The Relationship Between Perceived Stress Level and Sleep Quality of Nursing Students During the Pandemic

Year 2023, Volume: 16 Issue: 3, 343 - 356, 15.07.2023

Zeynep Pehlivan Köksal , Gamzegül Altay Ayten Yılmaz Yavuz

https://doi.org/10.46483/jnef.1327442

Cited By: 2

Abstract

Background: The new lifestyle that emerged in the COVID-19 pandemic and the measures taken to control the epidemic cause individuals to experience intense stress and decrease their sleep quality.
Objectives: In this study, it was aimed to determine the relationship between the level of stress and sleep quality that nursing students perceived during the pandemic process.
Methods: The study was conducted as a descriptive study with 229 undergraduate students who were actively studying in the nursing department of a state university and accepted to participate in the study. The data of the study were collected online through a structured questionnaire created in Google Forms using the “Descriptive Information Form”, the “Perceived Stress Scale (PSS)” and the “Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PUKI)”.
Results: The students’ PSS total mean score was 15.36±5.08, and 73.4% of them had poor sleep quality. There is a statistically significant, positive and moderate relationship between the total score of PSS and the total score of PSS. It was found that students who had difficulties in understanding, comprehending and participating in the theoretical and practical lessons in the distance education process, and who thought that the pandemic process increased the stress level and changed their sleeping habits, had higher PSS and PUKI scores.
Conclusion: It was determined that as the perceived stress levels of nursing students increased during the pandemic process, their sleep quality decreased. It is thought that stress management practices and elective courses for nursing students should be added to the curriculum during the pandemic process.

Keywords

Nursing, Student, Pandemic, Stress, Sleep

Pandemi Sürecinde Hemşirelik Öğrencilerinin Algıladıkları Stres Düzeyi ile Uyku Kalitesi Arasındaki İlişki

Abstract

Giriş: COVID-19 pandemisinde ortaya çıkan yeni yaşam tarzı ve salgını kontrol altına almak için alınan önlemler, bireylerin yoğun stres yaşamalarına ve uyku kalitelerinin azalmasına neden olmaktadır.
Amaç: Bu çalışmada, hemşirelik öğrencilerinin pandemi sürecinde algıladıkları stres düzeyi ile uyku kalitesi arasındaki ilişkiyi belirlemek amaçlanmıştır.
Yöntem: Çalışma, bir devlet üniversitesinin hemşirelik bölümünde aktif öğrenim görmekte olan ve çalışmaya katılmayı kabul eden 229 lisans öğrencisi ile tanımlayıcı olarak yapıldı. Araştırmanın verileri, “Tanıtıcı Bilgiler Formu’’, “Algılanan Stres Ölçeği (ASÖ)’’ ve “Pittsburg Uyku Kalitesi İndeksi (PUKİ)’’ kullanılarak online olarak toplandı.
Bulgular: Öğrencilerin ASÖ toplam puan ortalamaları 15.36±5.08 olup, %73.4’ü kötü uyku kalitesine sahiptir. PUKİ toplam puanı ile ASÖ toplam puanı arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı, pozitif yönlü ve orta düzeyli bir ilişki vardır. Uzaktan eğitim sürecinde teorik ve uygulamalı dersleri anlama, kavrama ve katılma güçlüğü yaşayan, pandemi sürecinin stres düzeyini arttırdığını ve uyku alışkanlıklarını değiştirdiğini düşünen öğrencilerin ASÖ ve PUKİ puanlarının daha yüksek olduğu bulundu.
Sonuç: Pandemi sürecinde hemşirelik öğrencilerinin algılanan stres düzeyleri arttıkça uyku kalitelerinin azaldığı saptandı. Pandemi sürecinde hemşirelik öğrencilerine yönelik stres yönetimini sağlayıcı uygulamaların ve seçmeli derslerin müfredata eklenmesi gerektiği düşünülmektedir.

Keywords

Hemşirelik, Öğrenci, Pandemi, Stres, Uyku

References

• Ağargün, M. Y, Kara, H, ve Anlar, O. (1996). Pittsburgh Uyku Kalitesi İndeksi’nin gecerliği ve güvenirliği. Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi, 7(2), 107-111.
• Alimoradi, Z., Broström, A., Tsang, H. W., Griffiths, M. D, Haghayegh, S., Ohayo, M. M., ve Pakpour, A. H. (2021). Sleep problems during COVID-19 pandemic and its’ association to psychological distress: A systematic review and meta-analysis. E Clinical Medicine, 36, 100916.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2021.100916
• Alp, S. İ., Deveci, M., Erdal, B., Akalın, R. B., ve Terzi, D. (2020). Coronavirüs Hastalığı 2019 (COVİD 19) döneminde üniversite öğrencilerinde uyku kalitesi ve insomni şiddeti. Namık Kemal Tıp Dergisi, 8(3), 288-295.
• Anbumalar, C., Dorathy, A. P., Jaswanti, V. P., Priya, D., ve Reniangelin, D. (2017). Gender differences in perceived stress levels and coping strategies among college students. The International Journal of Indian Psychology 2017;4(4):22-33.
• Aslan, H., ve Pekince, H. (2021). Nursing students views on the COVID‐19 pandemic and their percieved stress levels. Perspect Psychiatr Care. 57(2), 695-701.
• Becker, S. P., Jarrett, M. A., Luebb,e A. M., Garner, A. A., Burns, G. L., ve Kofler, M. J. (2018). Sleep in a large, multi-university sample of college students: sleep problem prevalence, sex differences, and mental health correlates. Sleep Health, 4(2), 174-181.
• Begam, B., ve Devi, K. (2020). A study to assess the perceived stress among nursing students during COVID-19 lockdown. International Journal of Science and Healthcare Research, 5(4), 388-393.
• Bilge, A., Öğce, F., Genç, R. E., ve Oran, N. T. (2000). “Algılanan Stres Ölçeği (ASÖ)’nin Türkçe versiyonunun psikometrik uygunluğu», Ege Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Fakültesi Dergisi. 2(25), 61-72.
• Bhavani, N. M., Mansoor, A., ve Prashantha, B. (2018). Perceived stress and source of stress among undergraduate medical students of Government Medical College Mysore. Int J Community Med Public Health, 5(8), 3513‐3518.
• Buysse, D. J., Reynolds, C. F., Monk, T. H., Berman, S. R., ve Kupfer, D. J. (1989). The Pittsburgh Sleep Qualityal. Index: A new instrument for psychiatric practice and research. Psychiatry Res. 28, 193-213.
• Cao, W., Fang, Z., Hou, G., Han, M., Xu, X., Dong, J., et al. (2020). The psychological impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on college students in China. Psychiatry research. 287, doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112934.
• Cellini, N., Canale, N., Mioni, G., ve Costa, S. (2020). Changes in sleep pattern, sense of time and digital media use during COVID‐19 lockdown in Italy. J Sleep Res. 29(4), e13074.
• Choueiry, N., Salamoun, T., Jabbour, H., El Osta, N., Hajj, A., ve Rabbaa Khabbaz, L. (2016). Insomnia and relationship with anxiety in university students: a cross-sectional designed study. PloS One. 11(2), e0149643.
• Cohen, S., Kamarck, T., ve Mermelstein, R. A. (1983). global measure of perceived stress. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 24(4), 385-396.
• Ersin, F., ve Kartal, M. (2020). The determination of the perceived stress levels and health‐protective behaviors of nursing students during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Perspect Psychiatr Care, doi: 10.1111/ppc.12636
• Dalcalı, B. K., Durgun, H., ve Taş, A. S. (2021). Anxiety levels and sleep quality in nursing students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Perspect Psychiatr Care, 57(4), 1999-2005.
• Fawaz, M., ve Samaha, A. (2021). E‐learning: Depression, anxiety, and stress symptomatology among Lebanese university students during COVID‐19 quarantine. Nurs Forum, 56(1), 52-57.
• Gallego-Gómez, J. I., Campillo-Cano, M., Carrión-Martínez, A., Balanza, S., Rodríguez-González-Moro, M. T., Simonelli-Muñoz, A. J, et al. (2020). The COVID-19 pandemic and its impact on homebound nursing students. Int J of Environ Res and Public Health. 17(20), 7383-7394.
• Göl, İ., ve Erkin, Ö. (2012). Mental status of nursing students assessed using the general health questionnaire during the COVID‐19 pandemic in Turkey. Perspect Psychiatr Care, doi: 10.1111/ppc.12740
• Hershner, S., ve O’brien, L. M. (2018). The impact of a randomized sleep education intervention for college students. J Clin Sleep Med. 14(3), 337-347.
• Kaçan, C. Y., Özdemir, A., ve Ünal, E. (2021). COVID-19 salgını sürecinde hemşirelik öğrencilerinin uyku düzenleri, psikolojik durumları ve egzersiz yapma durumlarının incelenmesi. İnönü Üniversitesi Sağlık Hizmetleri Meslek Yüksek Okulu Dergisi. 9(3), 1044-1065.
• Keskin, S. K., ve Kurtgöz, A. (2020). Hemşirelik öğrencilerinin covid-19 pandemisi sürecinde aldıkları uzaktan eğitime yönelik tutum ve görüşlerinin belirlenmesi. Journal of International Social Research. 13(74), 558-566.
• Kürtüncü, M., ve Kurt, A. (2020). COVID-19 pandemisi döneminde hemşirelik öğrencilerinin uzaktan eğitim konusunda yaşadıkları sorunlar. Avrasya Sosyal ve Ekonomi Araştırmaları Dergisi. 7(5), 66-77.
• Maia, B. R., ve Dias, P. C. (2020). Anxiety, depression and stress in university students: the impact of COVID-19. Estudos de Psicologia (Campinas). http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1982-0275202037e200067
• Majrashi, A., Khalil, A., Nagshabandi, E. A., ve Majrashi., A. (2021). Stressors and coping strategies among nursing students during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Scoping Review. Nurs Rep, 11(2), 444-459.
• Marelli, S., Castelnuovo, A., Somma, A., Castronovo, V., Mombelli, S., Bottoni, D, et al. (2021). Impact of COVID-19 lockdown on sleep quality in university students and administration staff. J Neurol. 268(1), 8-15.
• Masha’al, D., Rababa, M., ve Shahrour, G. (2020). Distance learning–related stress among undergraduate nursing students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Nursing Education. 59(12), 666-674.
• Muley, P. P., Muley, P. A., ve Meshram, K. A. (2020). Effect of COVID-19 lockdown on perceived stress scale in medical students. Indian J Forensic Med Toxicol, 14, 6426-6429.
• Odriozola-González, P., Planchuelo-Gómez, Á., Irurtia, M. J., de Luis-García, R. (2020). Psychological effects of the COVID-19 outbreak and lockdown among students and workers of a Spanish university. Psychiatry research, 290, 113108.
• Özkan, İ., Taylan, S., ve İlaslan, E. (2021). The experiences of nursing students towards distance education during the COVID-19 Pandemic. International e-Journal of Educational Studies. 5(10), 106-117.
• Romero-Blanco, C., Rodríguez-Almagro, J., Onieva-Zafra, M. D., Parra-Fernández, M. L., Prado-Laguna, M. D. C., Hernández-Martínez, A. (2020). Sleep pattern changes in nursing students during the COVID-19 lockdown. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(14), 5222-5233.
• Singh, H. K., Joshi, A., Malepati, R. N., Najeeb, S., Balakrishna, P., Pannerselvam, N. K, et al. (2021). A survey of E-learning methods in nursing and medical education during COVID-19 pandemic in India. Nurse Educ Today. 99: doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2021.104796
• Tuğut, F., Tuğut, N., Çelik, B. Y. (2021). Sağlık alanında okuyan öğrencilerin covid-19 pandemi sürecinde durumluk süreklilik kaygı, algılanan stres ve depresyon düzeylerinin belirlenmesi. Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi. 6(2), 136-144.
• Velavan, T. P., ve Meyer, C. G. (2020). The COVID‐19 epidemic. Trop Med Int Health. 25(3), 278-280.
• Zhuo, K., Gao, C., Wang, X., Zhang, C., ve Wang, Z. (2020). Stress and sleep: a survey based on wearable sleep trackers among medical and nursing staff in Wuhan during the COVID-19 pandemic. General psychi-atry. 33(3), e100260. doi: 10.1136/gpsych-2020-100260