Research Article
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In Vitro Evaluation of Cytotoxic and Antitumor Activities of The Tamoxifen and Doxorubicin Combination on MCF-7 and BT-474 Breast Cancer Cell Lines

Year 2023, Volume: 13 Issue: 4, 2997 - 3006, 01.12.2023
https://doi.org/10.21597/jist.1259575

Abstract

The combination therapy of breast cancer has preferred for the patients to minimize possible side effects, drug resistance, recurrence and toxic effects. In this study, we aim to investigate the cytotoxic and antitumor activities the tamoxifen and doxorubicin combination in breast cancer cell lines, MCF-7 and BT-474. Tamoxifen (Tam) and doxorubicin (Dox) and their combination with different concentrations (0.625–20 μM Tam; 0.0625–2 μM Dox and 5 μM Tam+ 0.5/1.0/1.5 μM Dox combination were applied to MCF-7 and BT-474 cells for 48 hours. Afterthat, their cytotoxic activities were analyzed with MTT assay. Bcl-2, Mapt and Mrp1 are genes that induce cell proliferation, inhibit apoptosis and play role in drug resistance in cancer cells. To evaluate the antitumor activities of these genes in combination treatment, mRNA levels were analyzed by quantitative PCR. According to the MTT assay, it was determined that IC50 values as 17.26 μM and 16.65 μM for tamoxifen on MCF-7 and BT-474 breast cancer cell lines. IC50 values of doxorubicin in MCF-7 and BT-474 cells were 1.65 μM and 1.57 μM, respectively. It was found that the application of the combination drugs (15 μM tamoxifen and 1.5 μM doxorubicin) in MCF-7 and BT-474 cells have the lowest combination index values as 1.09 and 1.26, respectively. Therefore, the combination of 15 μM tamoxifen and 1.5 μM doxorubicin was selected and applied to both breast cancer cell lines for gene expression analysis. It was found that while Mrp1 and Mapt genes expressions were significantly upregulated, Bcl-2 gene expression was downregulated in MCF-7 cells. However, Bcl-2, Mrp1 and Mapt genes expressions in BT-474 cells were not significantly regulated. Altogether, these findings suggest that the combination of these two drugs may have a potential antagonistic interaction according combination index values.

Supporting Institution

Scientific Research Projects Department (BAP) of Hitit University

Project Number

FEF19001.20.002

Thanks

This study was supported the Scientific Research Projects Department (BAP) of Hitit University with project number of FEF19001.20.002.

References

  • Ahmann, F. R., Jones, S. E., Moon, T. E., Hammond, N., Miller, T. P., & Durie, B. G. M. (1985). Chemohormonal therapy for advanced breast cancer with tamoxifen, adriamycin, and cyclophosphamide (TAC). Cancer, 56, 730–7. -
  • Ajabnoor, G. M. A., Crook, T., & Coley, H. M. (2012). Paclitaxel resistance is associated with switch from apoptotic to autophagic cell death in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Cell Death &Disease, 3. https://doi.org/10.1038/cddis.2011.139.
  • AL-Jailawi, M. H., Mansor, Nas, H., &Munaim Azi, G. (2015). Characterization of biosurfactant produced by a novel Thermophillic Strain (Geobacillus thermoleovorans JQ 912239). Asian Journal of Biotechnology, 7, 96–107. https://doi.org/10.3923/ajbkr.2015.96.107.
  • Andre, F., Hatzis, C., Anderson, K., Sotiriou, C., Mazouni, C., Mejia, J., Wang, B., Hortobagyi, G., Symmans, W., &Pusztai, L. (2007). Microtubule-associated protein-tau is a bifunctional predictor of endocrine sensitivity and chemotherapy resistance in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer. Clinical Cancer Research, 13, 2061–7. https://doi.org/10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-06-2078.
  • Blomqvist, C., Tiusanen, K., Elomaa, I., Rissanen, P., Hietanen, T., Heinonen, E., &Gröhn, P. (1992). The combination of radiotherapy, adjuvant chemotherapy (Cyclophosphamide-doxorubicin-ftorafur) and tamoxifen in stage 2 breast cancer. Long-term follow-up results of a randomised trial. British Journal of Cancer, 66, 1171–6. https://doi.org/10.1038/bjc.1992.430.
  • Borst, P., Evers, R., Kool, M., &Wijnholds, J. (2000). A family of drug transporters: The multidrug resistance-associated proteins. Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 92, 1295–302. https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/92.16.1295.
  • Boyle, Michael., Chun, Crystal., Strojny, Chelsee., Narayanan, Raghuvaran., Bartholomew, Amelia., Sundivakkam, Premanand., Alapati, S. (2015). Chronic Inflammation and AngiogenicAxis Impairs Differentiation of Dental-Pulp Stem Cells. PLoS ONE, 9(11): e113419. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0113419
  • Chou, T. C.,& Talalay, P. (1984). Quantitative analysis of dose-effect relationships: the combined effects of multiple drugs or enzyme inhibitors. Advances in Enzyme Regulation, 22, 27–55. https://doi.org/10.1016/0065-2571(84)90007-4.
  • Chuang, P. Y., Huang, C., &Huang, H., C. (2013). The use of a combination of tamoxifen and doxorubicin synergistically to induce cell cycle arrest in BT483 cells by down-regulating CDK1, CDK2 and cyclin D expression. Journal of Pharmaceutical Technology and Drug Research, 2, 12. https://doi.org/10.7243/2050-120x-2-12.
  • Dallavalle, S., Dobričić, V., Lazzarato, L., Gazzano, E., Machuqueiro, M., Pajeva, I., Tsakovska, I., Zidar, N., Fruttero, R. (2020). Improvement of conventional anti-cancer drugs as new tools against multidrug resistant tumors. Drug ResistanceUpdates, 50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drup.2020.100682.
  • Das, G., Oturkar, C., Adams C., Park, J., Dolan, Melissa., Mastri, Michalis., Oshi, Masanori, Tokumaru, Yoshihisa., Mukhopadhyay, Utpal., Abha, Kalyani., Jung, Kwang Hwa., Yang, Sukjin., Kim, Suna., Ebos, John., Takabe, Kazuaki., Kaipparettu, Benny. (2022). Combination of tamoxifen and doxorubicin targets estrogen receptor beta-mutant p53-p73 axis: A novel therapeutic strategy for triple negative breast cancer. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022. Cancer Research, 82, 3986-3986. https://doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.AM2022-3986.
  • Drechsel, D. N., Hyman, A. A, Cobb, M.H., &Kirschner, M.W. (1992). Modulation of the dynamic instability of tubulin assembly by the microtubule-associated protein tau. Molecular Biology of the Cell, 3, 1141–54. https://doi.org/10.1091/mbc.3.10.1141.
  • Gao, M., Miao, L., Liu, M., Li, C., Yu, C., Yan, H., Yin, Y., Wang, Y., Qi, X., Ren, J.(2016). miR-145 sensitizes breast cancer to doxorubicin by targeting multidrug resistance-associated protein-1. Oncotarget, 13, 7(37), 59714-59726. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.10845.
  • Hawkin, R. A., Arends, M. J., Ritchie, A. A, Langdon, S., &Miller, W. R. Tamoxifen increases apoptosis but does not influence markers of proliferation in an MCF-7 xenograft model of breast cancer. Breast, 9, 96–106. https://doi.org/10.1054/brst.2000.0140.
  • Ikeda, H., Taira, N., Hara, F., Fujita T, Yamamoto, H., Soh, J., Toyooka, S., Nogami, T., Shien, T., Doihara, H., Miyoshi, S. (2010). The estrogen receptor influences microtubule-associated protein tau (MAPT) expression and the selective estrogen receptor inhibitor fulvestrant downregulates MAPT and increases the sensitivity to taxane in breast cancer cells. Breast Cancer Research, 12, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1186/BCR2598/TABLES/2.
  • Kazan, H. H, Urfali-Mamatoglu, C., Yalcin, G. D., Bulut, O., Sezer, A., Banerjee, S.,& Gündüz, U. (2020). 15-LOX-1 has diverse roles in the resensitization of resistant cancer cell lines to doxorubicin. Journal of Cellular Physiology, 235, 4965–78. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcp.29375.
  • Khadka, N. K., Cheng, X., Ho, C. S., Katsaras, J., Pan, J. (2015). Interactions of the Anticancer Drug Tamoxifen with Lipid Membranes. Biophysical Journal, 108:2492–501. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpj.2015.04.010.
  • Kim, B., Stephen, S. L. , Hanby, A. M., Horgan, K., Perry, S.L, Richardson, J., Roundhill, E. A.,. Valleley, E. M. A., Verghese, E. T., Williams, B. J., James, L., & Thorne & Thomas, A. (2015). Hughes Chemotherapy induces Notch1-dependent MRP1 up-regulation, inhibition of which sensitizes breast cancer cells to chemotherapy. BMC Cancer, 15. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-015-1625-y.
  • Kocdogan, A., Oğuztüzün, S., Simsek, G.,& Mustafa, T. (2020). Investigation of GST isoenzymes, multi-drug resistance proteins and apoptotic effect in MCF-7 human breast cancer cell line before and after doxorubicin treatment. Istanbul Gelisim University Journal of Health Sciencens, 10, 1–18.
  • Müller, M., De Vries, E. G. E., &Jansen, P. L. M. (1996). Role of multidrug resistance protein (MRP) in glutathione -conjugate transport in mammalian cells. Journal of Hepatology, 24, 100–8.
  • Ouyang, Z. X., & Li, X. A. (2013). Inhibitory effects of tamoxifen and doxorubicin, alone and in combination, on the proliferation of the MG63 human osteosarcoma cell line. Oncology Letters, 6, 970–6. https://doi.org/10.3892/OL.2013.1487.
  • Park, S., Tournell, C., Sinjoanu, R., &Ferreira, A. (2007). Caspase-3- and calpain-mediated tau cleavage are differentially prevented by estrogen and testosterone in beta-amyloid-treated hippocampal neurons. Neuroscience, 144, 119–27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroscience.2006.09.012.
  • Pawlik, A., Słomińska-Wojewódzka, M., &Herman-Antosiewicz, A. (2016). Sensitization of estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer cell lines to 4-hydroxytamoxifen by isothiocyanates present in cruciferous plants. European Journal of Nutrition, 55, 1165–80. https://doi.org/10.1007/S00394-015-0930-1.
  • Rodrigues-Ferreira, S., Nehlig, A., Moindjie, H., Monchecourt, C., Seiler, C., Marangoni, E., Chateau-Joubert, S.,Dujaric, M.E., Servant, N. Asselain, B., Cremoux, P., Triki, M. L., Arnedos, M., Pierga, J. Y., André, F., & Nahmias, C. (2019). Improving breast cancer sensitivity to paclitaxel by increasing aneuploidy. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences U S A, 116, 23691–7. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1910824116.
  • Rossé, T., Olivier, R., Monney, L., Rager, M., Conus, S., Fellay, I., Jansen, B.,&Borner, C. (1998). Bcl-2 prolongs cell survival after Bax-induced release of cytochrome c.Nature, 391, 496–9. https://doi.org/10.1038/35160.
  • Rouzier, R., Rajan, R., Wagner, P., Hess, K. R., Gold, D. L, Stec, J., Mark Ayers, Jeffrey S. Ross, Zhang, P., Buchholz, T.A., Kuerer, H., Green, M., Arun, B., Hortobagyi, G. N., Symmans, W. F., &Pusztai, L. (2005). Microtubule-associated protein tau: A marker of paclitaxel sensitivity in breast cancer. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 102, 8315–20. https://doi.org/10.1073/PNAS.0408974102/SUPPL_FILE/08974FIG5.JPG.
  • Salami, S., & Karami-Tehrani, F. (2003) Biochemical studies of apoptosis induced by tamoxifen in estrogen receptor positive and negative breast cancer cell lines. Clinical Biochemistry, 36, 247–53. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0009-9120(03)00007-9.
  • Salgueiro, S. R., Núñez, L. G., del Barco Herrera, D. G., Febles, E. S., Ares, D. M., López, R. M., &Acosta, J. B. (2014). Role of epidermal growth factor and growth hormonereleasing peptide-6 in acceleration of renal tissue repair after kanamycin overdosing in rats. Iranian Journal of Kidney Diseases, 8, 382–8.
  • Seong, M. K., Lee, J. Y., Byeon, J., Sohn, Y. J., Seol, H., Lee, J. K, Kim, E. K., Kim H. A., & Noh, W. C. ( 2015). Bcl-2 is a highly significant prognostic marker of hormone-receptor-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor-2-negative breast cancer. Breast Cancer Research and Treatment, 150, 141–8. https://doi.org/10.1007/S10549-015-3305-7.
  • Sheppard, C., Beyel, V., Fracchia, J.,& Merlis, S. (1974). Polypharmacy in psychiatry: a multi state comparison of psychotropic drug combinations. Diseases of the nervous system, 35, 183–9.
  • Thomadaki, H.,& Scorilas, A. (2008). Molecular profile of breast versus ovarian cancer cells in response to treatment with the anticancer drugs cisplatin, carboplatin, doxorubicin, etoposide and taxol. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 389, 1427–34. https://doi.org/10.1515/BC.2008.161.
  • Wang, H., Vo, T., Hajar, A., Li, S., Chen, X., Parissenti, A. M., Brindley, B. N., Wang, Z. (2014). Multiple mechanisms underlying acquired resistance to taxanes in selected docetaxel-resistant MCF-7 breast cancer cells. BMC Cancer, 14. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2407-14-37.
  • Wen, S. H. , Su, S. C., Liou, B.H, Lin,C. H.,& Lee, K. R. (2018). Sulbactam-enhanced cytotoxicity of doxorubicin in breast cancer cells. Cancer Cell International, 18. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12935-018-0625-9.
  • Wind, N. S., &Holen, I. (2011). Multidrug resistance in breast cancer: from ın vitro models to clinical studies. International Journal of Breast Cancer, 2011, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.4061/2011/967419.
  • Woods, K. E, Randolph, J. K, & Gewirtz, D. A. (1994). Antagonism between tamoxifen and doxorubicin in the MCF-7 human breast tumor cell line. Biochemical Pharmacology, 47, 1449–52. https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-2952(94)90346-8.
  • Young, K. M. (2021). Relating Mechanical and Genetic Data at Single Cell Level across the Genome to Investigate Metastasis. Doctoral Thesis, Emory University, 57.
  • Zhang, G. J., Kimijima, I., Onda, M., Kanno, M., Sato, H., Watanabe, T., Tsuchiya, A., Abe, R., &Takenoshita, S.(1999). Tamoxifen-induced apoptosis in breast cancer cells relates to down- regulation of bcl-2, but not bax and bcl-X(L), without alteration of p53 protein levels. Clinical Cancer Research, 5, 2971–7.
  • Zheng, A., Kallio, A.,& Härkönen, P. (2007). Tamoxifen-induced rapid death of MCF-7 breast cancer cells is mediated via extracellularly signal-regulated kinase signaling and can be abrogated by estrogen. Endocrinology, 148, 2764–77. https://doi.org/10.1210/en.2006-1269.
Year 2023, Volume: 13 Issue: 4, 2997 - 3006, 01.12.2023
https://doi.org/10.21597/jist.1259575

Abstract

Project Number

FEF19001.20.002

References

  • Ahmann, F. R., Jones, S. E., Moon, T. E., Hammond, N., Miller, T. P., & Durie, B. G. M. (1985). Chemohormonal therapy for advanced breast cancer with tamoxifen, adriamycin, and cyclophosphamide (TAC). Cancer, 56, 730–7. -
  • Ajabnoor, G. M. A., Crook, T., & Coley, H. M. (2012). Paclitaxel resistance is associated with switch from apoptotic to autophagic cell death in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Cell Death &Disease, 3. https://doi.org/10.1038/cddis.2011.139.
  • AL-Jailawi, M. H., Mansor, Nas, H., &Munaim Azi, G. (2015). Characterization of biosurfactant produced by a novel Thermophillic Strain (Geobacillus thermoleovorans JQ 912239). Asian Journal of Biotechnology, 7, 96–107. https://doi.org/10.3923/ajbkr.2015.96.107.
  • Andre, F., Hatzis, C., Anderson, K., Sotiriou, C., Mazouni, C., Mejia, J., Wang, B., Hortobagyi, G., Symmans, W., &Pusztai, L. (2007). Microtubule-associated protein-tau is a bifunctional predictor of endocrine sensitivity and chemotherapy resistance in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer. Clinical Cancer Research, 13, 2061–7. https://doi.org/10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-06-2078.
  • Blomqvist, C., Tiusanen, K., Elomaa, I., Rissanen, P., Hietanen, T., Heinonen, E., &Gröhn, P. (1992). The combination of radiotherapy, adjuvant chemotherapy (Cyclophosphamide-doxorubicin-ftorafur) and tamoxifen in stage 2 breast cancer. Long-term follow-up results of a randomised trial. British Journal of Cancer, 66, 1171–6. https://doi.org/10.1038/bjc.1992.430.
  • Borst, P., Evers, R., Kool, M., &Wijnholds, J. (2000). A family of drug transporters: The multidrug resistance-associated proteins. Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 92, 1295–302. https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/92.16.1295.
  • Boyle, Michael., Chun, Crystal., Strojny, Chelsee., Narayanan, Raghuvaran., Bartholomew, Amelia., Sundivakkam, Premanand., Alapati, S. (2015). Chronic Inflammation and AngiogenicAxis Impairs Differentiation of Dental-Pulp Stem Cells. PLoS ONE, 9(11): e113419. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0113419
  • Chou, T. C.,& Talalay, P. (1984). Quantitative analysis of dose-effect relationships: the combined effects of multiple drugs or enzyme inhibitors. Advances in Enzyme Regulation, 22, 27–55. https://doi.org/10.1016/0065-2571(84)90007-4.
  • Chuang, P. Y., Huang, C., &Huang, H., C. (2013). The use of a combination of tamoxifen and doxorubicin synergistically to induce cell cycle arrest in BT483 cells by down-regulating CDK1, CDK2 and cyclin D expression. Journal of Pharmaceutical Technology and Drug Research, 2, 12. https://doi.org/10.7243/2050-120x-2-12.
  • Dallavalle, S., Dobričić, V., Lazzarato, L., Gazzano, E., Machuqueiro, M., Pajeva, I., Tsakovska, I., Zidar, N., Fruttero, R. (2020). Improvement of conventional anti-cancer drugs as new tools against multidrug resistant tumors. Drug ResistanceUpdates, 50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drup.2020.100682.
  • Das, G., Oturkar, C., Adams C., Park, J., Dolan, Melissa., Mastri, Michalis., Oshi, Masanori, Tokumaru, Yoshihisa., Mukhopadhyay, Utpal., Abha, Kalyani., Jung, Kwang Hwa., Yang, Sukjin., Kim, Suna., Ebos, John., Takabe, Kazuaki., Kaipparettu, Benny. (2022). Combination of tamoxifen and doxorubicin targets estrogen receptor beta-mutant p53-p73 axis: A novel therapeutic strategy for triple negative breast cancer. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022. Cancer Research, 82, 3986-3986. https://doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.AM2022-3986.
  • Drechsel, D. N., Hyman, A. A, Cobb, M.H., &Kirschner, M.W. (1992). Modulation of the dynamic instability of tubulin assembly by the microtubule-associated protein tau. Molecular Biology of the Cell, 3, 1141–54. https://doi.org/10.1091/mbc.3.10.1141.
  • Gao, M., Miao, L., Liu, M., Li, C., Yu, C., Yan, H., Yin, Y., Wang, Y., Qi, X., Ren, J.(2016). miR-145 sensitizes breast cancer to doxorubicin by targeting multidrug resistance-associated protein-1. Oncotarget, 13, 7(37), 59714-59726. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.10845.
  • Hawkin, R. A., Arends, M. J., Ritchie, A. A, Langdon, S., &Miller, W. R. Tamoxifen increases apoptosis but does not influence markers of proliferation in an MCF-7 xenograft model of breast cancer. Breast, 9, 96–106. https://doi.org/10.1054/brst.2000.0140.
  • Ikeda, H., Taira, N., Hara, F., Fujita T, Yamamoto, H., Soh, J., Toyooka, S., Nogami, T., Shien, T., Doihara, H., Miyoshi, S. (2010). The estrogen receptor influences microtubule-associated protein tau (MAPT) expression and the selective estrogen receptor inhibitor fulvestrant downregulates MAPT and increases the sensitivity to taxane in breast cancer cells. Breast Cancer Research, 12, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1186/BCR2598/TABLES/2.
  • Kazan, H. H, Urfali-Mamatoglu, C., Yalcin, G. D., Bulut, O., Sezer, A., Banerjee, S.,& Gündüz, U. (2020). 15-LOX-1 has diverse roles in the resensitization of resistant cancer cell lines to doxorubicin. Journal of Cellular Physiology, 235, 4965–78. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcp.29375.
  • Khadka, N. K., Cheng, X., Ho, C. S., Katsaras, J., Pan, J. (2015). Interactions of the Anticancer Drug Tamoxifen with Lipid Membranes. Biophysical Journal, 108:2492–501. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpj.2015.04.010.
  • Kim, B., Stephen, S. L. , Hanby, A. M., Horgan, K., Perry, S.L, Richardson, J., Roundhill, E. A.,. Valleley, E. M. A., Verghese, E. T., Williams, B. J., James, L., & Thorne & Thomas, A. (2015). Hughes Chemotherapy induces Notch1-dependent MRP1 up-regulation, inhibition of which sensitizes breast cancer cells to chemotherapy. BMC Cancer, 15. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-015-1625-y.
  • Kocdogan, A., Oğuztüzün, S., Simsek, G.,& Mustafa, T. (2020). Investigation of GST isoenzymes, multi-drug resistance proteins and apoptotic effect in MCF-7 human breast cancer cell line before and after doxorubicin treatment. Istanbul Gelisim University Journal of Health Sciencens, 10, 1–18.
  • Müller, M., De Vries, E. G. E., &Jansen, P. L. M. (1996). Role of multidrug resistance protein (MRP) in glutathione -conjugate transport in mammalian cells. Journal of Hepatology, 24, 100–8.
  • Ouyang, Z. X., & Li, X. A. (2013). Inhibitory effects of tamoxifen and doxorubicin, alone and in combination, on the proliferation of the MG63 human osteosarcoma cell line. Oncology Letters, 6, 970–6. https://doi.org/10.3892/OL.2013.1487.
  • Park, S., Tournell, C., Sinjoanu, R., &Ferreira, A. (2007). Caspase-3- and calpain-mediated tau cleavage are differentially prevented by estrogen and testosterone in beta-amyloid-treated hippocampal neurons. Neuroscience, 144, 119–27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroscience.2006.09.012.
  • Pawlik, A., Słomińska-Wojewódzka, M., &Herman-Antosiewicz, A. (2016). Sensitization of estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer cell lines to 4-hydroxytamoxifen by isothiocyanates present in cruciferous plants. European Journal of Nutrition, 55, 1165–80. https://doi.org/10.1007/S00394-015-0930-1.
  • Rodrigues-Ferreira, S., Nehlig, A., Moindjie, H., Monchecourt, C., Seiler, C., Marangoni, E., Chateau-Joubert, S.,Dujaric, M.E., Servant, N. Asselain, B., Cremoux, P., Triki, M. L., Arnedos, M., Pierga, J. Y., André, F., & Nahmias, C. (2019). Improving breast cancer sensitivity to paclitaxel by increasing aneuploidy. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences U S A, 116, 23691–7. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1910824116.
  • Rossé, T., Olivier, R., Monney, L., Rager, M., Conus, S., Fellay, I., Jansen, B.,&Borner, C. (1998). Bcl-2 prolongs cell survival after Bax-induced release of cytochrome c.Nature, 391, 496–9. https://doi.org/10.1038/35160.
  • Rouzier, R., Rajan, R., Wagner, P., Hess, K. R., Gold, D. L, Stec, J., Mark Ayers, Jeffrey S. Ross, Zhang, P., Buchholz, T.A., Kuerer, H., Green, M., Arun, B., Hortobagyi, G. N., Symmans, W. F., &Pusztai, L. (2005). Microtubule-associated protein tau: A marker of paclitaxel sensitivity in breast cancer. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 102, 8315–20. https://doi.org/10.1073/PNAS.0408974102/SUPPL_FILE/08974FIG5.JPG.
  • Salami, S., & Karami-Tehrani, F. (2003) Biochemical studies of apoptosis induced by tamoxifen in estrogen receptor positive and negative breast cancer cell lines. Clinical Biochemistry, 36, 247–53. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0009-9120(03)00007-9.
  • Salgueiro, S. R., Núñez, L. G., del Barco Herrera, D. G., Febles, E. S., Ares, D. M., López, R. M., &Acosta, J. B. (2014). Role of epidermal growth factor and growth hormonereleasing peptide-6 in acceleration of renal tissue repair after kanamycin overdosing in rats. Iranian Journal of Kidney Diseases, 8, 382–8.
  • Seong, M. K., Lee, J. Y., Byeon, J., Sohn, Y. J., Seol, H., Lee, J. K, Kim, E. K., Kim H. A., & Noh, W. C. ( 2015). Bcl-2 is a highly significant prognostic marker of hormone-receptor-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor-2-negative breast cancer. Breast Cancer Research and Treatment, 150, 141–8. https://doi.org/10.1007/S10549-015-3305-7.
  • Sheppard, C., Beyel, V., Fracchia, J.,& Merlis, S. (1974). Polypharmacy in psychiatry: a multi state comparison of psychotropic drug combinations. Diseases of the nervous system, 35, 183–9.
  • Thomadaki, H.,& Scorilas, A. (2008). Molecular profile of breast versus ovarian cancer cells in response to treatment with the anticancer drugs cisplatin, carboplatin, doxorubicin, etoposide and taxol. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 389, 1427–34. https://doi.org/10.1515/BC.2008.161.
  • Wang, H., Vo, T., Hajar, A., Li, S., Chen, X., Parissenti, A. M., Brindley, B. N., Wang, Z. (2014). Multiple mechanisms underlying acquired resistance to taxanes in selected docetaxel-resistant MCF-7 breast cancer cells. BMC Cancer, 14. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2407-14-37.
  • Wen, S. H. , Su, S. C., Liou, B.H, Lin,C. H.,& Lee, K. R. (2018). Sulbactam-enhanced cytotoxicity of doxorubicin in breast cancer cells. Cancer Cell International, 18. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12935-018-0625-9.
  • Wind, N. S., &Holen, I. (2011). Multidrug resistance in breast cancer: from ın vitro models to clinical studies. International Journal of Breast Cancer, 2011, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.4061/2011/967419.
  • Woods, K. E, Randolph, J. K, & Gewirtz, D. A. (1994). Antagonism between tamoxifen and doxorubicin in the MCF-7 human breast tumor cell line. Biochemical Pharmacology, 47, 1449–52. https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-2952(94)90346-8.
  • Young, K. M. (2021). Relating Mechanical and Genetic Data at Single Cell Level across the Genome to Investigate Metastasis. Doctoral Thesis, Emory University, 57.
  • Zhang, G. J., Kimijima, I., Onda, M., Kanno, M., Sato, H., Watanabe, T., Tsuchiya, A., Abe, R., &Takenoshita, S.(1999). Tamoxifen-induced apoptosis in breast cancer cells relates to down- regulation of bcl-2, but not bax and bcl-X(L), without alteration of p53 protein levels. Clinical Cancer Research, 5, 2971–7.
  • Zheng, A., Kallio, A.,& Härkönen, P. (2007). Tamoxifen-induced rapid death of MCF-7 breast cancer cells is mediated via extracellularly signal-regulated kinase signaling and can be abrogated by estrogen. Endocrinology, 148, 2764–77. https://doi.org/10.1210/en.2006-1269.
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Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Genetics
Journal Section Moleküler Biyoloji ve Genetik / Moleculer Biology and Genetic
Authors

Menderes Suiçmez 0000-0003-0890-8235

Gamze Namalır 0000-0001-6588-8504

Hilal Özdil 0000-0003-3477-3610

Project Number FEF19001.20.002
Early Pub Date November 30, 2023
Publication Date December 1, 2023
Submission Date March 3, 2023
Acceptance Date September 19, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 13 Issue: 4

Cite

APA Suiçmez, M., Namalır, G., & Özdil, H. (2023). In Vitro Evaluation of Cytotoxic and Antitumor Activities of The Tamoxifen and Doxorubicin Combination on MCF-7 and BT-474 Breast Cancer Cell Lines. Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology, 13(4), 2997-3006. https://doi.org/10.21597/jist.1259575
AMA Suiçmez M, Namalır G, Özdil H. In Vitro Evaluation of Cytotoxic and Antitumor Activities of The Tamoxifen and Doxorubicin Combination on MCF-7 and BT-474 Breast Cancer Cell Lines. J. Inst. Sci. and Tech. December 2023;13(4):2997-3006. doi:10.21597/jist.1259575
Chicago Suiçmez, Menderes, Gamze Namalır, and Hilal Özdil. “In Vitro Evaluation of Cytotoxic and Antitumor Activities of The Tamoxifen and Doxorubicin Combination on MCF-7 and BT-474 Breast Cancer Cell Lines”. Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology 13, no. 4 (December 2023): 2997-3006. https://doi.org/10.21597/jist.1259575.
EndNote Suiçmez M, Namalır G, Özdil H (December 1, 2023) In Vitro Evaluation of Cytotoxic and Antitumor Activities of The Tamoxifen and Doxorubicin Combination on MCF-7 and BT-474 Breast Cancer Cell Lines. Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology 13 4 2997–3006.
IEEE M. Suiçmez, G. Namalır, and H. Özdil, “In Vitro Evaluation of Cytotoxic and Antitumor Activities of The Tamoxifen and Doxorubicin Combination on MCF-7 and BT-474 Breast Cancer Cell Lines”, J. Inst. Sci. and Tech., vol. 13, no. 4, pp. 2997–3006, 2023, doi: 10.21597/jist.1259575.
ISNAD Suiçmez, Menderes et al. “In Vitro Evaluation of Cytotoxic and Antitumor Activities of The Tamoxifen and Doxorubicin Combination on MCF-7 and BT-474 Breast Cancer Cell Lines”. Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology 13/4 (December 2023), 2997-3006. https://doi.org/10.21597/jist.1259575.
JAMA Suiçmez M, Namalır G, Özdil H. In Vitro Evaluation of Cytotoxic and Antitumor Activities of The Tamoxifen and Doxorubicin Combination on MCF-7 and BT-474 Breast Cancer Cell Lines. J. Inst. Sci. and Tech. 2023;13:2997–3006.
MLA Suiçmez, Menderes et al. “In Vitro Evaluation of Cytotoxic and Antitumor Activities of The Tamoxifen and Doxorubicin Combination on MCF-7 and BT-474 Breast Cancer Cell Lines”. Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology, vol. 13, no. 4, 2023, pp. 2997-06, doi:10.21597/jist.1259575.
Vancouver Suiçmez M, Namalır G, Özdil H. In Vitro Evaluation of Cytotoxic and Antitumor Activities of The Tamoxifen and Doxorubicin Combination on MCF-7 and BT-474 Breast Cancer Cell Lines. J. Inst. Sci. and Tech. 2023;13(4):2997-3006.