Chemical Composition of Two Grey Mullet Species (Chelon auratus, Mugil cephalus): A Comparative Study on Wild and Aquaculture-Adapted Species

Abstract

This study assessed the chemical composition of wild and culture-adapted golden grey mullet (Chelon auratus) and flathead grey mullet (Mugil cephalus). Wild samples were collected seasonally from Trabzon shores and compared to those adapted to aquaculture conditions for one year. Both species had high levels of glutamate, aspartate, alanine, leucine, and isoleucine. Mugil cephalus was a high protein source for adults, with a digestible indispensable amino acid score (DIAAS) score above 100 in both wild and culture forms. However, a DIAAS score exceeding 100 was only detected in wild Chelon auratus in the winter and spring. Both species had high levels of EPA and DHA, with Mugil cephalus having the highest lipid quality. Despite seasonal variations, cultured fish maintained a good nutritional profile similar to wild fish, especially in the autumn and summer.

Keywords

• Protein quality
• DIAAS
• Lipid indices
• Black Sea
• Seafood

İki Kefal Türünün (Chelon auratus, Mugil cephalus) Kimyasal Kompozisyonu: Doğal ve Akuakültüre Adapte Edilmiş Türlerin Karşılaştırılması

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, doğal ve kültüre adapte edilmiş altınbaş kefal (Chelon auratus) ve has kefal (Mugil cephalus) türlerinin kimyasal bileşimi değerlendirilmiştir. Örnekler Trabzon kıyılarından mevsimsel olarak avlanmış ve bir yıl boyunca yetiştiricilik şartlarına adapte edilen bireylerle karşılaştırılmıştır. Her iki türde de yüksek düzeyde glutamat, aspartat, alanin, lösin ve izolösin tespit edilmiştir. Mugil cephalus, doğal ve kültür formlarında 100'ün üzerinde bir sindirilebilir elzem amino asit skoruna (DIAAS) sahip yüksek protein kaynağı olarak belirlenmiştir. Ancak, 100'ü aşan DIAAS skoru sadece kış ve ilkbaharda doğadan avlanan Chelon auratus'ta tespit edilmiştir. Her iki türde de yüksek miktarda EPA ve DHA tespit edilmiş olup Mugil cephalus türünün en yüksek lipit kalitesine sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir. Mevsimsel değişikliklere rağmen, kültüre adapte edilen balıkların, özellikle sonbahar ve yaz aylarında, doğadan avlanan balıklara benzer iyi bir besin profilini koruduğu tespit edilmiştir.

Keywords

• Protein kalitesi
• DIAAS
• Lipit indeksleri
• Karadeniz
• Su ürünleri

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