Aguinis, H. (2009). An expanded view of performance management. In J. W. Smither, & M. London (Eds.), Performance management: Putting research into action (pp. 1-43). Wiley.
Ak Başoğul, D. & Oryaşın, M., & Coşkun, Z. (2023). The situation of meeting the 21st century teacher competencies of the MEB practicum student evaluation forms. RumeliDE Journal of Language and Literature Studies, 33, 191-214. https://doi.org/10.29000/rumelide.1285272
Akcan, S., & Tatar, S. (2010). An investigation of the nature of feedback given to pre-service English teachers during their practice teaching experience. Teacher Development, 14(2), 153-172. https://doi.org/10.1080/13664530.2010.494495
Altınmakas, D. (2012). The influence of feedback on student teachers’ professional development. In Y. Bayyurt & Y. Bektaş-Çetinkaya (Eds.), Research perspectives on teaching and learning English in Turkey: Policies and practices (pp. 91-105). Peter Lang.
Anderson, N. A., & Radencich, M. C. (2001). The value of feedback in an early field experience: Peer, teacher, and supervisor coaching. Action in Teacher Education, 23(3), 66–74. https://doi.org/10.1080/01626620.2001.10463076
Asregid, D., Mihiretie, D. M., & Kassa, S. A. (2023). Teacher educators’ use of feedback to facilitate reflective practice among pre-service teachers during microteaching. Cogent Education, 10(2), Article 2257121. https://doi.org/10.1080/2331186X.2023.2257121
Aydın, Ö. (2016). An exploration on mentoring process in ELT practicum: Perspectives of student teachers, cooperating teachers, and supervisors. [Unpublished MA Thesis]. Middle East Technical University.
Aydın, Ö., & Ok, A. (2020). Mentoring practices in English language teaching practicum: Student teachers’ perspectives on cooperating teachers’ roles in the Turkish context. The Teacher Educator, 55(3), 248-266. https://doi.org/10.1080/08878730.2019.1701756
Bailey, K. M. (2006). Language teacher supervision: A case-based approach. Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511667329
Bhatti, M. T., Teevno, R. A., & Devi, S. (2020). Meta-analysis of the role of supervisory feedback in EFL/ESL teacher education. Elementary Education Online, 19(3), 3906-3930.
Bullock, S. M. (2017). Understanding candidates’ learning relationships with their cooperating teachers: A call to reframe my pedagogy. Studying Teacher Education, 13(2), 179–192. https://doi.org/10.1080/17425964.2017.1342355
Bulut, M. (2016). Pre-service EFL teacher learning during the practicum: A multiple case study in a context of systemic dissonance [Doctoral dissertation, University of Leeds]. White Rose eTheses Online. https://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/17977/1/Bulut_M_Education_PhD_2016.pdf
Caires, S., Almeida, L. S., & Martins, C. (2010). The socioemotional experiences of student teachers during practicum: A case of reality chock? The Journal of Educational Research, 103, 17-27. https://doi.org/10.1080/00220670903228611
Caires, S., Almeida, L., & Vieira, D. (2012). Becoming a teacher: Student teachers’ experiences and perceptions about teaching practice. European Journal of Teacher Education, 35(2), 163-178. https://doi.org/10.1080/02619768.2011.643395
Castaneda, J. A. F., & Montenegro, M. I. R. (2015). The paradox of the practicum: Affinity to and resistance towards teaching. IIkala, Revista de Lenguaje y Cultura, 20(3), 239–341. https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.ikala.v20n3a04
Celen, K. M., & Akcan, S. (2017). Evaluation of an ELT practicum programme from the perspectives of supervisors, student teachers and graduates. Journal of Teacher Education and Educators, 6(3), 251-274.
Circoki, A., Madyarov, I., & Baecher, L. (Eds.). (2019). Current perspectives on the TESOL practicum: Cases from around the globe. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-28756-6
CoHE [Council of Higher Education]. (1998). Fakülte-okul işbirliği [Faculty-school cooperation]. CoHE. https://www.yok.gov.tr/Documents/Yayinlar/Yayinlarimiz/Fakulte-Okul-Isbirligi.pdf
CoHE [Council of Higher Education]. (2007). Öğretmen yetiştirme ve eğitim fakülteleri [Teacher education and faculties of education] (1982-2007).
https://www.yok.gov.tr/Documents/Yayinlar/Yayinlarimiz/ogretmenyetistirme-ve-egitim-fakulteleri.pdf
Cohen, L., Manion, L., Morrison, K., & Wyse, D. (2010). A guide to teaching practice (Revised 5th ed.). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203848623
Crandall, J. A. (2000). Language teacher education. Annual Review of Applied Linguistics, 20, 34–55. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0267190500200032
Crookes, G. (2003). A practicum in TESOL: Professional development through teaching practice. Cambridge University Press.
Çakmak, M., & Gündüz, M. (2019). Dimensions and emerging themes in teaching practicum: A global perspective. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781351209885
Çelik, H., & Zehir Topkaya, E. (2023). Pre-service English language teachers’ state of preparedness to teach and its sources in field experience. Bartın University Faculty of Education Journal, 12(2),372-389. https://doi.org/10.14686/buefad.1059588
Elliott, K. (2015). Teacher performance appraisal: More about performance or development? Australian Journal of Teacher Education (Online), 40(9), 102-116. https://doi.org/10.14221/ajte.2015v40n9.6
Farr, F., & Farrell, A. (2023). The reflective cycle of the teaching practicum. Equinox Publishing.
Farrell, T. S. (2008). Here's the book, go teach the class” ELT practicum support. RELC Journal, 39(2), 226-241. https://doi.org/10.1177/0033688208092186
Field, A. (2018). Discovering statistics using IBM SPSS statistics (5th ed.). SAGE.
İlya, A. (2022). Exploring the characteristics of an online practicum course in an English language teacher education program: A case study [Unpublished Ph.D. Thesis]. Middle East Technical University.
Kablan, Z., Kaya, S., Arı, A. A., & Küçük, A. (2015). Associations among different raters in evaluating pre-service teachers’ teaching performance. Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal University Journal of Faculty of Education, 15(1), 146-158. https://doi.org/10.17240/aibuefd.2015.15.1-5000128599
Karaman, A. C., Özbilgin Gezgin, A., Rakıcıoğlu Söylemez, A., Eröz, B., & Akcan, S. (2019). Professional learning in the ELT practicum: Co-constructing visions. Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal University Journal of Faculty of Education, 19(1), 282- 293. https://doi.org/10.17240/aibuefd.2019.19.43815-492119
Keiler, L. S., Diotti, R., Hudon, K., & Ransom, J. C. (2020). The role of feedback in teacher mentoring: how coaches, peers, and students affect teacher change. Mentoring & Tutoring: Partnership in Learning, 28(2), 126-155. https://doi.org/10.1080/13611267.2020.1749345
Koç, S., Ergezen, S., Ayas, A., Baki, A., & Çepni, S. (1998). Fakülte-okul işbirliği [Faculty-school partnership]. YÖK/Dünya Bankası, Milli Eğitimi Geliştirme Projesi, Hizmet Öncesi Öğretmen Eğitimi [Higher Education Council/World Bank, National Education Development Project, Preservice Teacher Education]. https://www.yok.gov.tr/Documents/Yayinlar/Yayinlarimiz/Fakulte-Okul-Isbirligi.pdf
Lalanne, C., & Mesbah, M. (2016). Biostatistics and computer-based analysis of health data using Stata. ISTE Press-Elsevier.
Le, P. T. A. (2007). Supervisors’ feedback to student teachers: Inside out. Journal of Applied Linguistics, 4(2), 195-216. https://doi.org/10.1558/japl.v4i2.195
Le, P. T. A., & Vásquez, C. (2011). Feedback in teacher education: Mentor discourse and intern perceptions. Teacher Development 15(4), 453-470. https://doi.org/10.1080/13664530.2011.635264
Li, M., Kuang, F., & Dan, W. (2023). Exploring the characteristics of pre-service EFL teachers’ practicum experiences: a complexity theory-based case study in China. Asian-Pacific Journal of Second and Foreign Language Education, 8(13). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40862-023-00187-4
Martínez Agudo, J. (2016). What type of feedback do student teachers expect from their school mentors during practicum experience? The case of Spanish EFL student teachers. Australian Journal of Teacher Education, 41(5). http://ro.ecu.edu.au/ajte/vol41/iss5/3
Merç, A. (2015). Assessing the performance in EFL teaching practicum: Student teachers’ views. International Journal of Higher Education, 4(2), 44-56. https://doi.org/10.5430/ijhe.v4n2p44
Ministry of National Education [MoNE]. (2008). İngilizce öğretmeni özel alan yeterlikleri [English language teachers’ domain-specific competencies]. MoNE. https://oygm.meb.gov.tr/meb_iys_dosyalar/2017_11/06160113_2-YYretmen_Yeterlikleri_KitabY_ingilizce_YYretmeni_Yzel_alan_yeterlikleri_ilkYYretim_parYa_5.pdf
Ministry of National Education [MoNE]. (2018). Turkey’s education vision 2023. https://planipolis.iiep.unesco.org/sites/default/files/ressources/turkey_education_vision_2023.pdf
Ministry of National Education [MoNE]. (2021). Guidelines for pre-service teachers’ teaching practicum. T.C. Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı Tebliğler Dergisi, 2767, 1049-1064. https://oygm.meb.gov.tr/meb_iys_dosyalar/2021_10/03181211_OYGYRETMENLIYK_UYGULAMASI_YOYNERGE_2021_EYLUYL_EK.pdf
Nguyen, H. T. T. (2022). Feedback as a tool in practicum-based learning to teach: A ‘gift’ given or a ‘shared’ practice? Journal of Education for Teaching. https://doi.org/10.1080/02607476.2022.2151878
Orsdemir, E., & Yıldırım, R. (2020). “I would like her to …:” ELT student-teachers’ reflections on mentoring. PASAA, 59, 48-76.
Paltridge, B. (2020). Multi-perspective research. In J. McKinley, & H. Rose (Eds.), The Routledge handbook of research methods in applied linguistics (pp. 29-38). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780367824471
Pu, C., & Wright, W. E. (Eds.). (2022). Innovating the TESOL practicum in teacher education: Design, implementation, and pedagogy in an era of change. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003193937
Rakicioglu-Soylemez, A., & Eroz-Tuga, B. (2014). Mentoring expectations and experiences of prospective and cooperating teachers during practice teaching. Australian Journal of Teacher Education, 39(39), 146–168. https://doi.org/10.14221/ajte.2014v39n10.10
Richards, J. C. (2008). Second language teacher education today. RELC Journal, 39(2), 158-177. https://doi.org/10.1177/0033688208092182
Richards, J. C., & Farrell, T. S. C. (2011). Practice teaching: A reflective approach. Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139151535
Serdar Tülüce, H. S., & Çeçen, S. (2016). Scrutinizing practicum for a more powerful teacher education: A longitudinal study with pre-service teachers. Educational Sciences: Theory & Practice, 16, 127-151. https://doi.org/10.12738/estp.2016.1.0207
Shalem, Y., & Slonimsky, L. (2010). Seeing epistemic order: Construction and transmission of evaluative criteria. British Journal of Sociology of Education, 31(6), 755-778. https://doi.org/10.1080/01425692.2010.515106
Türk Eğitim Derneği [Turkish Education Association]. (2009). Öğretmen yeterlikleri [Teacher competencies]. TED. https://www.ted.org.tr/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/Ogretmen_Yeterlik_Kitap.pdf
Tüfekçi Can, D., & Baştürk, M. (2018). Qualitative research: The pre-service EFL teachers’ opinions on teaching practicum. Trakya University Journal of Social Science, 20(1), 187-212. https://doi.org/10.26468/trakyasobed.437672
Yaylı, D. (2018). Mentor support to pre-service teachers on theory-practice gap in practicum: An online practice. Erzincan University Journal of Education Faculty, 20(3), 590-601 https://doi.org/10.17556/erziefd.484594
The Practicum Evaluation Conundrum: Perceptions of Preservice English Language Teachers and Their Mentors
The evaluation conundrum during teaching practicum concerning the criteria used and perception of them by faculty mentors, school mentors, and preservice teachers remains a critical concern in language teacher education. This multi-perspective research quantitatively investigates the viewpoints of preservice English teachers and their school and faculty mentors regarding the significance of the evaluation criteria set by the Ministry of National Education for evaluating preservice teachers’ teaching in teaching practicum. While all three groups considered the evaluation criteria to be significant—although at varying degrees—the faculty mentors ascribed greater importance to the evaluation criteria, compared to school mentors and preservice teachers, for both the evaluation criteria used by faculty mentors and school mentors. The study highlights the key role of evaluations and feedback provided by school and faculty mentors during teaching practicum despite higher degrees of significance attached to the evaluation criteria used by school mentors. The implications can inform policy and practice in language teacher education, promoting better outcomes for the preparation of future English language teachers in Türkiye.
Aguinis, H. (2009). An expanded view of performance management. In J. W. Smither, & M. London (Eds.), Performance management: Putting research into action (pp. 1-43). Wiley.
Ak Başoğul, D. & Oryaşın, M., & Coşkun, Z. (2023). The situation of meeting the 21st century teacher competencies of the MEB practicum student evaluation forms. RumeliDE Journal of Language and Literature Studies, 33, 191-214. https://doi.org/10.29000/rumelide.1285272
Akcan, S., & Tatar, S. (2010). An investigation of the nature of feedback given to pre-service English teachers during their practice teaching experience. Teacher Development, 14(2), 153-172. https://doi.org/10.1080/13664530.2010.494495
Altınmakas, D. (2012). The influence of feedback on student teachers’ professional development. In Y. Bayyurt & Y. Bektaş-Çetinkaya (Eds.), Research perspectives on teaching and learning English in Turkey: Policies and practices (pp. 91-105). Peter Lang.
Anderson, N. A., & Radencich, M. C. (2001). The value of feedback in an early field experience: Peer, teacher, and supervisor coaching. Action in Teacher Education, 23(3), 66–74. https://doi.org/10.1080/01626620.2001.10463076
Asregid, D., Mihiretie, D. M., & Kassa, S. A. (2023). Teacher educators’ use of feedback to facilitate reflective practice among pre-service teachers during microteaching. Cogent Education, 10(2), Article 2257121. https://doi.org/10.1080/2331186X.2023.2257121
Aydın, Ö. (2016). An exploration on mentoring process in ELT practicum: Perspectives of student teachers, cooperating teachers, and supervisors. [Unpublished MA Thesis]. Middle East Technical University.
Aydın, Ö., & Ok, A. (2020). Mentoring practices in English language teaching practicum: Student teachers’ perspectives on cooperating teachers’ roles in the Turkish context. The Teacher Educator, 55(3), 248-266. https://doi.org/10.1080/08878730.2019.1701756
Bailey, K. M. (2006). Language teacher supervision: A case-based approach. Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511667329
Bhatti, M. T., Teevno, R. A., & Devi, S. (2020). Meta-analysis of the role of supervisory feedback in EFL/ESL teacher education. Elementary Education Online, 19(3), 3906-3930.
Bullock, S. M. (2017). Understanding candidates’ learning relationships with their cooperating teachers: A call to reframe my pedagogy. Studying Teacher Education, 13(2), 179–192. https://doi.org/10.1080/17425964.2017.1342355
Bulut, M. (2016). Pre-service EFL teacher learning during the practicum: A multiple case study in a context of systemic dissonance [Doctoral dissertation, University of Leeds]. White Rose eTheses Online. https://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/17977/1/Bulut_M_Education_PhD_2016.pdf
Caires, S., Almeida, L. S., & Martins, C. (2010). The socioemotional experiences of student teachers during practicum: A case of reality chock? The Journal of Educational Research, 103, 17-27. https://doi.org/10.1080/00220670903228611
Caires, S., Almeida, L., & Vieira, D. (2012). Becoming a teacher: Student teachers’ experiences and perceptions about teaching practice. European Journal of Teacher Education, 35(2), 163-178. https://doi.org/10.1080/02619768.2011.643395
Castaneda, J. A. F., & Montenegro, M. I. R. (2015). The paradox of the practicum: Affinity to and resistance towards teaching. IIkala, Revista de Lenguaje y Cultura, 20(3), 239–341. https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.ikala.v20n3a04
Celen, K. M., & Akcan, S. (2017). Evaluation of an ELT practicum programme from the perspectives of supervisors, student teachers and graduates. Journal of Teacher Education and Educators, 6(3), 251-274.
Circoki, A., Madyarov, I., & Baecher, L. (Eds.). (2019). Current perspectives on the TESOL practicum: Cases from around the globe. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-28756-6
CoHE [Council of Higher Education]. (1998). Fakülte-okul işbirliği [Faculty-school cooperation]. CoHE. https://www.yok.gov.tr/Documents/Yayinlar/Yayinlarimiz/Fakulte-Okul-Isbirligi.pdf
CoHE [Council of Higher Education]. (2007). Öğretmen yetiştirme ve eğitim fakülteleri [Teacher education and faculties of education] (1982-2007).
https://www.yok.gov.tr/Documents/Yayinlar/Yayinlarimiz/ogretmenyetistirme-ve-egitim-fakulteleri.pdf
Cohen, L., Manion, L., Morrison, K., & Wyse, D. (2010). A guide to teaching practice (Revised 5th ed.). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203848623
Crandall, J. A. (2000). Language teacher education. Annual Review of Applied Linguistics, 20, 34–55. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0267190500200032
Crookes, G. (2003). A practicum in TESOL: Professional development through teaching practice. Cambridge University Press.
Çakmak, M., & Gündüz, M. (2019). Dimensions and emerging themes in teaching practicum: A global perspective. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781351209885
Çelik, H., & Zehir Topkaya, E. (2023). Pre-service English language teachers’ state of preparedness to teach and its sources in field experience. Bartın University Faculty of Education Journal, 12(2),372-389. https://doi.org/10.14686/buefad.1059588
Elliott, K. (2015). Teacher performance appraisal: More about performance or development? Australian Journal of Teacher Education (Online), 40(9), 102-116. https://doi.org/10.14221/ajte.2015v40n9.6
Farr, F., & Farrell, A. (2023). The reflective cycle of the teaching practicum. Equinox Publishing.
Farrell, T. S. (2008). Here's the book, go teach the class” ELT practicum support. RELC Journal, 39(2), 226-241. https://doi.org/10.1177/0033688208092186
Field, A. (2018). Discovering statistics using IBM SPSS statistics (5th ed.). SAGE.
İlya, A. (2022). Exploring the characteristics of an online practicum course in an English language teacher education program: A case study [Unpublished Ph.D. Thesis]. Middle East Technical University.
Kablan, Z., Kaya, S., Arı, A. A., & Küçük, A. (2015). Associations among different raters in evaluating pre-service teachers’ teaching performance. Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal University Journal of Faculty of Education, 15(1), 146-158. https://doi.org/10.17240/aibuefd.2015.15.1-5000128599
Karaman, A. C., Özbilgin Gezgin, A., Rakıcıoğlu Söylemez, A., Eröz, B., & Akcan, S. (2019). Professional learning in the ELT practicum: Co-constructing visions. Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal University Journal of Faculty of Education, 19(1), 282- 293. https://doi.org/10.17240/aibuefd.2019.19.43815-492119
Keiler, L. S., Diotti, R., Hudon, K., & Ransom, J. C. (2020). The role of feedback in teacher mentoring: how coaches, peers, and students affect teacher change. Mentoring & Tutoring: Partnership in Learning, 28(2), 126-155. https://doi.org/10.1080/13611267.2020.1749345
Koç, S., Ergezen, S., Ayas, A., Baki, A., & Çepni, S. (1998). Fakülte-okul işbirliği [Faculty-school partnership]. YÖK/Dünya Bankası, Milli Eğitimi Geliştirme Projesi, Hizmet Öncesi Öğretmen Eğitimi [Higher Education Council/World Bank, National Education Development Project, Preservice Teacher Education]. https://www.yok.gov.tr/Documents/Yayinlar/Yayinlarimiz/Fakulte-Okul-Isbirligi.pdf
Lalanne, C., & Mesbah, M. (2016). Biostatistics and computer-based analysis of health data using Stata. ISTE Press-Elsevier.
Le, P. T. A. (2007). Supervisors’ feedback to student teachers: Inside out. Journal of Applied Linguistics, 4(2), 195-216. https://doi.org/10.1558/japl.v4i2.195
Le, P. T. A., & Vásquez, C. (2011). Feedback in teacher education: Mentor discourse and intern perceptions. Teacher Development 15(4), 453-470. https://doi.org/10.1080/13664530.2011.635264
Li, M., Kuang, F., & Dan, W. (2023). Exploring the characteristics of pre-service EFL teachers’ practicum experiences: a complexity theory-based case study in China. Asian-Pacific Journal of Second and Foreign Language Education, 8(13). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40862-023-00187-4
Martínez Agudo, J. (2016). What type of feedback do student teachers expect from their school mentors during practicum experience? The case of Spanish EFL student teachers. Australian Journal of Teacher Education, 41(5). http://ro.ecu.edu.au/ajte/vol41/iss5/3
Merç, A. (2015). Assessing the performance in EFL teaching practicum: Student teachers’ views. International Journal of Higher Education, 4(2), 44-56. https://doi.org/10.5430/ijhe.v4n2p44
Ministry of National Education [MoNE]. (2008). İngilizce öğretmeni özel alan yeterlikleri [English language teachers’ domain-specific competencies]. MoNE. https://oygm.meb.gov.tr/meb_iys_dosyalar/2017_11/06160113_2-YYretmen_Yeterlikleri_KitabY_ingilizce_YYretmeni_Yzel_alan_yeterlikleri_ilkYYretim_parYa_5.pdf
Ministry of National Education [MoNE]. (2018). Turkey’s education vision 2023. https://planipolis.iiep.unesco.org/sites/default/files/ressources/turkey_education_vision_2023.pdf
Ministry of National Education [MoNE]. (2021). Guidelines for pre-service teachers’ teaching practicum. T.C. Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı Tebliğler Dergisi, 2767, 1049-1064. https://oygm.meb.gov.tr/meb_iys_dosyalar/2021_10/03181211_OYGYRETMENLIYK_UYGULAMASI_YOYNERGE_2021_EYLUYL_EK.pdf
Nguyen, H. T. T. (2022). Feedback as a tool in practicum-based learning to teach: A ‘gift’ given or a ‘shared’ practice? Journal of Education for Teaching. https://doi.org/10.1080/02607476.2022.2151878
Orsdemir, E., & Yıldırım, R. (2020). “I would like her to …:” ELT student-teachers’ reflections on mentoring. PASAA, 59, 48-76.
Paltridge, B. (2020). Multi-perspective research. In J. McKinley, & H. Rose (Eds.), The Routledge handbook of research methods in applied linguistics (pp. 29-38). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780367824471
Pu, C., & Wright, W. E. (Eds.). (2022). Innovating the TESOL practicum in teacher education: Design, implementation, and pedagogy in an era of change. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003193937
Rakicioglu-Soylemez, A., & Eroz-Tuga, B. (2014). Mentoring expectations and experiences of prospective and cooperating teachers during practice teaching. Australian Journal of Teacher Education, 39(39), 146–168. https://doi.org/10.14221/ajte.2014v39n10.10
Richards, J. C. (2008). Second language teacher education today. RELC Journal, 39(2), 158-177. https://doi.org/10.1177/0033688208092182
Richards, J. C., & Farrell, T. S. C. (2011). Practice teaching: A reflective approach. Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139151535
Serdar Tülüce, H. S., & Çeçen, S. (2016). Scrutinizing practicum for a more powerful teacher education: A longitudinal study with pre-service teachers. Educational Sciences: Theory & Practice, 16, 127-151. https://doi.org/10.12738/estp.2016.1.0207
Shalem, Y., & Slonimsky, L. (2010). Seeing epistemic order: Construction and transmission of evaluative criteria. British Journal of Sociology of Education, 31(6), 755-778. https://doi.org/10.1080/01425692.2010.515106
Türk Eğitim Derneği [Turkish Education Association]. (2009). Öğretmen yeterlikleri [Teacher competencies]. TED. https://www.ted.org.tr/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/Ogretmen_Yeterlik_Kitap.pdf
Tüfekçi Can, D., & Baştürk, M. (2018). Qualitative research: The pre-service EFL teachers’ opinions on teaching practicum. Trakya University Journal of Social Science, 20(1), 187-212. https://doi.org/10.26468/trakyasobed.437672
Yaylı, D. (2018). Mentor support to pre-service teachers on theory-practice gap in practicum: An online practice. Erzincan University Journal of Education Faculty, 20(3), 590-601 https://doi.org/10.17556/erziefd.484594
Çelik, S., Çelik, H., & Karaca, B. (2023). The Practicum Evaluation Conundrum: Perceptions of Preservice English Language Teachers and Their Mentors. Journal of Language Research, 7(1), 29-48. https://doi.org/10.51726/jlr.1341865
AMA
Çelik S, Çelik H, Karaca B. The Practicum Evaluation Conundrum: Perceptions of Preservice English Language Teachers and Their Mentors. JLR. December 2023;7(1):29-48. doi:10.51726/jlr.1341865
Chicago
Çelik, Servet, Handan Çelik, and Bilal Karaca. “The Practicum Evaluation Conundrum: Perceptions of Preservice English Language Teachers and Their Mentors”. Journal of Language Research 7, no. 1 (December 2023): 29-48. https://doi.org/10.51726/jlr.1341865.
EndNote
Çelik S, Çelik H, Karaca B (December 1, 2023) The Practicum Evaluation Conundrum: Perceptions of Preservice English Language Teachers and Their Mentors. Journal of Language Research 7 1 29–48.
IEEE
S. Çelik, H. Çelik, and B. Karaca, “The Practicum Evaluation Conundrum: Perceptions of Preservice English Language Teachers and Their Mentors”, JLR, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 29–48, 2023, doi: 10.51726/jlr.1341865.
ISNAD
Çelik, Servet et al. “The Practicum Evaluation Conundrum: Perceptions of Preservice English Language Teachers and Their Mentors”. Journal of Language Research 7/1 (December 2023), 29-48. https://doi.org/10.51726/jlr.1341865.
JAMA
Çelik S, Çelik H, Karaca B. The Practicum Evaluation Conundrum: Perceptions of Preservice English Language Teachers and Their Mentors. JLR. 2023;7:29–48.
MLA
Çelik, Servet et al. “The Practicum Evaluation Conundrum: Perceptions of Preservice English Language Teachers and Their Mentors”. Journal of Language Research, vol. 7, no. 1, 2023, pp. 29-48, doi:10.51726/jlr.1341865.
Vancouver
Çelik S, Çelik H, Karaca B. The Practicum Evaluation Conundrum: Perceptions of Preservice English Language Teachers and Their Mentors. JLR. 2023;7(1):29-48.