Integration of Remote Sensing, GIS, and AHP for Groundwater Potential Evaluation in İzmit, Türkiye

Year 2025, Volume: 04, 9 - 18

Abdirahman Mohamud , Ahmet Karakaş , Tekin Yeken , Şerafeddin Çakır

https://doi.org/10.54709/joebs.1774130

Abstract

Groundwater potential in Izmit, Türkiye, is systematically assessed in this study through a GIS and Remote Sens-ing-based framework integrated with the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to evaluate seven key factors influencing groundwater distribution: geology, lineament density, slope, drainage density, land use/cover, soil classification, and rainfall distribution. The analysis delineated three distinct groundwater potential zones. High potential areas (74 km², 16%) concentrated in alluvial units with permeable lithologies, dense lineaments (>1.5 km/km²), and gentle slopes (<5°); moderate potential zones (311 km², 66%) showing intermediate characteristics; and low potential areas (88 km², 18%) with restrictive features like steep slopes and impermeable geology such as the Aydos Formation and Tertiary Volcanics. The model demonstrates strong predictive capability (AUC = 0.756), identifying geology and lineaments as dominant controls. These results provide water managers and decision makers a scientifically validated tool for zone-specific groundwater strategies, from sustainable extraction in high-potential areas to managed recharge in mod-erate zones and conservation measures in low-potential regions. High potential areas are mainly located in the south and parts of the north.

Keywords

Drainage Density , Geology , Groundwater Potential , Land use Land cover , lineament density , Remote sensıng.

Ethical Statement

This study was conducted in accordance with ethical research standards. No human participants, animals, or sensitive data were involved, and therefore ethical approval was not required.

Supporting Institution

This research did not receive any specific grant or financial support from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.

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