The Geometric Themes in the Mosaics of the Religious Complex of Mértola (Portugal)
Abstract
The Settlement of Mértola dates from at least the end of the second or early first millennium BC. In the so-called
Iron Age, possibly in the third century BC, a walled enclosure with a total length of about 4 kilometres was
constructed. This is equivalent to a fortified area of 173 acres. During the period of Roman domination, the
city of Mirtylis minted coins and was an important trading port with an important set of structures, such as the
forum or the castellum, some private residences and production sites within its walls.
In the late forth century AD, when Christianity became the official religion of the Roman Empire, important
civil structures were built in Mértola, such as the tower near the river, and religious facilities such as funeral
basilicas and a mausoleum. The sacred area developed on the platform of the old forum where, together with
two imposing baptisteries, the mosaic fragments were found.
Despite the scarcity of dating elements for the mosaics in Mértola, it would appear that they belong to the sixth
century, a historical period in which the members of the community were buried with their epitaphs written in
Greek, possibly because of the influence of tastes and fashions from the Byzantine East. During this and the next
century, two important basilicas and a mausoleum were built in the suburbs of the city. On the forum, a set of
religious buildings would therefore mark the Christian topography of Mértola.
Keywords
References
- G. Åkerström-Hougen, 1974, The Calendar And Hunting Mosaics of The Villa of The Fal- Coner In Argos: A Study in Early Byzantine Iconography, Svenska Institutet I Athen, Stockholm.
- F. Baratte, 1978, Catalogue des Mosaïque Romaines et Paléochrétiennes du Musée du Louvre, Paris.
- H. Buschhausen, 1989, Mosaïques Byzantines de Jurdainie, Musée de la Civilisation Galoromaine de Lyon, Paris.
- J.E. Cirlot, 1982, Dicionário de símbolos, Barcelona.
- T. Ghalia, 1998, Hergla et les Mosaïques de Pavement des Basiliques Chrétiennes de Tunisie: Plan, Décore Et Liturgie, Tunis.
- T. Ghalia, 2001, “Ghalia, La Mosaïque Byzantine En Tunisie”, DossAParis 268, 67-77.
- P. Gouber, 1944, “Bizance et I’Espagne wisigothique (554-7II)”, REByz 2, 5-78.
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Details
Primary Language
Turkish
Subjects
Archaeology
Journal Section
Research Article
Authors
Virgílio António Martins Lopes
*
This is me
Portugal
Publication Date
November 30, 2017
Submission Date
December 22, 2016
Acceptance Date
July 1, 2017
Published in Issue
Year 2017 Number: 10