EFFECT OF METALS ON THE REFLECTION COEFFICIENT FOR NON-INVASIVE GLUCOSE SENSING IN THE MILLIMETER WAVEBAND

Abstract

Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic disease that affects more than 400 million people worldwide. There is still no cure for this disease today. Therefore, to minimize the side effects of the disease and to prevent hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia, it is important to determine and monitor the glucose level in blood. Invasive, minimal invasive and non-invasive methods are used to determine the glucose level in the blood. However, invasive and minimal invasive methods bring infectious and psychological risks and they are not cost-effective solutions. Besides, invasive methods cannot provide continuous monitoring of the blood glucose level and the risks for hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia during sleep cannot reduced. This situation has led researchers to determine the glucose level in the blood with a non-invasive method. In the search for a non-invasive methods, microwave and millimeter wave portion of the electromagnetic spectrum have noteworthy potential since the radiation in this band offer lower energy per photon and less scattering, meaning it can penetrate deeper into tissue to reach areas of adequate blood concentration and provide more accurate glucose monitoring. Complex permeability of blood for millimeter waveband is very sensitive to glucose concentration. In this study, materials such as brass, steel, aluminum and copper were used to re-reflect the signals applied to the glucose solution through the WR-28 adapter. It has been shown that with better reflection coefficient, glucose level can be distinguished more clearly and steel displays better reflection performance compared to other materials.

Keywords

• Millimeter wave
• Reflection coefficient
• Non-invasive glucose detection
• Glucose detection
• Diabetes

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