The Relationship between Preoperative Pain Beliefs and Postoperative Pain Levels in Surgery Patients

Year 2024, Volume: 7 Issue: 4, 255 - 259, 31.12.2024

Şeyma Yurtseven

Abstract

ABSTRACT
Introduction: Pain beliefs, which are important in pain management, reveal how patients see pain.
Objective: This study was conducted to determine the relationship between preoperative pain beliefs and postoperative pain levels in patients undergoing elective surgery.
Material and Method: The population of this descriptive and cross-sectional study consisted of patients who were hospitalized in Çukurova University Balcalı hospital for at least 24 hours after surgery, underwent elective surgery, were older than 18 years old, were literate, had no communication barriers, and agreed to participate in the study. The sample of the study consisted of 115 patients who met the inclusion criteria. The data of the study were collected using the Personal Information Form, Visual Evaluation Scale (VAS) and Pain Beliefs Scale (API). The t-test was used for normally distributed data in independent groups, the Kruskal Wallis and Mann Whitney-U test for data that did not show normal distribution, and the Pearson correlation coefficient was calculated to determine the relationship between pain beliefs and the pain they experienced. In order to carry out the research; Ethics committee approval and necessary institutional permissions were obtained from the hospital where the research was conducted.
Results: The mean age of the patients was 53.37±15.08%, 53.9% male, 80.9% married, 53.9% primary school graduate, 57.4% ASA 1, 73% It was determined that .0 of them had previous surgical experience, 79.1% of them received general anesthesia and 58.3% of them did not experience more pain than they expected. The severity of pain experienced by the patients was found to be 3.27±2.04. The mean score of the patients in the organic beliefs sub-dimension of the scale was 2.43±0.60, and the mean score from the psychological beliefs sub-dimension was 2.39±0.63. It was determined that the mean score of the patients in the organic beliefs sub-dimension was affected by the surgical experience, and the mean score of the psychological beliefs sub-dimension was affected by the ASA scores. It was determined that there was a positive relationship between organic beliefs and psychological beliefs, and a negative relationship between psychological beliefs and postoperative pain severity (p<0.05).
Conclusion and Suggestions: It can be said that patients believe that pain is both psychological and organic, and that as the severity of pain decreases, their belief that pain is psychological increases. It may be suggested that the factors affecting the pain beliefs of the patients should be determined and counseling should be given to use effective coping methods.

Keywords

Keywords: Surgery, Pain, Pain beliefs.

The Relationship between Preoperative Pain Beliefs and Postoperative Pain Levels in Surgery Patients

Abstract

ÖZET
Giriş: Ağrı yönetiminde önemli olan ağrı inançları, hastaların ağrıyı nasıl gördüklerini ortaya koymaktadır.
Amaç: Bu araştırma, elektif cerrahi geçiren hastalarda preoperatif ağrı inançları ile postoperatif ağrı düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkinin belirlemenmesi amacı ile yapılmıştır.
Gereç Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel tipte olan bu araştırmanın evrenini, Çukurova üniversitesi Balcalı hastanesinde postoperatif en az 24 saat yatan, elektif cerrahi geçiren, 18 yaşından büyük, okur- yazar olan, iletişim engeli olmayan ve araştırmaya katılmayı kabul eden hastalar oluşturmuştur. Araştırmanın örneklemini ise araştırmaya alınma kriterlerine uyan 115 hasta oluşturmuştur. Araştırmanın verileri Kişisel Bilgi Formu, Görsel Değerlendirme Skalası (VAS) ve Ağrı İnançları Ölçeği (AİÖ) kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Normal dağılım gösteren veriler için bağımsız gruplarda t testi, normal dağılım göstermeyen verilerde Kruskal Wallis ve Mann Whitney-U testi, ağrı inançları ile yaşadıkları ağrı arasındaki ilişkiyi tespit etmek için ise pearson korelasyon katsayısı hesaplanmıştır. Araştırmanın yürütülebilmesi için; etik kurul onayı ve araştırmanın yapıldığı hastaneden gerekli kurum izinleri alınmıştır.
Bulgular: Hastaların yaş ortalamasının %53,37±15,08, %53,9’ünün erkek, %80,9’unun evli, %53,9’sının ilköğretim mezunu, %57,4’ünün ASA 1, %73,0’ünün daha önce geçirilmiş cerrahi deneyiminin olduğu, %79,1’inin genel anestezi aldığı ve %58,3’ünün beklediğinden fazla ağrı yaşamadığı saptanmıştır. Hastaların deneyimlediği ağrı şiddetinin 3,27±2,04 olduğu saptanmıştır. Hastaların ölçeğin organik inançlar alt boyutundan aldığı puan ortalaması 2,43±0,60, psikolojik inançlar alt boyutundan aldığı puan ortalaması 2,39±0,63 olarak saptanmıştır. Hastaların organik inançlar alt boyutundan aldığı puan ortalamasının cerrahi deneyimden, psikolojik inançlar alt boyutundan aldığı puan ortalamasının ise ASA skorlarından etkilendiği saptanmıştır. Organik inançlar ile psikolojik inançlar arasında pozitif yönde, psikolojik inançlar ile postoperatif ağrı şiddeti arasında ise negatif yönde bir ilişki olduğu saptanmıştır (p<0,05).
Sonuç ve Öneriler: Hastaların ağrının hem psikolojik hem de organik olduğuna inandıkları ayrıca ağrı şiddeti azaldıkça ağrının psikolojik olduğuna inançlarının arttığı söylenebilir. Hastaların ağrı inançlarını etkileyen faktörlerin belirlenmesi ve etkili başa çıkma yöntemlerini kullanmasına yönelik danışmanlık verilmesi önerilebilir.

Keywords

Cerrahi, Ağrı, Ağrı inançları

Ethical Statement

Araştırmanın yürütülebilmesi için Çukurova Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Girişimsel Olmayan Klinik Araştırmalar Etik Kurulu’ndan onay (Karar no:135/40 Tarih:14.07.2023) alındı.

Thanks

Çalışmaya katılan hastalara teşekkür ederiz

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