Research Article
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Investigation of Toxoplasma gondii Serology in Different Gender and Age Groups

Year 2022, Volume: 25 Issue: 1, 50 - 53, 01.03.2022
https://doi.org/10.54614/JANHS.2022.975323

Abstract

Objective: This study, it was aimed to determine the seroprevalence of Toxoplasma according to gender and different age groups, retrospectively; the results of patients who applied to family physicians in Erzurum for various reasons and whose T. gondii IgG and IgM serology were investigated.

Methods: In this study, specific antibody values against T. gondii of 8617 people in Erzurum center between January 2019 and March 2020 were investigated retrospectively. The Serum samples of the patients were studied in the Erzurum Public Health Microbiology Laboratory. Chi-square test was applied in the study and P
< .05 value was accepted as the significance limit.

Results: The study group consisted of 630 (7.3%) males and 7967 (92.7%) females between the ages of 0-80. Toxoplasma IgG was 21.2%, Toxoplasma IgM antibody positivity was 0.5%. Toxoplasma IgG positivity rate was 26.1% in males and 20.8% in females; Toxoplasma IgM positivity rate was 1.7% in males and 0.5% in females. Toxoplasma IgG positivity rates tended to increase with increasing age in the study. Toxoplasma IgM the highest positivity rate was found to be in 13-17 age group.

Conclusion: According to other studies on Toxoplasma seroprevalence in our country, the rates of seropositivity in our region were found to be low. In our study, Toxoplasma IgG and IgM seropositivity rates were higher in men than in women.

References

  • 1. Paniker CKJ, Sougata G, Coccidia. In: Sougata G, editor. Paniker’s Textbook of Medical Parasitology (Paperback). seventh ed. Replika Press Pvt. Ltd: Jaypee Brothers Medical P; 2013. p. 87-99.
  • 2. Negero J, Yohannes M, Woldemichael K, Tegegne D. Seroprevalence and potential risk factors of T. gondii infection in pregnant women attending antenatal care at Bonga Hospital, Southwestern Ethiopia. J Int Infect Dis. 2017;57(2017):44-49. [Crossref]
  • 3. Cetin M, Cetin S. Age-related prevalence of toxoplasmosis among pregnant women in Hatay: Estimation depending on model. Mikrobiyol Bul. 2017;51(4):361-369. [Crossref]
  • 4. Robert-Gangneux F, Darde ML. Epidemiology of and diagnostic strategies for toxoplasmosis. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2012;25(2):264-296. [Crossref]
  • 5. Montoya JG, Remington JS. Management of Toxoplasma gondii infection during pregnancy. Clin Infect Dis. 2008;47(4):554-566. [Crossref]
  • 6. Liu Q, Wang ZD, Huang SY, Zhu XQ. Diagnosis of toxoplasmosis and typing of Toxoplasma gondii. Parasit Vectors. 2015;8(1):292. [Crossref]
  • 7. Alver O, Payaslioglu M, Ener B. Investigation of Toxoplasma gondii Seropositivity in Uludag University Hospital between 2009-2016. Turkiye Parazitol Derg. 2019;43(Suppl 1):8-12. [Crossref]
  • 8. Gürüz AY, Özcel MA. Toxoplasmosis. In: Özcel MA, editor. Tıbbi Parazit Hastalıkları içinde. İzmir: Meta Basım Matb; 2007. p.141-89.
  • 9. Gontijo da Silva M, Clare Vinaud M, de Castro AM. Prevalence of toxoplasmosis in pregnant women and vertical transmission of Toxoplasma gondii in patients from basic units of health from Gurupi, Tocantins, Brazil, from 2012 to 2014. PLoS One. 2015;10(11):e0141700. [Crossref]
  • 10. Doğan K, Kafkaslı A, Karaman Ü, Atambay M, Karaoğlu L, Çolak C. Gebelerde Toksoplazma enfeksiyonunun seropozitiflik ve serokonversiyon oranları. Mikrobiyol Bul. 2012;46(2):290-294.
  • 11. Aynioglu A, Aynioglu O, Altunok ES. Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii, rubella and Cytomegalovirus among pregnant females in north-western Turkey. Acta Clinica Belgica. 2015;70(5):321-324. [Crossref]
  • 12. Obut M, Doğan Y, Bademkıran MH, Akgöl S, Kahveci B, Peker N, et al. Diyarbakır İlindeki Gebe Kadınlarda Toksoplazma, Rubella ve Sitomegalovirus Seroprevalansı. Dicle Tıp Dergisi. 2019;46(2):23-28. [Crossref]
  • 13. Akpınar O, Akpınar H, Keskin EŞ. Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii among pregnant women in Isparta Province, Turkey. Düzce Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi. 2017;7(3):133-136.
  • 14. Cinar Tanriverdi E, Goktug Kadioglu B, Alay H, Ozkurt Z. Retrospective Evaluation of Anti-Toxoplasma gondii Antibody Among First Trimester Pregnant Women Admitted to Nenehatun Maternity Hospital between 2013-2017 in Erzurum. Turkiye Parazitol Derg.2018;42(2):101-105. [Crossref]
  • 15. Bozok T. Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in Pregnant Women in Adana, Turkey from 2014 to 2016. FLORA. 2017;22(2):67-72.
  • 16. Aydin Turkoglu S, Karabork S, Cakmak M, Orallar H, Yaman K, Ayaz E. Investigation of a 6-year seropositivity of Toxoplasma gondii in Abant Izzet Baysal University Educational Research Hospital. Turkiye Parazitol Derg. 2018;42(2):106-112. [Crossref]
  • 17. Gurlek B, Colak S. Antenatal Toxoplasma gondii, Rubella and Cytomegalovirus Infection Screening Among Pregnant Women Attending Tertiary University Hospital. Gynecol Obstet Reprod Med. 2019; 25(2):74-80. [Crossref]
  • 18. Yıldırım D, Büyükboyacı NH, Bölükbaşı S, et al. Toxoplasmoz şüpheli hastalarda Toxoplasma gondii seropozitifliğinin kemilüminesan mikropartikül immunolojik test (CMIA) yöntemi ile araştırılması. Cumhuriyet Med J. 2013;35(4):468-474.
  • 19. Ahmadpour GR, Ezatpour B, Hadighi R, et al. Seroepidemiology of Toxoplasma gondii infection in pregnant women in west Iran: determined by ELISA and PCR analysis. J Parasit Dis. 2017;41(1):237-242. [Crossref]
  • 20. Nisbet AI, Omuse G, Revathi G, Adam RD. Seroprevalence data at a private teaching hospital in Kenya: An examination of Toxoplasma gondii, cytomegalovirus, rubella, hepatitis A, and Entamoeba histolytica. Plos One. 2018;13(10): e0204867. [Crossref]
  • 21. Pribakovic JA, Katanic N, Radevic T, et al. Serological status of childbearing-aged women for Toxoplasma gondii and cytomegalovirus in northern Kosovo and Metohija. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop. 2019;52:e20170313. [Crossref]
  • 22. Puccio G, Cajozzo C, Canduscio LA, et al. Epidemiology of Toxoplasma and CMV serology and of GBS colonization in pregnancy and neonatal outcome in a Sicilian population. Ital J Pediatr. 2014;40(1):23. [Crossref]
  • 23. Berger F, Goulet V, Le Strat Y, Desenclos JC. Toxoplasmosis among pregnant women in France: risk factors and change of prevalence between 1995 and 2003. Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique. 2009;57(4):241-248. [Crossref]
  • 24. Moura FL, Amendoeira MR, Bastos OM, et al. Prevalence and risk factors for Toxoplasma gondii infection among pregnant and postpartum women attended at public healthcare facilities in the City of Niteroi, State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop. 2013;46(2):200-207. [Crossref]
  • 25. Rasheed EM, Abdullah KK, Sarhan YT. Specific IgM to Toxoplasma gondii, Rubella and Cytomegalovirus Infection in First Trimester Miscarriage with Seasonal Variation. AMJ. 2017;14(1):40-46.
  • 26. El Deeb HK, Salah-Eldin H, Khodeer S, Allah AA. Prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection in antenatal population in Menoufia governorate, Egypt. Acta Tropica. 2012;124(3):185-191. [Crossref]
  • 27. İnci M, Yağmur G, Aksebzeci T, Kaya E, Yazar S. Kayseri’de kadınlarda Toxoplasma gondii seropozitifliğinin araştırılması. Turkiye Parazitol Derg. 2009;33(3):191-194.
  • 28. Kölgelier S, Demiraslan H, Katas B, Güler D. Gebelerde Toksoplasma gondii seroprevalansı. Dicle Tıp Dergisi. 2009;36(3):170-172.
  • 29. Tekin A, Deveci Ö, Yula E. The seroprevalence of antibodies against Toxoplasma gondii and Rubella virus among childbearing age women in Mardin province Mardin’de doğurganlık çağındaki kadınlarda toksoplazma ve rubella antikor seroprevalansı. JCEI. 2010;1(2):81-85.

Farklı Cinsiyet ve Yaş Gruplarında Toxoplasma Gondii Serolojisinin Araştırılması

Year 2022, Volume: 25 Issue: 1, 50 - 53, 01.03.2022
https://doi.org/10.54614/JANHS.2022.975323

Abstract

Amaç: Çalışmamızda Erzurum’da aile hekimlerine çeşitli nedenlerle başvuran ve T. gondii IgG ile IgM serolojisi araştırılan hastaların sonuçlarının geriye dönük olarak incelenmesi, araştırma konusu bu kişilerde cinsiyet ve farklı yaş gruplarına göre Toxoplasma seroprevalansın belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır.

Yöntemler: Bu çalışmada Ocak 2019-Mart 2020 tarihleri arasında, Erzurum merkezde toplam 8.617 kişinin T.gondii'ye karşı oluşmuş özgül antikor değerleri retrospektif olarak araştırılmıştır. Hastalara ait serum örnekleri Halk Sağlığı Mikrobiyoloji Laboratuvarında çalışılmıştır. Çalışmada ki-kare testi uygulanmış olup anlamlılık sınırı olarak P < ,05 değeri kabul edilmiştir.


Bulgular:
Çalışma grubu yaşları 0-80 arası 630 (%7,3) erkek, 7967 (%92,7) kadından oluşmaktaydı. Toxoplasma IgG %21,2 oranında, Toxoplasma IgM antikor pozitifliği %0,5 oranında bulunmuştur. Toxoplasma IgG pozitifliği erkeklerde %26,1- kadınlarda %20,8 oranında; Toxoplasma IgM pozitifliği erkeklerde %1,7- kadınlarda %0,5 oranında pozitif bulunmuştur. Çalışmada yaş arttıkça Toxoplasma IgG pozitiflik oranları artma eğilimi göstermiştir. Toxoplasma IgM pozitiflik oranı ise 13-17’li yaş grubunda en yüksek oranda gözlenmiştir.

Sonuç: Ülkemizde Toxoplasma seroprevalansı üzerine yapılmış diğer çalışmalara göre bölgemizdeki seropozitiflik oranları düşük bulunmuştur. Çalışmamızda erkeklerde kadınlara göre Toxoplasma IgG ve IgM seropozitiflik oranları daha yüksek düzeyde olduğu gözlenmiştir.

References

  • 1. Paniker CKJ, Sougata G, Coccidia. In: Sougata G, editor. Paniker’s Textbook of Medical Parasitology (Paperback). seventh ed. Replika Press Pvt. Ltd: Jaypee Brothers Medical P; 2013. p. 87-99.
  • 2. Negero J, Yohannes M, Woldemichael K, Tegegne D. Seroprevalence and potential risk factors of T. gondii infection in pregnant women attending antenatal care at Bonga Hospital, Southwestern Ethiopia. J Int Infect Dis. 2017;57(2017):44-49. [Crossref]
  • 3. Cetin M, Cetin S. Age-related prevalence of toxoplasmosis among pregnant women in Hatay: Estimation depending on model. Mikrobiyol Bul. 2017;51(4):361-369. [Crossref]
  • 4. Robert-Gangneux F, Darde ML. Epidemiology of and diagnostic strategies for toxoplasmosis. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2012;25(2):264-296. [Crossref]
  • 5. Montoya JG, Remington JS. Management of Toxoplasma gondii infection during pregnancy. Clin Infect Dis. 2008;47(4):554-566. [Crossref]
  • 6. Liu Q, Wang ZD, Huang SY, Zhu XQ. Diagnosis of toxoplasmosis and typing of Toxoplasma gondii. Parasit Vectors. 2015;8(1):292. [Crossref]
  • 7. Alver O, Payaslioglu M, Ener B. Investigation of Toxoplasma gondii Seropositivity in Uludag University Hospital between 2009-2016. Turkiye Parazitol Derg. 2019;43(Suppl 1):8-12. [Crossref]
  • 8. Gürüz AY, Özcel MA. Toxoplasmosis. In: Özcel MA, editor. Tıbbi Parazit Hastalıkları içinde. İzmir: Meta Basım Matb; 2007. p.141-89.
  • 9. Gontijo da Silva M, Clare Vinaud M, de Castro AM. Prevalence of toxoplasmosis in pregnant women and vertical transmission of Toxoplasma gondii in patients from basic units of health from Gurupi, Tocantins, Brazil, from 2012 to 2014. PLoS One. 2015;10(11):e0141700. [Crossref]
  • 10. Doğan K, Kafkaslı A, Karaman Ü, Atambay M, Karaoğlu L, Çolak C. Gebelerde Toksoplazma enfeksiyonunun seropozitiflik ve serokonversiyon oranları. Mikrobiyol Bul. 2012;46(2):290-294.
  • 11. Aynioglu A, Aynioglu O, Altunok ES. Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii, rubella and Cytomegalovirus among pregnant females in north-western Turkey. Acta Clinica Belgica. 2015;70(5):321-324. [Crossref]
  • 12. Obut M, Doğan Y, Bademkıran MH, Akgöl S, Kahveci B, Peker N, et al. Diyarbakır İlindeki Gebe Kadınlarda Toksoplazma, Rubella ve Sitomegalovirus Seroprevalansı. Dicle Tıp Dergisi. 2019;46(2):23-28. [Crossref]
  • 13. Akpınar O, Akpınar H, Keskin EŞ. Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii among pregnant women in Isparta Province, Turkey. Düzce Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi. 2017;7(3):133-136.
  • 14. Cinar Tanriverdi E, Goktug Kadioglu B, Alay H, Ozkurt Z. Retrospective Evaluation of Anti-Toxoplasma gondii Antibody Among First Trimester Pregnant Women Admitted to Nenehatun Maternity Hospital between 2013-2017 in Erzurum. Turkiye Parazitol Derg.2018;42(2):101-105. [Crossref]
  • 15. Bozok T. Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in Pregnant Women in Adana, Turkey from 2014 to 2016. FLORA. 2017;22(2):67-72.
  • 16. Aydin Turkoglu S, Karabork S, Cakmak M, Orallar H, Yaman K, Ayaz E. Investigation of a 6-year seropositivity of Toxoplasma gondii in Abant Izzet Baysal University Educational Research Hospital. Turkiye Parazitol Derg. 2018;42(2):106-112. [Crossref]
  • 17. Gurlek B, Colak S. Antenatal Toxoplasma gondii, Rubella and Cytomegalovirus Infection Screening Among Pregnant Women Attending Tertiary University Hospital. Gynecol Obstet Reprod Med. 2019; 25(2):74-80. [Crossref]
  • 18. Yıldırım D, Büyükboyacı NH, Bölükbaşı S, et al. Toxoplasmoz şüpheli hastalarda Toxoplasma gondii seropozitifliğinin kemilüminesan mikropartikül immunolojik test (CMIA) yöntemi ile araştırılması. Cumhuriyet Med J. 2013;35(4):468-474.
  • 19. Ahmadpour GR, Ezatpour B, Hadighi R, et al. Seroepidemiology of Toxoplasma gondii infection in pregnant women in west Iran: determined by ELISA and PCR analysis. J Parasit Dis. 2017;41(1):237-242. [Crossref]
  • 20. Nisbet AI, Omuse G, Revathi G, Adam RD. Seroprevalence data at a private teaching hospital in Kenya: An examination of Toxoplasma gondii, cytomegalovirus, rubella, hepatitis A, and Entamoeba histolytica. Plos One. 2018;13(10): e0204867. [Crossref]
  • 21. Pribakovic JA, Katanic N, Radevic T, et al. Serological status of childbearing-aged women for Toxoplasma gondii and cytomegalovirus in northern Kosovo and Metohija. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop. 2019;52:e20170313. [Crossref]
  • 22. Puccio G, Cajozzo C, Canduscio LA, et al. Epidemiology of Toxoplasma and CMV serology and of GBS colonization in pregnancy and neonatal outcome in a Sicilian population. Ital J Pediatr. 2014;40(1):23. [Crossref]
  • 23. Berger F, Goulet V, Le Strat Y, Desenclos JC. Toxoplasmosis among pregnant women in France: risk factors and change of prevalence between 1995 and 2003. Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique. 2009;57(4):241-248. [Crossref]
  • 24. Moura FL, Amendoeira MR, Bastos OM, et al. Prevalence and risk factors for Toxoplasma gondii infection among pregnant and postpartum women attended at public healthcare facilities in the City of Niteroi, State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop. 2013;46(2):200-207. [Crossref]
  • 25. Rasheed EM, Abdullah KK, Sarhan YT. Specific IgM to Toxoplasma gondii, Rubella and Cytomegalovirus Infection in First Trimester Miscarriage with Seasonal Variation. AMJ. 2017;14(1):40-46.
  • 26. El Deeb HK, Salah-Eldin H, Khodeer S, Allah AA. Prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection in antenatal population in Menoufia governorate, Egypt. Acta Tropica. 2012;124(3):185-191. [Crossref]
  • 27. İnci M, Yağmur G, Aksebzeci T, Kaya E, Yazar S. Kayseri’de kadınlarda Toxoplasma gondii seropozitifliğinin araştırılması. Turkiye Parazitol Derg. 2009;33(3):191-194.
  • 28. Kölgelier S, Demiraslan H, Katas B, Güler D. Gebelerde Toksoplasma gondii seroprevalansı. Dicle Tıp Dergisi. 2009;36(3):170-172.
  • 29. Tekin A, Deveci Ö, Yula E. The seroprevalence of antibodies against Toxoplasma gondii and Rubella virus among childbearing age women in Mardin province Mardin’de doğurganlık çağındaki kadınlarda toksoplazma ve rubella antikor seroprevalansı. JCEI. 2010;1(2):81-85.
There are 29 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Health Care Administration
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Ahmet Yılmaz 0000-0002-2350-1516

Mete Vural This is me 0000-0001-8996-5420

Çiğdem Eda Balkan Bozlak This is me 0000-0003-3922-7758

Mehmet Emin Özhan This is me 0000-0001-6266-2163

Erkan Özmen This is me 0000-0003-3073-3283

Publication Date March 1, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 25 Issue: 1

Cite

AMA Yılmaz A, Vural M, Balkan Bozlak ÇE, Özhan ME, Özmen E. Farklı Cinsiyet ve Yaş Gruplarında Toxoplasma Gondii Serolojisinin Araştırılması. Journal of Nursology. March 2022;25(1):50-53. doi:10.54614/JANHS.2022.975323

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