Asla Yapılmayan Mozaik. Trimithis’te İşlenmemiş Bir Mozaik Zemin için Hammadde ve Döşeme Taşları (Dakhla Vahası, Mısır)

Abstract

2012 yılında, Antik Dünya Araştırmaları Enstitüsü (ISAW, New York Üniversitesi) ana sponsorluğunda Amheida arkeolojik araştırmasını yürüten uluslararası bir ekip, Roma şehri olan Trimithis günümüz Amheida’sı (Dakhla Vahası, Yukarı Mısır) içinde büyük miktarda bozulmamış mozaik tesseraları buldu. Mozaik tesseralar, İS 4. yüzyılın sonlarında yenilenme sürecinde iken aniden terk edilmiş olan hamam kompleksinin parçası olan bir odada bulunmuştur. Sayısı 20.400’den fazla olan mozaik tesseralar, kireçtaşı, kumtaşı ve çok küçük bir oranda geri dönüştürülmüş seramikten yapılmış olup, dört farklı renk göstermektedir: Beyaz, sarı, koyu gri / siyah ve koyu kırmızı. Bunlar, Mısır vahalarındaki mozaik varlığı açısından ilk kanıt olarak görülmelidirler.
Bu makalenin amacı, buluntu kontekstini, mozaik tesseraları ile bunların üretimini sunmak ve son olarak, karşılaştırılabilir keşiflerle paralellikler sergilemektir.

Keywords

• Roma Dönemi Mısır
• Dakhla Vahası
• Trimithis
• mozaik tesseralar
• mozaik atölyesi

The Mosaic that Never Was. Tesserae and Raw Material for an Unlaid Mosaic Floor in Trimithis (Dakhla Oasis, Egypt)

Abstract

In 2012, the international team of the archaeological expedition at Amheida, under the primary sponsorship of the Institute for the Study of the Ancient World (ISAW, New York University), found a large amount of pristine mosaic tesserae in the Roman polis of Trimithis, the modern Amheida (Dakhla Oasis, Upper Egypt). The tesserae were recovered in a room that was part of a bath complex that was under renovation when it was suddenly abandoned at the end of the 4th century AD. The tesserae, more than 20,400 in number, were made of limestone, sandstone and, in a very small percentage, of recycled pottery, showing four different colours: white, yellow, dark grey/black and dark red. They must be considered as the first evidence for a mosaic in the Egyptian oases.
The aims of this paper are to present the finding context, the tesserae and their manufacturing and, finally, to display parallels with comparable discoveries.

Keywords

• Roman Egypt
• Dakhla Oasis
• Trimithis
• mosaic tesserae
• mosaic workshop

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