An Intelligent Method to Adapt the Distance Relay in Power System Fault Detection with Electric Vehicles Presence

Abstract

In this research paper, the effect of electric vehicles integration on performance of distance relay in the distribution system was studied. The number of electric vehicles integrated into the distribution system has been increased, and its effect on distance protection has been demonstrated using the MATLAB / Simulink software. The results showed that integrating these vehicles led to poor performance, due to the occurrence of over-reach in distance protection and the difficulty of fault location. To obtain distance protection that could be adapted to the condition of the system, smart adaptive distance protection was proposed based on artificial intelligence. Artificial neural networks were used to detect the faults and to issue a trip signal with an accuracy of 99.9%. Meanwhile, fuzzy logic was used to locate the fault with an error rate of 0.00036 when 30 electric vehicles were added. Thus, smart distance protection was obtained that was able to adapt its characteristics to the number of added vehicles and to detect and locate a fault with high accuracy.

Keywords

• Electric Vehicles
• ANN
• Distance relay
• Smart System
• Power System
• Faults Detection