Avrupa Levreği Yavrularının (Dicentrarchus labrax) Açlık ve Yeniden Beslenmede Telafi Edici Büyüme Tepkisi ile Mineral ve Antioksidan Enzim Aktivitelerinin Belirlenmesi

Abstract

Beslenme eksikliğinden sonra yeniden besleme döneminden sonra oluşan telafi büyümesi, balık çiftçiliğinin genel verimliliğini ve ekonomik uygulanabilirliğini önemli ölçüde etkileyebilir. Avrupa levreğinde (Dicentrarchus labrax) telafi edici büyümeyi anlamak, daha verimli besleme stratejilerine ve iyileştirilmiş balık sağlığına yol açabileceğinden su ürünleri yetiştiriciliği uygulamalarını optimize etmek için de önemlidir. Bu amaçla, bu çalışmada açlığın ve yeniden beslemenin levrek yavrularının büyüme performansı, mineral içeriği ve antioksidan enzim aktiviteleri üzerindeki etkileri değerlendirilmiştir. Deney, her biri üç tekrarlı beş uygulamayı içermektedir. Kontrol grubu (C) sürekli beslenirken, A1, A2, A3 ve A4 grupları bir, iki, üç ve dört hafta boyunca aç bırakılmıştır. Açlık döneminin ardından, tüm deneme grupları dört hafta boyunca günde iki kez doyuncaya kadar beslenmiştir. Denemenin sonunda, kontrol grubu açlık döneminde en iyi büyümeyi gösterirken, diğer grupların büyümesi açlık süresiyle azalma göstermiştir (p<0,05). Sonuç olarak, en yüksek spesifik büyüme oranı (SGR), yem dönüşüm oranı (FCR) ve hepatosomatik indeks (HSI) kontrol grubunda gözlenmiştir (p<0,05). Yeniden besleme döneminde potasyum (K) ve kalsiyum (Ca) düzeyleri açlık dönemine kıyasla önemli derecede azaldı. Ca, K, sodyum (Na) ve demir (Fe) oranları açlık döneminde yeniden besleme dönemine göre daha yüksek tespit edilmiştir. Dört hafta süren A4 grubu, her iki dönemde de kontrol uygulamasına kıyasla açlık döneminde en yüksek mineral içeriğine sahip bulunmuştur. Yeniden besleme döneminde kontrol uygulaması en düşük Ca, Fe, fosfor (P), manganez (Mn) ve çinko (Zn) düzeylerine sahip bulunmuştur (p<0,05). Süperoksit dismutaz (SOD), katalaz (CAT), glutatyon peroksidaz (GPx) ve lipid peroksidasyonu (LPO) dahil antioksidan enzim aktiviteleri, açlık döneminde A2, C ve A1 gruplarında en yüksek tespit edilmiştir (p<0,05). Bu değerler yeniden besleme döneminin sonunda önemli ölçüde azalmıştır (p<0,05). Bu nedenle, bu çalışma açlıktan sonra yeniden beslemenin incelenen levrek yavrularında kısmi telafi büyümesinin gözlendiği sonucuna varmaktadır.

Keywords

• Levrek
• Dicentrarchus labrax
• Antioksidan enzimler
• Mineral madde
• Açlık
• Yeniden besleme
• Telafi büyümesi

Determination of the Compensatory Growth Response, Mineral and Antioxidant Enzyme Activities of European Sea Bass Fingerlings (Dicentrarchus labrax) in Fasting and Re-feeding

Abstract

Understanding compensatory growth in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) is also crucial for optimizing aquaculture practices as it can lead to more efficient feeding strategies and improved fish health. To this end, this study evaluated the effects of fasting and re-feeding on growth performance, mineral and antioxidant enzyme activities of European sea bass fingerlings. The experiment involved five treatments, each with three replicates. The control treatment was fed continuously, while treatments A1, A2, A3, and A4 were fasted for one, two, three, and four weeks, respectively. Following the fasting period, all treatments were fed to satiation twice daily for four weeks. At the end of the trial, the control treatment showed the best growth during the fasting period, while the growth of the other treatments decreased with the duration of fasting (p<0.05). Consequently, the highest specific growth rate (SGR), feed conversion ratio (FCR) and hepatosomatic index (HSI) were observed in the control treatment (p<0.05). During the re-feeding period, potassium (K) and calcium (Ca) levels significantly decreased compared to the fasting period. The ratios of Ca, K, sodium (Na), and iron (Fe) were higher during the fasting period than during the re-feeding period. A4 treatment, which lasted for four weeks, had the highest mineral content during the fasting period compared to the control treatment in both periods. In the re-feeding period, the control treatment had the lowest levels of Ca, Fe, phosphorus (P), manganese (Mn), and zinc (Zn) (p<0.05). Antioxidant enzyme activities, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and lipid peroxidation (LPO), were highest in treatments A2, C, and A1 during the fasting period (p<0.05). These values significantly decreased by the end of the re-feeding period (p<0.05). Therefore, this study concludes that re-feeding after fasting resulted in partial compensatory growth in the European sea bass fingerlings examined.

Keywords

• European sea bass
• Dicentrarchus labrax
• Antioxidant enzymes
• Mineral matters
• Fasting
• Re-feeding
• Compansatory growth

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