Kinetics of Adsorption of Lead onto Low Cost Adsorbents: Comparison of Linear and Non-Linear Regression Methods

Year 2013, Volume: 3 Issue: 4, 71 - 77, 31.12.2013

Isaiah Adesola Oke

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to utilize common solid wastes (carbon rods from used batteries, egg
shells and corn cobs) as adsorbents for lead removal from aqueous solution. For this purpose, linear and non-linear
regression methods of widely used kinetics models were compared. Solid wastes (speci cally, egg shells, corn cobs
and used dry batteries) were collected from selected location in Nigeria. The materials collected were washed with
distilled water, air-dried, ground into powder and classi ed using British Standard sieve. The mineral contents of
these adsorbents were determined. Adsorption capacities of powdered adsorbents were examined on synthetic lead
solution prepared by using standard method. The results of adsorption capacities analysed using linear and non-lin-
ear techniques were evaluated statistically. The present study re ected that these materials are good adsorbents
based on the micrograph and adsorption capacities. In the result of the statistical evaluations, non-linear regression
method is the best method to be used for: analysis adsorption kinetics model(intraparticle diffusion and pseudo sec-
ond order) based on high MSC (2.54, 2.34 and 2.57; 4.45, 4.15 and 4.22) and CD (0.960, 0.951 and 0.961; 0.994,
0.992, 0.992); low error (0.375, 0.325 and 0.213; 2.994, 2.604 and 2.909) and Chi squared value (0.030, 0.030 and
0.020; 0.180, 0.190 and 0.200) and determination of engineering parameters to prevent failure of adsorption reac-
tors. Cost analysis showed that these adsorbents are cheaper compared to the cost of producing other adsorbents
such as pen con shell based activated carbon (2.72 USD kg-1) and sugar cane based granular activated carbon by
steam (3.12 USD kg-1). 

Keywords

Pb2+ removal, PCC, aqueous solution, regression methods, environmental pollution control

Kurşunun Düşük Maliyetli Absorbent ile Absorbsiyonunun Kinetiği: Doğrusal ve Doğrusal Olmayan Regresyon Modellerinin Karşılaştırılması

Abstract

Bu makalenin amacı, sıvı çözeltiden kurşun giderimini sağlamak amacıyla absorbentler olarak sıradan
katı atıklardan (atık pillerin karbon çubukları, yumurta kabukları ve mısır koçanları) yararlanmaktır. Bu amaç için,
kinetik modellerde yaygın olarak kullanılan doğrusal ve doğrusal olmayan modellerin karşılaştırılmıştır. Bu katı
atıklar (atık kuru pillerin karbon çubukları, yumurta kabukları ve mısır koçanlar) Nijerya’nın belli bölgelerinden
toplanmıştır. Toplanan materyallar, distile su ile yıkanıldıktan sonra hava ile kurutulmuş ve toz haline getirildikten
İngiliz elek standartları ile sını andırılmıştır. Toz haline getirilen absorbentlerin absorbsiyon kapasiteleri, standart
metotlar kullanarak hazırlanan sentetik kurşun çözeltisi ile incelenmiştir. Absorbsiyon kapasiteleri, doğrusal ve
doğrusal olmayan analiz teknikleri ile değerlendirilmiş, elde edilen sonuçlar istatistiksel olarak değerlendirilmiştir.
Çalışma sonuçları, mikrograf ve absorbsiyon kapasitelerine bağlı olarak incelenen materyallerin, iyi absorbent-
ler olduğunu göstermiştir. Yapılan istatistiksel değerlendirmeler sonucunda, doğrusal olmayan modellerin, yüksek
MSC (2.54, 2.34 ve 2.57; 4.45, 4.15 and 4.22) and CD (0.960, 0.951 ve 0.961; 0.994, 0.992, 0.992); düşük hata
(0.375, 0.325 and 0.213; 2.994, 2.604 and 2.909) and ki-kare değerleri (0.030, 0.030 ve 0.020; 0.180, 0.190 ve
0.200) temelinde absorbsiyon kinetik modelleri (intra-partikül difüzyon ve pseudo ikinci mertebe) için kullanılan
ve absorbsiyon reaktörlerinin başarısızlığını önleyen en iyi metot olduğu saptanmıştır. Maaliyet analizi, bu ab-
sorbentlerin diğer absorbentlerden (aktive edilmiş karbona dayalı atıklar (2.72 USD kg-1) ve buharlı taneli aktif
karbona dayalı seker kamışı (3.12 USD kg-1)) daha ucuz olduğunu göstermiştir. 

Keywords

Çevre kirliliği, Pb2+ giderimi, regresyon modeller, sıvı çözelti, Toz haline getirilmiş mısır koçanı (THGMK)

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