Experimental Investigation of the Effects of Phthalocyanine on Gasoline Engine Performance and Emissions

Year 2024, Volume: 14 Issue: 3, 1253 - 1264, 01.09.2024

Ahmet Yakın , İrfan Uçkan , Beyza Cabir

https://doi.org/10.21597/jist.1466611

Abstract

Global warming caused by greenhouse gas emissions from the combustion of fossil fuels and the realization of the finite nature of these fuels has led automotive engineers to explore alternative energy sources and vehicle designs. While the adoption of hybrid and electric vehicles (HEVs and EVs) is increasing, internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles remain prevalent. To address the environmental concerns associated with ICEs, scientists continue research into entirely new vehicle designs such as hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs) and battery electric vehicles (BEVs) to further reduce dependence on fossil fuels. They are also investigating the use of nanofuels and fuel additives as potential solutions to improve engine efficiency and minimize emissions from the engines used in today's vehicles. An experimental investigation was conducted to evaluate the performance and emissions of gasoline-phthalocyanine blends in an internal combustion gasoline engine. FS7.5 (92.5% gasoline and 7.5% phthalocyanine by volume), FS12.5 (87.5% gasoline and 12.5% phthalocyanine by volume), FS17.5 (82.5% gasoline and 17.5% phthalocyanine by volume) were prepared and then evaluated in the engine. According to the results of the experimental study, engine torque increased by 1.38% and engine power increased by 1.64% when using F17.5 blend fuel compared to gasoline fuel. On the other hand, FS7.5 blend fuel led to a 55.89% reduction in CO emissions. FS17.5 blend fuel resulted in a 2.27% decrease in exhaust gas temperature, while HC, CO2 and NOx emissions of all blend fuels increased. Specific fuel consumption decreased by 5.51%, 4.23% and 2.83% for FS7.5, FS12.5 and FS17.5 blend fuels, respectively.

Keywords

Phthalocyanine, Engine performance, Exhaust emission

Ftalosiyaninin Benzinli Motor Performansı ve Emisyonlar Üzerine Etkilerinin Deneysel Olarak Araştırılması

Abstract

Fosil yakıtların yanmasından kaynaklanan sera gazı emisyonlarının neden olduğu küresel ısınmanın ve bu yakıtların sınırlı doğasının farkına varılması, otomotiv mühendislerini alternatif enerji kaynaklarını ve araç tasarımlarını keşfetmeye yöneltmiştir. Hibrit ve elektrikli araçların (HEV'ler ve EV'ler) benimsenmesi artarken, içten yanmalı motorlu (İYM) araçlar yaygınlığını korumaktadır. İYM' lerle ilgili çevresel kaygıları gidermek için bilim insanları, fosil yakıtlara bağımlılığı daha da azaltmak için hidrojen yakıt hücreli elektrikli araçlar (FCEV'ler) ve bataryalı elektrikli araçlar (BEV'ler) gibi tamamen yeni araç tasarımlarına yönelik araştırmalara devam etmektedirler. Ayrıca günümüz araçlarında kullanılan motorların, motor verimliliğini artırmak ve emisyonları en aza indirmek için potansiyel çözümler olarak nano yakıtların ve yakıt katkı maddelerinin kullanımını araştırmaktadırlar. Benzin-ftalosiyanin karışımlarının içten yanmalı benzinli bir motordaki performans ve emisyonlarını değerlendirmek için deneysel bir araştırma yapılmıştır. FS7.5 (hacimsel olarak %92.5 benzin %7.5 ftalosiyanin), FS12.5 (hacimsel olarak %87.5 benzin %12.5 ftalosiyanin), FS17.5 (hacimsel olarak %82.5 benzin %17.5 ftalosiyanin) hazırlanmış ve daha sonra motorda değerlendirilmiştir. Deneysel çalışma sonuçlarına göre, benzin yakıtına kıyasla F17.5 karışım yakıtı kullanıldığında motor momenti %1.38 ve motor gücü %1.64 oranında artmıştır. Buna karşın, FS7.5 karışım yakıtı CO emisyonunda %55.89 oranında bir düşüşe yol açmıştır. FS17.5 karışım yakıtı ise egzoz gaz sıcaklığında %2.27 oranında bir azalma yaratırken, tüm karışım yakıtlarının HC, CO2 ve NOx emisyonlarında artış gözlenmiştir. Özgül yakıt tüketimleri ise FS7.5, FS12.5 ve FS17.5 karışım yakıtları için sırasıyla %5.51, %4.23 ve %2.83 oranlarında azalmıştır.

Keywords

Ftalosiyanin, Motor Performansı, Egzoz Emisyonu

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