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Ratlarda Kullanılan Sperma Alma ve Analiz Yöntemleri ile Referans Değerleri

Year 2022, Volume: 2 Issue: 1, 63 - 71, 28.03.2022

Abstract

Erkek infertilitesi dünya çapındaki çiftlerin yaklaşık %15’ini etkilemektedir ki bu da yaklaşık 48.5 milyon çifte tekabül etmektedir. Erkek kökenli infertilite problemi çiftlerin bu konudaki problemlerinin %50 kadarına etki etmektedir. Yapılan bilimsel çalışmalar kullanılan bazı ilaçlar, beslenme biçimi, çeşitli metabolizma hastalıkları, çevresel etkenler (çevresel stres, ısı, radyasyon vb.) ve zararlı alışkanlıklar (alkol ve sigara tüketimi vb.) gibi etkenler spermatogenezisi etkilediğini ortaya koymaktadır. Bilim insanları bu etkenlerin erkek üremesi ve spermatolojik parametreleri üzerine etkilerini incelemek ve olasıtedaviler geliştirmek amacıyla çeşitli konularda bilimsel çalışmalar yapmaktadır. Bu çalışmalarda laboratuvar hayvanı modelleri kullanılmaktadır. Laboratuvar hayvanları içerisinde ise en çok kullanılan hayvan türlerinden biri de ratlardır. Yapılan bilimsel çalışmalarda ratlarda spermatolojik parametrelerin değerlendirilmesi amacıyla çeşitli araştırmacılar farklı değerlendirme yöntemlerini kullanmaktadır. Rat modelleri ile yapılacak olan çalışmalarda bu yöntem ve değerlerin bilinmesi oldukça büyük önem arz etmektedir. Bu derlemede çeşitli yayınlardaki kullanılmış olan ratlardan sperma elde edilme yöntemleri, rutin sperma parametrelerinin ölçümü için kullanılan sperma değerlendirme yöntemleri ve kontrol grubunda bulunan ratların rutin spermatolojik parametrelerinin (motilite, ölü/canlı oranı, sperm yoğunluğu ve anormal sperm oranı) ortama değerleri hakkında veriler derlenmiştir.

References

  • 1.Afifi M., Almaghrabi O.A., Kadasa N.M., 2015. Ameliorative effet of zinc Oxide Nanoparticles on Antioxidants and Sperm Characteristics in Streptozotcin-Induced Diabetic Rat Testes. Biomed Res Int. 2015, 153573.
  • 2.Agarwal A., Mulgund A., Hamada A., Chyatte M.R., 2015. A unique view on male infertility around the globe. Reprod Biol Endocrinol, 13:37
  • 3.Aghaie S., Nikzad H., Mahabadi J.A., Taghizadeh M., Azami-Tameh Taherian, A., Sajjadian S.M.S., KamaniM.,2016. Protective effect of combined pumpkin seed and ginger extracts on sperm characteristics, biochemical parameters and epididymal histology in adult male rats treated with cyclophosphamide. Anat Sci Int, 91: 382-390
  • 4.Aksu E.H., Akman O., Özkaraca M., Ömür A., Uçar Ö., 2015. Effect of Maclura Pomifera extract on cisplatin-induced damages in reproductive system of male rats. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg, 21, 397-403.
  • 5.Aksu E.H., Akman O., Omur A.D., Karakus E., Can I., Kandemir F.M., Dorman E., Ucar O., 2016a. 3,3 diindolylmethane leads to apoptosis, decreases sperm quality, affects blood estradiol 17 β and testosterone, oestrogen (α and β) and androgen receptor levels in the reproductive system in male rats. Andrologia,48 (10) 1155-1165.
  • 6.Aksu E.H., Özkaraca M., Kandemir F.M., Ömür A.D., Eldutar E., Küçükler S., Çomaklı S., 2016b. Mitigation of paracetamol‐induced reproductive damage by chrysin in male rats via reducing oxidative stress. Andrologia, 48(10), 1145-1154.
  • 7.Aksu E.H., Kandemir F.M., Altun S., Küçükler S., Çomaklı S., Ömür A.D., 2016c. Ameliorative effect of carvacrol on cisplatin‐Induced reproductive damage in male rats. . J Biochem Mol Toxicol, 30(10), 513-520.
  • 8.AksuE.H., Kandemir F.M., Özkaraca M., Ömür A.D., Küçükler S., Çomaklı S. 2017. Rutin ameliorates cisplatin‐induced reproductive damage via suppression of oxidative stress and apoptosis in adult male rats. Andrologia, 49(1), e12593.
  • 9.Aksu E.H., Kandemir F.M., Küçükler S., Mahamadu A., 2018. Improvement in colistin‐induced reproductive damage, apoptosis, and autophagy in testes via reducing oxidative stress by chrysin. J Biochem Mol Toxicol, 32(11), e22201
  • 10.Aksu E.H., Kandemir F.M., Yıldırım S., Küçükler S., Dörtbudak M.B., Çağlayan C., Benzer F. 2019. Palliative effect of curcumin on doxorubicin‐induced testicular damage in male rats.J Biochem Mol Toxicol, 33(10), e22384.
  • 11.Ardıç C.M., Ilgın S., Baysal M., Karaduman A.B., Kılıç V., Aydoğan-Kılıç G., Uçarcan Ş., Atlı-Eklioğlu Ö., 2021. Olanzepine induced reproductive toxicity inmale rats. Sci Rep, 11, 4739
  • 12.Bastaki M., Mendes O.R., Bauter M.R., Taylor S.V., 2019. Assessment of FD&C Yellow No. 6 (Sunset Yellow FCF) effects on sperm count, motility and viability in the rat in a 28-day toxicity study. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 108, 104479
  • 13.Bauer J.D.,Ackermen P.G.,Toro G. Clinical Laboratory Methods; The C. V. Mosby Company: Saint Louis, MO, USA, 1974.
  • 14.Ciftci O., Cetin A., Aydin M., Kaya K., Oguz F., 2014. Fish oil, contained in eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid, attenuates testicular and spermatological damage induced by cisplatin in rats. Andrologia, 46(10), 1161-1168.
  • 15.DereE., Anderson L.M., Huse S.M., Spade D.J., McDonnell-Clark E., Madnick S.J., Hall S.J., Camacho L., Lewis S.M., Vanlandingham M.M., Boekelheide K.,2018. Effects of continuous bisphenol A exposure from early gestation on 90 day old rat testes function and sperm molecular profiles: A CLARITY-BPA consortium study. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 15, 347:1-9
  • 16.Doğantekin E., Özcan S., 2016. Çevresel etkenler ve spermatogenez. Androloji Bülteni 18(66), 183-187
  • 17.Havenaar, R., MeijerJ.C., Morton D.B., Ritskes-Hoitinga J., Zwart P. 2003. Chapter 3. Biology, Breeding, and Housing of laboratory Animals. 19-77. In Ed. van Zutphen L.F.M., Baumans, V., Beynen A.C.)‘’Principles of Laboratory Animal Science’’, Elsevier Scince Limited, Oxford. UK
  • 18.Hussein M.M., Ali H.A., Saadeldin I.M., Ahmed M.M.,2016. Querectin Alleviates Zinc Oxide Nanoreprotoxicity in Male Albino Rats. J Biochem Mol Toxicol. 30(10), 489-496.
  • 19.Ileriturk M., Benzer F., Aksu E. H., Yildirim S., Kandemir F. M., Dogan T., Dortbudak M.B., Genc A., 2021. Chrysin protects against testicular toxicity caused by lead acetate in rats with its antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory, and antiapoptotic properties. J Food Biochem, 45(2), e13593.
  • 20.Kandemir F.M., Caglayan C., Aksu E.H., Yildirim S., Kucukler S., Gur C., Eser G., 2020. Protective effect of rutin on mercuric chloride‐induced reproductive damage in male rats. Andrologia, 52(3), e13524.
  • 21.Kaya K., Çiftçi O., Çetin A., Doğan H., Başak N., 2015. Hesperidin protects testicular and spermatological damages induced by cisplatin in rats. Andrologia, 47(7), 793-800.
  • 22.Lucio R.A., Tlachi-Lopez J.L., Eguibar J.R., AgmoA., 2013. Sperm count and sperm motility decrease in old rats. Physiol Behav, 110-111, 73-79
  • 23.Ömür A.D., Kandemir F.M., Yıldırım B.A., Akman O., Şenocak E.A., Eldutar E., Aksu E.H., 2016. Protective Effect of Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) Extract Against Gentamicin-Induced Reproductive Damage in Male Rats. KafkasUniv Vet Fak Derg, 22(6):929-936.
  • 24.Saba A.B., Oridupa O.A., Oyeyemi M.O., Osanyigbe O.D., 2009. Spermatozoa morphology and characteristişcs of male wistar rats administered with ethanolic extract of Lagenaria Breviflora Roberts. Afr J Biotechnol. 8(7), 1170-1175
  • 25.Sarıözkan S., 2018. Laboratuvar Hayvanlarında Sperma Alma Yöntemleri ve Spermatolojik Referans Değerler. Turkiye Klinikleri J Reprod Artif Insemin-Special Topics. 2018;4(1):50-5
  • 26.Sonmez M. Reprodüksiyon Suni Tohumlama ve Androloji Ders Notları, Elazığ, 2015
  • 27.Türedi S., Yuluğ E., Alver A., Kutlu Ö., KahramanC., 2015. Effects of resveratrol on doxorubicin induced testicula damage in rats. Exp Toxicol Pathol. 67, 229-235
  • 28.TürkG., Sönmez M., Aydın M., Yüce A., Gür S., Yüksel M., 2008. Effects of pomegranate juice consumption on sperm quality, spermatogenic cell density, antioxidant activity and testosterone level in male rats. Clin Nutr 27, 289–296.
  • 29.Türk G., Çeribaşı S., Sönmez M., Çiftçi M., YüceA., Güvenç M., Kaya Ş.Ö., Çay M., Aksakal M., 2016. Ameliorating effect of pomegranate juice consumption on carbon tetrachloride-induced sperm damages, lipid peroxidation, and testicular apoptosis. Toxicol Ind Health, 32(1), 126-137.

Semen Collection and Analysis Methods and Reference Values Used in Rats

Year 2022, Volume: 2 Issue: 1, 63 - 71, 28.03.2022

Abstract

Male infertility affects approximately 15% of couples worldwide, which corresponds to approximately 48.5 million couples. Male-origin infertility problem affects up to 50% of couples' problems in this regard. Factors such as some drugs used, diet, various metabolic diseases, environmental factors (environmental stress, heat, radiation, etc.), and harmful habits (alcohol and cigarette consumption, etc.) affect spermatogenesis. Scientists conduct scientific studies on various subjects to examine the effects of these factors on male reproduction and spermatological parameters andto develop possible treatments. Laboratory animal models are used in these studies. One of the most used animal species among laboratory animals is rats. Various researchers use different evaluation methods in order to evaluate spermatological paramteres in rats in scientific studies. It is very important to know these methods and values in studies with rat models. In this review, dataon the methods of obtaining semen from rats used in various publications, routine semen evaluation methods fort he measurement methods, and the mean values of semen parameters (motility, dead/live ratio, sperm density, and abnormal sperm ratio) of the rats in the control groups were compiled.

References

  • 1.Afifi M., Almaghrabi O.A., Kadasa N.M., 2015. Ameliorative effet of zinc Oxide Nanoparticles on Antioxidants and Sperm Characteristics in Streptozotcin-Induced Diabetic Rat Testes. Biomed Res Int. 2015, 153573.
  • 2.Agarwal A., Mulgund A., Hamada A., Chyatte M.R., 2015. A unique view on male infertility around the globe. Reprod Biol Endocrinol, 13:37
  • 3.Aghaie S., Nikzad H., Mahabadi J.A., Taghizadeh M., Azami-Tameh Taherian, A., Sajjadian S.M.S., KamaniM.,2016. Protective effect of combined pumpkin seed and ginger extracts on sperm characteristics, biochemical parameters and epididymal histology in adult male rats treated with cyclophosphamide. Anat Sci Int, 91: 382-390
  • 4.Aksu E.H., Akman O., Özkaraca M., Ömür A., Uçar Ö., 2015. Effect of Maclura Pomifera extract on cisplatin-induced damages in reproductive system of male rats. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg, 21, 397-403.
  • 5.Aksu E.H., Akman O., Omur A.D., Karakus E., Can I., Kandemir F.M., Dorman E., Ucar O., 2016a. 3,3 diindolylmethane leads to apoptosis, decreases sperm quality, affects blood estradiol 17 β and testosterone, oestrogen (α and β) and androgen receptor levels in the reproductive system in male rats. Andrologia,48 (10) 1155-1165.
  • 6.Aksu E.H., Özkaraca M., Kandemir F.M., Ömür A.D., Eldutar E., Küçükler S., Çomaklı S., 2016b. Mitigation of paracetamol‐induced reproductive damage by chrysin in male rats via reducing oxidative stress. Andrologia, 48(10), 1145-1154.
  • 7.Aksu E.H., Kandemir F.M., Altun S., Küçükler S., Çomaklı S., Ömür A.D., 2016c. Ameliorative effect of carvacrol on cisplatin‐Induced reproductive damage in male rats. . J Biochem Mol Toxicol, 30(10), 513-520.
  • 8.AksuE.H., Kandemir F.M., Özkaraca M., Ömür A.D., Küçükler S., Çomaklı S. 2017. Rutin ameliorates cisplatin‐induced reproductive damage via suppression of oxidative stress and apoptosis in adult male rats. Andrologia, 49(1), e12593.
  • 9.Aksu E.H., Kandemir F.M., Küçükler S., Mahamadu A., 2018. Improvement in colistin‐induced reproductive damage, apoptosis, and autophagy in testes via reducing oxidative stress by chrysin. J Biochem Mol Toxicol, 32(11), e22201
  • 10.Aksu E.H., Kandemir F.M., Yıldırım S., Küçükler S., Dörtbudak M.B., Çağlayan C., Benzer F. 2019. Palliative effect of curcumin on doxorubicin‐induced testicular damage in male rats.J Biochem Mol Toxicol, 33(10), e22384.
  • 11.Ardıç C.M., Ilgın S., Baysal M., Karaduman A.B., Kılıç V., Aydoğan-Kılıç G., Uçarcan Ş., Atlı-Eklioğlu Ö., 2021. Olanzepine induced reproductive toxicity inmale rats. Sci Rep, 11, 4739
  • 12.Bastaki M., Mendes O.R., Bauter M.R., Taylor S.V., 2019. Assessment of FD&C Yellow No. 6 (Sunset Yellow FCF) effects on sperm count, motility and viability in the rat in a 28-day toxicity study. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 108, 104479
  • 13.Bauer J.D.,Ackermen P.G.,Toro G. Clinical Laboratory Methods; The C. V. Mosby Company: Saint Louis, MO, USA, 1974.
  • 14.Ciftci O., Cetin A., Aydin M., Kaya K., Oguz F., 2014. Fish oil, contained in eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid, attenuates testicular and spermatological damage induced by cisplatin in rats. Andrologia, 46(10), 1161-1168.
  • 15.DereE., Anderson L.M., Huse S.M., Spade D.J., McDonnell-Clark E., Madnick S.J., Hall S.J., Camacho L., Lewis S.M., Vanlandingham M.M., Boekelheide K.,2018. Effects of continuous bisphenol A exposure from early gestation on 90 day old rat testes function and sperm molecular profiles: A CLARITY-BPA consortium study. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 15, 347:1-9
  • 16.Doğantekin E., Özcan S., 2016. Çevresel etkenler ve spermatogenez. Androloji Bülteni 18(66), 183-187
  • 17.Havenaar, R., MeijerJ.C., Morton D.B., Ritskes-Hoitinga J., Zwart P. 2003. Chapter 3. Biology, Breeding, and Housing of laboratory Animals. 19-77. In Ed. van Zutphen L.F.M., Baumans, V., Beynen A.C.)‘’Principles of Laboratory Animal Science’’, Elsevier Scince Limited, Oxford. UK
  • 18.Hussein M.M., Ali H.A., Saadeldin I.M., Ahmed M.M.,2016. Querectin Alleviates Zinc Oxide Nanoreprotoxicity in Male Albino Rats. J Biochem Mol Toxicol. 30(10), 489-496.
  • 19.Ileriturk M., Benzer F., Aksu E. H., Yildirim S., Kandemir F. M., Dogan T., Dortbudak M.B., Genc A., 2021. Chrysin protects against testicular toxicity caused by lead acetate in rats with its antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory, and antiapoptotic properties. J Food Biochem, 45(2), e13593.
  • 20.Kandemir F.M., Caglayan C., Aksu E.H., Yildirim S., Kucukler S., Gur C., Eser G., 2020. Protective effect of rutin on mercuric chloride‐induced reproductive damage in male rats. Andrologia, 52(3), e13524.
  • 21.Kaya K., Çiftçi O., Çetin A., Doğan H., Başak N., 2015. Hesperidin protects testicular and spermatological damages induced by cisplatin in rats. Andrologia, 47(7), 793-800.
  • 22.Lucio R.A., Tlachi-Lopez J.L., Eguibar J.R., AgmoA., 2013. Sperm count and sperm motility decrease in old rats. Physiol Behav, 110-111, 73-79
  • 23.Ömür A.D., Kandemir F.M., Yıldırım B.A., Akman O., Şenocak E.A., Eldutar E., Aksu E.H., 2016. Protective Effect of Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) Extract Against Gentamicin-Induced Reproductive Damage in Male Rats. KafkasUniv Vet Fak Derg, 22(6):929-936.
  • 24.Saba A.B., Oridupa O.A., Oyeyemi M.O., Osanyigbe O.D., 2009. Spermatozoa morphology and characteristişcs of male wistar rats administered with ethanolic extract of Lagenaria Breviflora Roberts. Afr J Biotechnol. 8(7), 1170-1175
  • 25.Sarıözkan S., 2018. Laboratuvar Hayvanlarında Sperma Alma Yöntemleri ve Spermatolojik Referans Değerler. Turkiye Klinikleri J Reprod Artif Insemin-Special Topics. 2018;4(1):50-5
  • 26.Sonmez M. Reprodüksiyon Suni Tohumlama ve Androloji Ders Notları, Elazığ, 2015
  • 27.Türedi S., Yuluğ E., Alver A., Kutlu Ö., KahramanC., 2015. Effects of resveratrol on doxorubicin induced testicula damage in rats. Exp Toxicol Pathol. 67, 229-235
  • 28.TürkG., Sönmez M., Aydın M., Yüce A., Gür S., Yüksel M., 2008. Effects of pomegranate juice consumption on sperm quality, spermatogenic cell density, antioxidant activity and testosterone level in male rats. Clin Nutr 27, 289–296.
  • 29.Türk G., Çeribaşı S., Sönmez M., Çiftçi M., YüceA., Güvenç M., Kaya Ş.Ö., Çay M., Aksakal M., 2016. Ameliorating effect of pomegranate juice consumption on carbon tetrachloride-induced sperm damages, lipid peroxidation, and testicular apoptosis. Toxicol Ind Health, 32(1), 126-137.
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Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Veterinary Sciences
Journal Section Reviews
Authors

Emrah Hicazi Aksu This is me

Publication Date March 28, 2022
Submission Date August 12, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 2 Issue: 1

Cite

EndNote Aksu EH (March 1, 2022) Ratlarda Kullanılan Sperma Alma ve Analiz Yöntemleri ile Referans Değerleri. Laboratuvar Hayvanları Bilimi ve Uygulamaları Dergisi 2 1 63–71.

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