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The Role Of Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin (NGAL) In The Evaluation Of Renal Functions In Patients With Liver Cirrhosis

Year 2025, Volume: 8 Issue: 2, 198 - 202, 30.06.2025

Abstract

Aim: Early diagnosis of renal dysfunction has clinical and prognostic importance for liver cirrhosis.The disadvantages are that creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) are dependent on age and muscle mass in demonstrating renal dysfunction. There is a need for parameters that can detect renal dysfunction early in cirrhotic patients. Our aim was to investigate the sensitivity, specificity and predictive value of serum Neutrophil Gelatinase Associated Lipocalin (NGAL), serum creatinine and BUN levels against glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in the evaluation of renal function in Child A and Child B liver cirrhosis patients.
Methods: This study was conducted in a total of 84 patients with Child A or Child B liver cirrhosis who were admitted to the gastroenterology clinic between 2009 and 2010. The study was based on retrospective review of the patients' files. Clinical and laboratory parameters were recorded.
Results: We found that serum NGAL 45.8%, creatinine 88.5% and BUN 84.2% positive predictive value in defining GFR for all patients in Child A and B stages. In our study, we concluded that a NGAL value of 114.17 ng/ml and above has 68.75% sensitivity and 50% specificity in indicating glomerular filtration rate. The diagnostic utility was 47.4% and it was not found significant (p= 0.053).
Conclusions: It has been shown that serum creatinine values are more sensitive and specific than BUN and a new marker, NGAL, in terms of predicting the changes that may occur in the GFR of patients in Child A and B stages.

References

  • Wanless IR. Pathogenesis of cirrhosis. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2004;19:369-71.
  • Caregaro L, Menon F, Angeli P. Limitation of serum creatinine level and creatinine clearance as filtration markers in cirrhosis. Arch Intern Med. 1994;154(2):201-5.
  • Ginès P, Sort P. Pathophysiology of renal dysfunction in cirrhosis. Digestion. 1998;59(1):11-5.
  • Arroyo V, Jiménez W. Complications of cirrhosis: renal and circulatory dysfunction—lights and shadows in an important clinical problem. J Hepatol. 2000;32(1 Suppl):157-70.
  • Braillon A, Calès P, Valla D, et al. Influence of the degree of liver failure on systemic and splanchnic hemodynamics and on response to propranolol in patients with cirrhosis. Gut. 1986;27(10):1204-9.
  • Bernardi M, Di Marco C, Trevisani F, et al. The hemodynamic status of preascitic cirrhosis: an evaluation under steady-state conditions and after postural change. Hepatology. 1992;16(2):341-6.
  • Ginès P, Guevara M, Arroyo V, Rodés J. Hepatorenal syndrome. Lancet. 2003;362(9398):1819-27.
  • Ginès A, Escorsell A, Ginès P, et al. Incidence, predictive factors, and prognosis of the hepatorenal syndrome. Gastroenterology. 1993;105(1):229-36.
  • Davenport A. Clinical investigation of renal disease. In: David WA, Timothy MC, John DF, Edward BJ, editors. Oxford textbook of medicine. 4th ed. New York: Oxford University Press; 2003. p. 238-9.
  • Goetz DH, Holmes MA, Borregaard N, Bluhm ME, Raymond KN, Strong RK. The neutrophil lipocalin NGAL is a bacteriostatic agent that interferes with siderophore-mediated iron acquisition. Mol Cell. 2002;10(5):1033-43.
  • Mori K, Nakao K. Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin as the real-time indicator of active kidney damage. Kidney Int. 2007;71(10):967-70.
  • Platt JF, Ellis JH, Rubin JM, et al. Renal duplex Doppler ultrasonography: a noninvasive predictor of kidney dysfunction and hepatorenal failure in liver disease. Hepatology. 1994;20(2):362-9. Chakraborty S, Kaur S, Tong Z, Batra SK, Guha S. Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin: structure, function and role in human pathogenesis. In: Veas T, editor. Acute phase proteins—regulation and functions. 1st ed. [place unknown]: [publisher unknown]; 2011. p. 347-60. Mitsnefes MM, Kathman TS, Mishra J, Kartal K, Khoury PR, Nickolas TL, et al. Serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin as a marker of renal function in children with chronic kidney disease. Pediatr Nephrol. 2008;23(7):1189-90. Yıldırım M. Diyabetik hastaların böbrek fonksiyonlarının neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin ile değerlendirilmesi [uzmanlık tezi]. İstanbul: Gülhane Askeri Tıp Akademisi Haydarpaşa Eğitim Hastanesi; 2011.

Karaciğer Sirozlu Hastalarda Böbrek Fonskiyonlarini Değerlendirmede Nötrofil Gelatinase-Associated Lipokalin ( Ngal)’İn Rolü

Year 2025, Volume: 8 Issue: 2, 198 - 202, 30.06.2025

Abstract

ÖZET
GİRİŞ: Renal fonksiyon bozukluğunun erken teşhisi karaciğer sirozu için klinik ve prognostik öneme sahiptir. Renal fonksiyon bozukluğunu göstermede kreatinin ve kan üre azotunun (BUN) yaş ve kas kitlesine bağımlı olması dezavantajlarıdır. Siroz hastalarında renal fonksiyon bozukluğunu erken dönemde tespit edebilecek, yukarıda bahsedilen faktörlerden etkilenmeyecek bir parametreye ihtiyaç vardır.
GEREÇ YÖNTEM: Çalışmadaki amacımız Child A ve Child B karaciğer sirozlu hastalarımızın renal fonksiyonlarını glomerüler filtrasyon hızı(GFR) karşısında değerlendirirken serum Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin (NGAL) serum kreatinin ve BUN düzeylerinin duyarlık, özgüllük ve filtrasyon hızı için öngördürücü değerini araştırmaktı.
SONUÇ: Çalışmamızın sonucunda Child A ve B evresindeki tüm hastalar için GFR tanımlamada serum NGAL in %45,8 kreatininin %88.5 ve BUN nin %84.2 pozitif prediktif değere sahip olduğunu gördük. Çalışmamızda NGAL değerinin 114,17 ng/ml ve üstünde olmasının glomerül filtrasyon hızını göstermede %68,75 duyarlık ve %50 özgüllüğe sahip olduğu sonucuna vardık. Tanıya yönelik yararlılık %47,4 olup, anlamlı bulunmadı.( p= 0,053).
TARTIŞMA: Child A ve B evresindeki hastaların GFR lerinde oluşabilecek değişiklikleri öngörmesi açısından serum kreatinin değerlerinin BUN ve yeni bir belirteç olan NGAL den daha duyarlı ve özgül olduğunu göstermiştir.

Anahtar kelimeler: Karaciğer sirozu, renal fonksiyonlar, NGAL

References

  • Wanless IR. Pathogenesis of cirrhosis. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2004;19:369-71.
  • Caregaro L, Menon F, Angeli P. Limitation of serum creatinine level and creatinine clearance as filtration markers in cirrhosis. Arch Intern Med. 1994;154(2):201-5.
  • Ginès P, Sort P. Pathophysiology of renal dysfunction in cirrhosis. Digestion. 1998;59(1):11-5.
  • Arroyo V, Jiménez W. Complications of cirrhosis: renal and circulatory dysfunction—lights and shadows in an important clinical problem. J Hepatol. 2000;32(1 Suppl):157-70.
  • Braillon A, Calès P, Valla D, et al. Influence of the degree of liver failure on systemic and splanchnic hemodynamics and on response to propranolol in patients with cirrhosis. Gut. 1986;27(10):1204-9.
  • Bernardi M, Di Marco C, Trevisani F, et al. The hemodynamic status of preascitic cirrhosis: an evaluation under steady-state conditions and after postural change. Hepatology. 1992;16(2):341-6.
  • Ginès P, Guevara M, Arroyo V, Rodés J. Hepatorenal syndrome. Lancet. 2003;362(9398):1819-27.
  • Ginès A, Escorsell A, Ginès P, et al. Incidence, predictive factors, and prognosis of the hepatorenal syndrome. Gastroenterology. 1993;105(1):229-36.
  • Davenport A. Clinical investigation of renal disease. In: David WA, Timothy MC, John DF, Edward BJ, editors. Oxford textbook of medicine. 4th ed. New York: Oxford University Press; 2003. p. 238-9.
  • Goetz DH, Holmes MA, Borregaard N, Bluhm ME, Raymond KN, Strong RK. The neutrophil lipocalin NGAL is a bacteriostatic agent that interferes with siderophore-mediated iron acquisition. Mol Cell. 2002;10(5):1033-43.
  • Mori K, Nakao K. Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin as the real-time indicator of active kidney damage. Kidney Int. 2007;71(10):967-70.
  • Platt JF, Ellis JH, Rubin JM, et al. Renal duplex Doppler ultrasonography: a noninvasive predictor of kidney dysfunction and hepatorenal failure in liver disease. Hepatology. 1994;20(2):362-9. Chakraborty S, Kaur S, Tong Z, Batra SK, Guha S. Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin: structure, function and role in human pathogenesis. In: Veas T, editor. Acute phase proteins—regulation and functions. 1st ed. [place unknown]: [publisher unknown]; 2011. p. 347-60. Mitsnefes MM, Kathman TS, Mishra J, Kartal K, Khoury PR, Nickolas TL, et al. Serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin as a marker of renal function in children with chronic kidney disease. Pediatr Nephrol. 2008;23(7):1189-90. Yıldırım M. Diyabetik hastaların böbrek fonksiyonlarının neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin ile değerlendirilmesi [uzmanlık tezi]. İstanbul: Gülhane Askeri Tıp Akademisi Haydarpaşa Eğitim Hastanesi; 2011.
There are 12 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Gastroenterology and Hepatology
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Emrah Koç 0000-0002-7889-3051

Mesut Aydın 0000-0002-7411-1067

Mete Pekdiker 0000-0003-3089-1564

Sezin Turan 0000-0001-5885-2036

Dilek Ersil Soysal 0000-0003-0515-4300

Publication Date June 30, 2025
Submission Date May 17, 2025
Acceptance Date June 27, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 8 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Koç, E., Aydın, M., Pekdiker, M., Turan, S., et al. (2025). The Role Of Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin (NGAL) In The Evaluation Of Renal Functions In Patients With Liver Cirrhosis. Journal of Cukurova Anesthesia and Surgical Sciences, 8(2), 198-202. https://doi.org/10.36516/jocass.1700542

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