COVID-19 Pandemisi ve Kardiyovasküler Etkileri

Year 2020, Volume: 3 Issue: 3, 128 - 133, 31.12.2020

Özge Turgay Yıldırım Ayşegül Turgay Demet Laflı Tunay

Abstract

Koronavirüs hastalığı 2019 (COVID-19) öncelikle solunum sistemi tutulumuyla seyretse de kardiyovasküler tutulum mortalite ve morbiditeyi etkilemesi nedenli ön plana çıkmaktadır. Kardiyovasküler tutulum, miyokart hasarı, akut miyokardit, akut koroner sendrom, aritmi, kalp yetersizliği, venöz tromboembolizm şeklinde kendini gösterebilmektedir. Kardiyak tutulumu olan vakaların seyri diğer vakalara göre daha kötü olduğundan COVID-19 vakalarında bu tutulumu tespit etmek önemlidir. Bu derlemenin amacı COVID-19 ve kardiyovasküler etkilerini özetlemektir.

Keywords

COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, kardiyovasküler tutulum, miyokart hasarı, miyokardit, akut koroner sendrom, aritmi, kalp yetersizliği, venöz tromboembolizm

COVID-19 Pandemic and Cardiovascular Effects

Abstract

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is primarily associated with respiratory system involvement and cardiovascular involvement comes to the fore due to its effect on mortality and morbidity. Cardiovascular involvement can manifest as myocardial injury, acute myocarditis, acute coronary syndrome, arrhythmia, heart failure, venous thromboembolism. It is important to detect cardiovascular involvement in COVID-19 cases, since the course of these cases is worse than other cases without cardiac involvement. The purpose of this review is to summarize COVID-19 and its cardiovascular effects.

Keywords

COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, cardiovascular involvement, myocardial injury, myocarditis, acute coronary syndrome, arrhythmia, heart failure, venous thromboembolism

References

• 1. Huang C, Wang Y, Li X et al. Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. Lancet 2020;395:497-506.
• 2. World Health Organization. WHO Director-General's opening remarks at the media briefing on COVID-19 - 11 March 2020. Available Online: https://www.who.int/dg/speeches/detail/whodirector-general-s-opening-remarks-at-the-media-briefing-on-covid-19---11-march-2020 (Erişim tarihi: 7 Nisan 2020)
• 3. Bansal M. Cardiovascular disease and COVID-19. Diabetes Metab Syndr. 2020;14(3):247‐250. doi:10.1016/j.dsx.2020.03.013
• 4. Zaim S, Chong JH, Sankaranarayanan V, Harky A. COVID-19 and Multiorgan Response [published online ahead of print, 2020 Apr 28]. Curr Probl Cardiol. 2020;100618. doi:10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2020.100618
• 5. Li B, Yang J, Zhao F, et al. Prevalence and impact of cardiovascular metabolic diseases on COVID-19 in China. Clin Res Cardiol. 2020;109(5):531‐538. doi:10.1007/s00392-020-01626-9
• 6. Zheng YY, Ma YT, Zhang JY, Xie X. COVID-19 and the cardiovascular system. Nat Rev Cardiol. 2020;17(5):259‐260. doi:10.1038/s41569-020-0360-5
• 7. Zhou F, Yu T, Du R, et al. Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study [published correction appears in Lancet. 2020 Mar 28;395(10229):1038] [published correction appears in Lancet. 2020 Mar 28;395(10229):1038]. Lancet. 2020;395(10229):1054‐1062. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30566-3
• 8. Brack MC, Lienau J, Kuebler WM, Witzenrath M. Cardiovascular sequelae of pneumonia. Curr Opin Pulm Med. 2019;25(3):257‐62. doi:10.1097/MCP.0000000000000584
• 9. Alhogbani T. Acute myocarditis associated with novel Middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus. Ann Saudi Med. 2016;36(1):78‐80. doi:10.5144/0256-4947.2016.78
• 10. Driggin E, Madhavan MV, Bikdeli B, et al. Cardiovascular Considerations for Patients, Health Care Workers, and Health Systems During the COVID-19 Pandemic. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2020;75(18):2352‐2371. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2020.03.031
• 11. Wang D, Hu B, Hu C, et al. Clinical Characteristics of 138 Hospitalized Patients With 2019 Novel Coronavirus-Infected Pneumonia in Wuhan, China [published online ahead of print, 2020 Feb 7]. JAMA. 2020;323(11):1061‐1069. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.1585.
• 12. Wu Z, McGoogan JM. Characteristics of and Important Lessons From the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Outbreak in China: Summary of a Report of 72 314 Cases From the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention [published online ahead of print, 2020 Feb 24]. JAMA. 2020;10.1001/jama.2020.2648. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.2648
• 13. Ruan Q, Yang K, Wang W, Jiang L, Song J. Clinical predictors of mortality due to COVID-19 based on an analysis of data of 150 patients from Wuhan, China [published correction appears in Intensive Care Med. 2020 Apr 6;:]. Intensive Care Med. 2020;46(5):846‐848. doi:10.1007/s00134-020-05991-x
• 14. Long B, Brady WJ, Koyfman A, Gottlieb M. Cardiovascular complications in COVID-19 [published online ahead of print, 2020 Apr 18]. Am J Emerg Med. 2020;S0735-6757(20)30277-1. doi:10.1016/j.ajem.2020.04.048
• 15. Welt FGP, Shah PB, Aronow HD, et al. Catheterization Laboratory Considerations During the Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pandemic: From the ACC's Interventional Council and SCAI. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2020;75(18):2372‐2375. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2020.03.021
• 16. Shi S, Qin M, Shen B, et al. Association of Cardiac Injury With Mortality in Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19 in Wuhan, China [published online ahead of print, 2020 Mar 25]. JAMA Cardiol. 2020;e200950. doi:10.1001/jamacardio.2020.0950
• 17. Guo T, Fan Y, Chen M, et al. Cardiovascular Implications of Fatal Outcomes of Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) [published online ahead of print, 2020 Mar 27]. JAMA Cardiol. 2020;e201017. doi:10.1001/jamacardio.2020.1017
• 18. Kwong JC, Schwartz KL, Campitelli MA, et al. Acute Myocardial Infarction after Laboratory-Confirmed Influenza Infection. N Engl J Med. 2018;378(4):345‐353. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1702090
• 19. Corrales-Medina VF, Alvarez KN, Weissfeld LA, et al. Association between hospitalization for pneumonia and subsequent risk of cardiovascular disease. JAMA. 2015;313(3):264‐274. doi:10.1001/jama.2014.18229
• 20. Chen T, Wu D, Chen H, et al. Clinical characteristics of 113 deceased patients with coronavirus disease 2019: retrospective study [published correction appears in BMJ. 2020 Mar 31;368:m1295]. BMJ. 2020;368:m1091. Published 2020 Mar 26. doi:10.1136/bmj.m1091
• 21. Warren-Gash C, Hayward AC, Hemingway H, et al. Influenza infection and risk of acute myocardial infarction in England and Wales: a CALIBER self-controlled case series study. J Infect Dis. 2012;206(11):1652‐1659. doi:10.1093/infdis/jis597
• 22. The European Society for Cardiology. ESC Guidance for the Diagnosis and Management of CV Disease during the COVID-19 Pandemic. https://www.escardio.org/Education/COVID-19-and-Cardiology/ESC-COVID-19-Guidance. (Last update: 28 May 2020)
• 23. Aktoz M, Altay H, Aslanger E, et al. Türk Kardiyoloji Derneği Uzlaşı Raporu: COVID-19 Pandemisi ve Kardiyovasküler Hastalıklar Konusunda Bilinmesi Gerekenler (25 Mart 2020) [Consensus Report from Turkish Society of Cardiology: COVID-19 and Cardiovascular Diseases. What cardiologists should know. (25th March 2020)]. Turk Kardiyol Dern Ars. 2020;48(Suppl 1):1‐48. doi:10.5543/tkda.2020.97198
• 24. Liu K, Fang YY, Deng Y, et al. Clinical characteristics of novel coronavirus cases in tertiary hospitals in Hubei Province. Chin Med J (Engl). 2020;133(9):1025‐1031. doi:10.1097/CM9.0000000000000744
• 25. Danzi GB, Loffi M, Galeazzi G, Gherbesi E. Acute pulmonary embolism and COVID-19 pneumonia: a random association?. Eur Heart J. 2020;41(19):1858. doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa254
• 26. Tang N, Li D, Wang X, Sun Z. Abnormal coagulation parameters are associated with poor prognosis in patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia. J Thromb Haemost. 2020;18(4):844‐847. doi:10.1111/jth.14768
• 27. Han H, Yang L, Liu R, et al. Prominent changes in blood coagulation of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection [published online ahead of print, 2020 Mar 16]. Clin Chem Lab Med. 2020;/j/cclm.ahead-of-print/cclm-2020-0188/cclm-2020-0188.xml. doi:10.1515/cclm-2020-0188.
• 28. Tang N, Bai H, Chen X, Gong J, Li D, Sun Z. Anticoagulant treatment is associated with decreased mortality in severe coronavirus disease 2019 patients with coagulopathy. J Thromb Haemost. 2020;18(5):1094‐1099. doi:10.1111/jth.14817
• 29. de Wit E, van Doremalen N, Falzarano D, Munster VJ. SARS and MERS: recent insights into emerging coronaviruses. Nat Rev Microbiol. 2016;14(8):523‐534. doi:10.1038/nrmicro.2016.81)
• 30. Cameron MJ, Kelvin AA, Leon AJ, et al. Lack of innate interferon responses during SARS coronavirus infection in a vaccination and reinfection ferret model. PLoS One. 2012;7(9):e45842. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0045842
• 31. Wu Q, Zhou L, Sun X, et al. Altered Lipid Metabolism in Recovered SARS Patients Twelve Years after Infection. Sci Rep. 2017;7(1):9110. Published 2017 Aug 22. doi:10.1038/s41598-017-09536-z