Sorghum Halepense Külü Kullanılarak Malahit Yeşili Boya Giderimi: Etkili Parametrelerin İncelenmesi

Year 2025, Volume: 15 Issue: 4, 1383 - 1396

Muhammed Onay

https://doi.org/10.21597/jist.1594858

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, tarımsal üretimde ‘yabancı ot’ olarak adlandırılan, istenmeyen ürün olan kanyaş otunun (Sorghum halepense) külü kullanılarak, endüstride sıkça kullanılan toksik etkiye sahip Malahit yeşili boyar maddesinin adsorpsiyon yöntemi ile giderimi incelenmiştir. Kesikli (batch) adsorpsiyon sistemi ile gerçekleştirilen deneylerle başlangıç boyar madde konsantrasyonunun (50-250 ppm), adsorban miktarının (1-3 g), temas süresinin (30-120 dk) ve sıcaklığın (20-60 °C) adsorplama verimi üzerine etkileri incelenmiştir. Kullanılan adsorbanın adsorpsiyon sistemine uygunluğunu karakterize etmek için Taramalı Elektron Mikroskobu (SEM), Fourier Dönüşümlü Kızılötesi spektroskopisi (FTIR) ve X-Işını Kırınım yöntemi (XRD) kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre, başlangıç boya konsantrasyonunun 150 mg/L, adsorban miktarının 2 g, temas süresinin 90 dk ve sıcaklığın 60 °C olduğu koşullar altında boya giderim veriminin %91.42 olduğu belirlenmiştir. Denge çalışmaları kapsamında adsorpsiyonun hangi izoterme daha uygun olduğunu belirlemek için Freundlich, Langmuir ve Temkin izoterm modelleri deneysel değerlere uygulanmıştır. En iyi uyum sağlayan modelin Freundlich modeli (R2:0.999) olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bu modele göre adsorpsiyonun tabakalı ve heterojen yüzeye sahip olduğu SEM analizleriyle de desteklenmiştir. Ayrıca birim kanyaş otu külü başına giderilen maksimum malahit yeşili miktarı (Q0) 17.452 mg/g olarak hesaplanmıştır. Kanyaş otu külünün; doğal, kolay temin edilmesi, sürdürülebilir ve çevre dostu bir adsorban olarak kimyasal bir ön işlem olmadan katyonik boyar maddelerin gideriminde kullanımının uygunluğu bu çalışma ile ortaya koyulmuştur.

Keywords

Adsorpsiyon , Tarımsal atık , izoterm , Sürdürülebilirlik , Boyar madde

Malachite Green Dye Removal Using Sorghum Halepense Ash: Investigation of Effective Parameters

Abstract

In this study, the removal of the toxic Malachite green dyestuff, which is frequently used in the industry, by adsorption method was investigated using the ash of Sorghum halepense, which is an undesirable product called ‘weed’ in agricultural production. The effects of initial dyestuff concentration (50-250 ppm), adsorbent amount (1-3 g), contact time (30-120 min) and temperature (20-60 °C) on adsorption efficiency were investigated in batch adsorption system. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-Ray Diffraction method (XRD) were used to characterise the suitability of the adsorbent used for the adsorption system. According to the results obtained, it was determined that the dye removal efficiency was 91.42% under conditions where the initial dye concentration was 150 mg/L, the adsorbent amount was 2 g, the contact time was 90 min and the temperature was 60 °C. Freundlich, Langmuir and Temkin isotherm models were applied to the experimental values to determine which isotherm is more suitable for adsorption within the scope of equilibrium studies. Freundlich model (R2:0.999) was found to be the best fitting model. According to this model, it was also supported by SEM analyses that the adsorption had a layered and heterogeneous surface. In addition, the maximum amount of malachite green (Q0) removed per unit of Sorghum halepense ash was calculated as 17.452 mg/g. This study demonstrated the feasibility of the use of natural, easily available, sustainable and environmentally friendly adsorbent for the removal of cationic dyes without any chemical pretreatment.

Keywords

Adsorption , Agricultural waste , İsotherm , Sustainable , Cationic dyes

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