Research Article

Traffic sign classification for autonomous vehicles using convolutional neural networks

Volume: 8 Number: 2 October 25, 2025
TR EN

Traffic sign classification for autonomous vehicles using convolutional neural networks

Abstract

Recognition of traffic signs is one of the key activities in the development of autonomous vehicles for safe navigation on the roads. This work addresses the study of ConvNet in classifying Turkish traffic signs into two classes: hazard-warning signs and regulatory signs. A dataset of 129 traffic sign images was utilized, augmented through hue jitter transformations to enhance model performance. The ConvNet, based on a three-convolution-layer architecture, four ReLU layers, and two fully connected layers, is trained to classify the two classes of traffic signs. The attained average accuracy was 97.7% ± 5.2% on the training set, 88.8% ± 1.2% on the validation set, and 96.9% ± 7.2% on the test set. These results really prove that ConvNets work quite well in identifying and classifying traffic signs, thus proving that they can be applied in autonomous vehicle technologies. Real-world photos of traffic signs will be used in future studies to test the model's applicability.

Keywords

References

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Artificial Intelligence (Other)

Journal Section

Research Article

Early Pub Date

October 22, 2025

Publication Date

October 25, 2025

Submission Date

July 20, 2025

Acceptance Date

October 14, 2025

Published in Issue

Year 2025 Volume: 8 Number: 2

APA
Özcan, M., & Ezirmik, A. H. (2025). Traffic sign classification for autonomous vehicles using convolutional neural networks. Akıllı Ulaşım Sistemleri Ve Uygulamaları Dergisi, 8(2), 285-294. https://doi.org/10.51513/jitsa.1746494
AMA
1.Özcan M, Ezirmik AH. Traffic sign classification for autonomous vehicles using convolutional neural networks. Jitsa. 2025;8(2):285-294. doi:10.51513/jitsa.1746494
Chicago
Özcan, Mehmet, and Abdurrahim Hüseyin Ezirmik. 2025. “Traffic Sign Classification for Autonomous Vehicles Using Convolutional Neural Networks”. Akıllı Ulaşım Sistemleri Ve Uygulamaları Dergisi 8 (2): 285-94. https://doi.org/10.51513/jitsa.1746494.
EndNote
Özcan M, Ezirmik AH (October 1, 2025) Traffic sign classification for autonomous vehicles using convolutional neural networks. Akıllı Ulaşım Sistemleri ve Uygulamaları Dergisi 8 2 285–294.
IEEE
[1]M. Özcan and A. H. Ezirmik, “Traffic sign classification for autonomous vehicles using convolutional neural networks”, Jitsa, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 285–294, Oct. 2025, doi: 10.51513/jitsa.1746494.
ISNAD
Özcan, Mehmet - Ezirmik, Abdurrahim Hüseyin. “Traffic Sign Classification for Autonomous Vehicles Using Convolutional Neural Networks”. Akıllı Ulaşım Sistemleri ve Uygulamaları Dergisi 8/2 (October 1, 2025): 285-294. https://doi.org/10.51513/jitsa.1746494.
JAMA
1.Özcan M, Ezirmik AH. Traffic sign classification for autonomous vehicles using convolutional neural networks. Jitsa. 2025;8:285–294.
MLA
Özcan, Mehmet, and Abdurrahim Hüseyin Ezirmik. “Traffic Sign Classification for Autonomous Vehicles Using Convolutional Neural Networks”. Akıllı Ulaşım Sistemleri Ve Uygulamaları Dergisi, vol. 8, no. 2, Oct. 2025, pp. 285-94, doi:10.51513/jitsa.1746494.
Vancouver
1.Mehmet Özcan, Abdurrahim Hüseyin Ezirmik. Traffic sign classification for autonomous vehicles using convolutional neural networks. Jitsa. 2025 Oct. 1;8(2):285-94. doi:10.51513/jitsa.1746494