similar. On the other hand, other horizons of Typic Haplustept were found different from horizons of Leptic Hapulustert and Typic Calciustept. In addition, the same results were obtained from using these multivariate statistical analysis methods. Besides, Clay, CEC, sand, silty, and available Fe of soils were determined to be the most signi cant physico- chemical soil properties by taking into consideration of their similarities in multi dimentional scaling method.

Keywords

Multivariate statistic, similarity, different parent material, phsico-chemical properties

References

Bremner, J.M., Mulvaney, C.S., 1982. Nitrogen-total. Chemical and Microbiological Properties. In: Methods of Soil Analysis, Part II, 2nd Ed. ASA Agronomy Monograph, No 9, Madison, Wis- consin.
Bruce, R.C., Rayment, G.E., 1982. Analytical methods and interp- retations used by the agricultural chemistry branch for soil and land use surveys. Queensland Department of Primary Industri- es, Bulletin QB8 (2004), Indooroopilly, Queensland.
DSİ, 1986. Bafra projesi planlama revizyon raporu. DSİ 7. Bölge Müdürlüğü, Samsun.
FAO, 1990. Micronutrient, assessment at the country level: an inter- national study. FAO Soil Bulletin by Sillanpaa, Rome.
Follet, R.H., 1969. Zn, Fe, Mn and Cu in colorado soils. PhD. Dis- sertation, Colorado State University.
Gee, G.W., Bauder, J.W., 1986. Particle-size analysis. Methods of Soil Analysis. In: Physical and Mineralogical Methods, Part I, 2nd Ed. Agronomy, No 9, Madison, Wisconsin.
Hendershot, W.H., Lalande, H., Duquette, M., 1993. Soil reaction and exchangeable acidity. In: Soil Sampling and Methods of Analysis, (Editor: Carter, M.R.), Canadian Society of Soil Sci- ence.
Holford, I.C.R., Cullis, B.R., 1985. Effects of phosphate buffer ca- pacity on yield response curvature and fertiliser requirements of wheat in relation to soil phosphate tests. Australian Journal of Soil Research, 23: 417–427.
İşler, D.B., 2010. SPSS uygulamalı çok değişkenli istatistik teknik- leri. (Editör: Kalaycı, Ş.), Asil Yayın Dağıtım Ltd. Şti., An- kara.
Johnson, R., Wichern, D., 1992. Applied multivariate statistical analysis, 3th Ed. Prentice Hall.
Lindsay, W:L., Norwell, W:A., 1969. Development of a DTPA mic- ronutrient soil test. Soil Sci. Am. Proc., 35: 600-602.
Lindsay, W.L., Norvell, W.A., 1978. Development of a DTPA soil test for zinc, iron, manganese and copper. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 42: 421- 428.
Metson, A.J., 1961. Methods of chemical analysis for soil survey samples. Soil Bureau Bulletin No. 12, New Zealand Depart- ment of Scienti c and Industrial Research, 168–175.
MTA, 1961. Türkiye jeoloji haritası, Sinop paftası. MTA yayınları, Ankara.
Nelson, R.E., 1982. Carbonate and gypsum. chemical and microbi- ological properties. In: Methods of Soil Analysis, Part II, 2nd Ed. Agronomy, No 9, Madison, Wisconsin.
Nelson, D.W., Sommers, L.E., 1982. Total carbon, organic carbon, and organic matter. chemical and microbiological properties. In: Methods of Soil Analysis, Part II, 2nd Ed. Agronomy, No 9, Madison, Wisconsin.
Olsen, S.R., Cole, C.V., Watanabe, F.S., Dean, L.A., 1954. Estimati- on of available phosphorous in soils by extraction with sodium bicarbonate. USDA Circular, No 939, Washington, USA.
Rhoades, J.D., 1986. Cation exchange capacity. chemical and mic- robiological properties. In: Methods of Soil Analysis, Part II, 2nd Ed. ASA and SSSA Agronomy Monograph, No 9, Madi- son, Wisconsin.
Sağlam, M., 2013. Çok değişkenli istatistiksel yöntemler ile toprak özelliklerinin gruplandırılması. Topraksu Dergisi, 2(1): 7-14.
Şahin, A., Miran, B., 2007. Çiftçi algılarına göre bitkisel ürünlerin risk haritası: Bayındır ilçesi örneği. Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 44 (3): 59-74.
Şahin, A., 2008. Risk koşullarında tarım işletmelerinin planlanma- sı: oyun teorisi yaklaşımı. Doktora Tezi, Ege Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, İzmir.
Şahin, A., Atış, E., Miran, B., 2008. Daha etkin tarım-çevre politi- kaları için homojen alanların belirlenmesi: ege bölgesi örneği. Ekoloji Dergisi, 17 (67): 15-23.
Sarıoğlu, F.E., Dengiz, O., 2012. Soil Survey and mapping of soils formed on two different physiographic units and their clas- si cation. 8th International Soil Science Congress On “Land Degradation and Challenges in Sustainable Soil Manage- ment”, 581-586, May 15-17, Çeşme-İzmir, Turkey.
Soil Survey Staff, 1993. Soil soil survey manual. USDA Handbook, No: 18, Washington D.C.
Soil Survey Staff, 1999. Soil taxonomy. A basic of soil classi cati- onfor making and ınterpreting soil survey. USDA Handbook, No: 436, Washington D.C.
Taşdemir, İ., Güngör, E., 2002. Çok boyutlu karar verme metotları ve ormancılıkta uygulama alanları. ZKÜ Bartın Orman Fakül- tesi Dergisi, 4 (4): 1-19.
Uçar, N., 2010. SPSS uygulamalı çok değişkenli ıstatistik teknikle- ri. (Editör: Kalaycı, Ş.), Asil Yayın Dağıtım Ltd. Şti., Ankara.
Wolf, B. 1971. The determination of boron in soil extracts, plant materials, composts, manures, water and nutrient solutions. Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 2: 363-374

Farklı Toprak Oluşumlarında Pedolojik Benzerliklerin Çok Değişkenli İstatistiksel Analizi

Year 2013, Volume: 3 Issue: 3, 79 - 90, 30.09.2013

Mustafa Sağlam , Orhan Dengı̇z

Abstract

Bu çalışmada killi aluviyal depozitler, marn ve bazalt ana materyalleri ve farklı yükseklikler üzerinde
oluşan toprakların pedolejik özellikleri dikkate alınarak, ziko-kimyasal özelliklerine göre benzerliklerinin
incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma, Samsun ili Ondokuzmayıs ilçesi içerisinde yer alan SAMMEY tarım
işletmesi alanında yürütülmüştür. Typic Haplustept, Typic Calciustept ve Leptic Hapulustert olarak sını andırılan
toprakların benzerliklerine göre sını andırılmasında çok değişkenli istatistik yöntemlerinden kümeleme ve çok
boyutlu ölçekleme yöntemleri kullanılmıştır. Kümeleme yöntemine göre Leptic Hapulustert ve Typic Calciustept’e
ait horizonlar ile Typic Haplustept’e ait C horizonu benzer olarak algılanarak aynı grupta sını andırılmıştır. Typic
Haplustept’e ait diğer horizonlar ise bu horizonlardan farklı algılanmıştır. Çok boyutlu ölçekleme yöntemi ile
yapılan sını andırmada kümeleme ile önemli benzerlikler göstermiştir. Ayrıca çok boyutlu ölçekleme yönteminde
toprakların benzerliklerinin ortaya konulmasında birincil boyutta en önemli olan ziko-kimyasal toprak
özelliklerinin kil, KDK, kum, silt ve yarayışlı Fe olduğu belirlenmiştir.

Keywords

Çok değişkenli istatistik, benzerlik, farklı anamateryal ve topoğrafya, ziko-kimyasal özellikler

References

Bremner, J.M., Mulvaney, C.S., 1982. Nitrogen-total. Chemical and Microbiological Properties. In: Methods of Soil Analysis, Part II, 2nd Ed. ASA Agronomy Monograph, No 9, Madison, Wis- consin.
Bruce, R.C., Rayment, G.E., 1982. Analytical methods and interp- retations used by the agricultural chemistry branch for soil and land use surveys. Queensland Department of Primary Industri- es, Bulletin QB8 (2004), Indooroopilly, Queensland.
DSİ, 1986. Bafra projesi planlama revizyon raporu. DSİ 7. Bölge Müdürlüğü, Samsun.
FAO, 1990. Micronutrient, assessment at the country level: an inter- national study. FAO Soil Bulletin by Sillanpaa, Rome.
Follet, R.H., 1969. Zn, Fe, Mn and Cu in colorado soils. PhD. Dis- sertation, Colorado State University.
Gee, G.W., Bauder, J.W., 1986. Particle-size analysis. Methods of Soil Analysis. In: Physical and Mineralogical Methods, Part I, 2nd Ed. Agronomy, No 9, Madison, Wisconsin.
Hendershot, W.H., Lalande, H., Duquette, M., 1993. Soil reaction and exchangeable acidity. In: Soil Sampling and Methods of Analysis, (Editor: Carter, M.R.), Canadian Society of Soil Sci- ence.
Holford, I.C.R., Cullis, B.R., 1985. Effects of phosphate buffer ca- pacity on yield response curvature and fertiliser requirements of wheat in relation to soil phosphate tests. Australian Journal of Soil Research, 23: 417–427.
İşler, D.B., 2010. SPSS uygulamalı çok değişkenli istatistik teknik- leri. (Editör: Kalaycı, Ş.), Asil Yayın Dağıtım Ltd. Şti., An- kara.
Johnson, R., Wichern, D., 1992. Applied multivariate statistical analysis, 3th Ed. Prentice Hall.
Lindsay, W:L., Norwell, W:A., 1969. Development of a DTPA mic- ronutrient soil test. Soil Sci. Am. Proc., 35: 600-602.
Lindsay, W.L., Norvell, W.A., 1978. Development of a DTPA soil test for zinc, iron, manganese and copper. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 42: 421- 428.
Metson, A.J., 1961. Methods of chemical analysis for soil survey samples. Soil Bureau Bulletin No. 12, New Zealand Depart- ment of Scienti c and Industrial Research, 168–175.
MTA, 1961. Türkiye jeoloji haritası, Sinop paftası. MTA yayınları, Ankara.
Nelson, R.E., 1982. Carbonate and gypsum. chemical and microbi- ological properties. In: Methods of Soil Analysis, Part II, 2nd Ed. Agronomy, No 9, Madison, Wisconsin.
Nelson, D.W., Sommers, L.E., 1982. Total carbon, organic carbon, and organic matter. chemical and microbiological properties. In: Methods of Soil Analysis, Part II, 2nd Ed. Agronomy, No 9, Madison, Wisconsin.
Olsen, S.R., Cole, C.V., Watanabe, F.S., Dean, L.A., 1954. Estimati- on of available phosphorous in soils by extraction with sodium bicarbonate. USDA Circular, No 939, Washington, USA.
Rhoades, J.D., 1986. Cation exchange capacity. chemical and mic- robiological properties. In: Methods of Soil Analysis, Part II, 2nd Ed. ASA and SSSA Agronomy Monograph, No 9, Madi- son, Wisconsin.
Sağlam, M., 2013. Çok değişkenli istatistiksel yöntemler ile toprak özelliklerinin gruplandırılması. Topraksu Dergisi, 2(1): 7-14.
Şahin, A., Miran, B., 2007. Çiftçi algılarına göre bitkisel ürünlerin risk haritası: Bayındır ilçesi örneği. Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 44 (3): 59-74.
Şahin, A., 2008. Risk koşullarında tarım işletmelerinin planlanma- sı: oyun teorisi yaklaşımı. Doktora Tezi, Ege Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, İzmir.
Şahin, A., Atış, E., Miran, B., 2008. Daha etkin tarım-çevre politi- kaları için homojen alanların belirlenmesi: ege bölgesi örneği. Ekoloji Dergisi, 17 (67): 15-23.
Sarıoğlu, F.E., Dengiz, O., 2012. Soil Survey and mapping of soils formed on two different physiographic units and their clas- si cation. 8th International Soil Science Congress On “Land Degradation and Challenges in Sustainable Soil Manage- ment”, 581-586, May 15-17, Çeşme-İzmir, Turkey.
Soil Survey Staff, 1993. Soil soil survey manual. USDA Handbook, No: 18, Washington D.C.
Soil Survey Staff, 1999. Soil taxonomy. A basic of soil classi cati- onfor making and ınterpreting soil survey. USDA Handbook, No: 436, Washington D.C.
Taşdemir, İ., Güngör, E., 2002. Çok boyutlu karar verme metotları ve ormancılıkta uygulama alanları. ZKÜ Bartın Orman Fakül- tesi Dergisi, 4 (4): 1-19.
Uçar, N., 2010. SPSS uygulamalı çok değişkenli ıstatistik teknikle- ri. (Editör: Kalaycı, Ş.), Asil Yayın Dağıtım Ltd. Şti., Ankara.
Wolf, B. 1971. The determination of boron in soil extracts, plant materials, composts, manures, water and nutrient solutions. Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 2: 363-374

There are 28 citations in total.

Details

Journal Section	Toprak Bilimi ve Bitki Besleme / Soil Science and Plant Nutrition
Authors	Mustafa Sağlam Orhan Dengı̇z This is me
Publication Date	September 30, 2013
Submission Date	April 22, 2013
Acceptance Date	July 21, 2013
Published in Issue	Year 2013 Volume: 3 Issue: 3

Cite

APA	Sağlam M., & Dengı̇z O. (2013). Multivariate Statistical Analysis of Pedological Similarities in Different Soil Formations. Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology, 3(3), 79-90.
AMA	Sağlam M, Dengı̇z O. Multivariate Statistical Analysis of Pedological Similarities in Different Soil Formations. J. Inst. Sci. and Tech. September 2013;3(3):79-90.
Chicago	Sağlam Mustafa, and Dengı̇z Orhan. “Multivariate Statistical Analysis of Pedological Similarities in Different Soil Formations”. Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology 3, no. 3 (September 2013): 79-90.
EndNote	Sağlam M, Dengı̇z O (September 1, 2013) Multivariate Statistical Analysis of Pedological Similarities in Different Soil Formations. Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology 3 3 79–90.
IEEE	Sağlam M. and Dengı̇z O., “Multivariate Statistical Analysis of Pedological Similarities in Different Soil Formations”, J. Inst. Sci. and Tech., vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 79–90, 2013.
ISNAD	Sağlam Mustafa - Dengı̇z Orhan. “Multivariate Statistical Analysis of Pedological Similarities in Different Soil Formations”. Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology 3/3 (September 2013), 79-90.
JAMA	Sağlam M, Dengı̇z O. Multivariate Statistical Analysis of Pedological Similarities in Different Soil Formations. J. Inst. Sci. and Tech. 2013;3:79–90.
MLA	Sağlam Mustafa and Dengı̇z Orhan. “Multivariate Statistical Analysis of Pedological Similarities in Different Soil Formations”. Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology, vol. 3, no. 3, 2013, pp. 79-90.
Vancouver	Sağlam M, Dengı̇z O. Multivariate Statistical Analysis of Pedological Similarities in Different Soil Formations. J. Inst. Sci. and Tech. 2013;3(3):79-90.

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