Determination of Cephalaria tchihatchewii Boiss.'s Extracts Antioxidant Activity, Effect on Metabolic Enzymes, and Chemical Characterization by UPLC-MS/MS Analysis

Year 2023, Volume: 13 Issue: 4, 2655 - 2672, 01.12.2023

Leyla Güven

https://doi.org/10.21597/jist.1337439

Abstract

The present study aims to perform a comprehensive chemical characterization of the methanol and water extracts of Cephalaria tchihatchewii Boiss. (MECT, WECT) using UPLC-MS/MS, besides evaluating the potential antioxidant activity of these extracts and their effect on some metabolic enzymes. The antioxidant activity was assessed using various assays including DPPH, ABTS, DMPD, FRAP, CUPRAC, and Fe3+ reducing assays. The inhibition effects of the extracts against α-glycosidase, acetylcholinesterase and carbonic anhydrase II enzymes were evaluated. The IC50 values of MECT and WECT were for α-glycosidase were 28.98 and 34.19 μg/mL, for acetylcholinesterase were 21.82 and 26.52 μg/mL, and for carbonic anhydrase, 27.75 and 13.72 μg/mL, respectively. The amounts of phenolic compounds present in MECT and WECT were determined to be 47.00 and 46.00 μg GAE /mg extract, respectively. The amounts of flavonoits present in MECT and WECT were determined to be 60.98 and 49.34 μg KE/mg extract, respectively. The MECT and WECT exhibited distinct activities on DPPH, ABTS, and DMPD. The IC50 values were for DPPH 34.66 and 57.76 μg/mL for ABTS 20.39 and 17.33 µg/mL and for DMPD 53.32 and 57.76 g/mL, respectively. Reducing abilities of extracts were respectively Fe+3 reducing (λ700:0.377 and 0.680), FRAP (λ593:0.690 and 0.369), and CUPRAC (λ450:0.458 and 0.333). UPLC-MS/MS revealed that the major components are MECT (quinic acid 39.844 µg/mL, chlorogenic acid 38.412 µg/mL, fumaric acid 0.301 µg/mL), and WECT (chlorogenic acid 13.639 µg/mL, qunic acid 11.004 µg/mL, cyanidin-3-O-glucoside 0.778 µg/mL). The extracts were determined to have various biological activities, including antioxidant activity and α-glycosidase, acetylcholinesterase, carbonic anhydrase II enzyme inhibition effect.

Keywords

Carbonic anhydrase II, Cholinesterase, α-Glycosidase, Enzyme inhibition, Antioxidant, UPLC-MS/MS, Cephalaria

Cephalaria tchihatchewii Boiss. Ekstrelerinin Antioksidan Aktivitesi, Metabolik Enzimler Üzerine Etkisi ve UPLC-MS/MS Analizi ile Kimyasal Karakterizasyonun Belirlenmesi

Abstract

Bu çalışma, Cephalaria tchihatchewii Boiss'in metanol ve su ekstrelerinin (MECT, WECT) UPLC-MS/MS kullanarak kapsamlı bir kimyasal karakterizasyonunu gerçekleştirmeyi ve bu ekstrelerin potansiyel antioksidan aktivitesinin ve bazı metabolik enzimler üzerindeki etkisini değerlendirmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Antioksidan aktivite, DPPH, ABTS, DMPD, FRAP, KUPRAK ve Fe3+ indirgeme testleri dahil olmak üzere çeşitli testler kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir. MECT ve WECT'in enzim inhibisyon IC50 değerleri, sırasıyla α-glikozidaz için 28.98 ve 34.19 μg/mL, asetilkolinesteraz için 21.82 ve 26.52 μg/mL ve karbonik anhidraz II için 27.75 ve 13.72 μg/mL’dir. MECT ve WECT'de bulunan fenolik bileşik miktarları sırasıyla 47.00 ve 46.00 μg GAE /mg ekstre, flavonoit miktarları 60.98 ve 49.34 μg KE/mg ekstre olarak belirlenmiştir. MECT ve WECT’in IC50 değerleri sırasıyla DPPH için 34.66 ve 57.76 μg/mL, ABTS için 20.39 ve 17.33 μg/mL ve DMPD için 53.32 ve 57.76 g/mL’dir. Ekstrelerin indirgeme yetenekleri ise sırasıyla Fe+3 indirgeme (λ700:0.377 ve 0.680), FRAP (λ593:0.690 ve 0.369) ve KUPRAK (λ450:0.458 ve 0.333)’dür. UPLC-MS/MS analiziyle elde edilen sonuçlara göre ana bileşenler MECT’in kinik asit 0.39844 µg/mL, klorojenik asit 38.412 µg/mL, fumarik asit 0.301 µg/mL ve WECT’in klorojenik asit 13.639 µg/mL, kinik asit 11.004 µg/mL, siyanidin-3-O-glukozit 0.778 µg/mL olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ekstrelerin, antioksidan aktivite ve α-glikosidaz, asetilkolinesteraz, karbonik anhidraz II enzim ihbisyon etkisi dahil olmak üzere çeşitli biyolojik aktivitelere sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir.

Keywords

Karbonik anhidraz II, Kolinesteraz, α-Glikozidaz, Antioksidan, Enzim inhibisyon, UPLC-MS/MS, Cephalaria

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