Çevre İle İlgili Teknolojilerin Çevresel Kuznets Eğrisi Hipotezi Kapsamında Test Edilmesi : G-20 Ülkeleri

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, 1990-2017 yılları arasında G-20 ülkelerinde Çevresel Kuznet Eğrisi (ÇKE) hipotezinin olası varlığı ile yenilenebilir enerji tüketimi, yenilenemeyen enerji tüketimi, küreselleşme ve çevresel teknolojilerin çevresel kirliliği temsilen alınan CO2 emisyonuna etkilerinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Sonuçlara göre incelenen dönem için G-20 ülkelerinde ÇKE hipotezi geçerlidir. Yenilenebilir enerji tüketimi ve çevresel teknolojiler CO2 emisyonunu azaltırken, yenilenemeyen enerji tüketimi emisyonu arttırmaktadır. Küreselleşme sonuçları ise anlamsız olarak bulunmuştur. Son olarak Emirmahmutoğlu-Köse nedensellik testi ile değişkenler arasındaki nedensellik ilişkisi incelenmiştir. Nedensellik test sonucuna göre, CO2 emisyonu ile çevresel teknolojik patent sayısı ve yenilenemeyen enerji tüketimi arasında çift yönlü nedensellik ilişkisi bulunmuştur. CO2 emisyonundan yenilenebilir enerji tüketimine doğru ise tek yönlü nedensellik ilişkisi olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.

Keywords

• Çevresel Kuznet Eğrisi Hipotezi
• Çevreyle ilgili Teknolojiler
• G-20 ülkeleri

Testing Environmental Technologies within the Scope of the Environmental Kuznets Curve Hypothesis: G-20 Countries

Abstract

This study aims to examine the possible existence of the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis in G-20 countries between 1990 and 2017, as well as the effects of renewable energy consumption, non-renewable energy consumption, globalization, and environmental technologies on CO₂ emissions, which represent environmental pollution. According to the results, the EKC hypothesis is valid for G-20 countries during the examined period. While renewable energy consumption and environmental technologies reduce CO₂ emissions, non-renewable energy consumption increases emissions. The results for globalization were found to be insignificant. Finally, the Emirmahmutoğlu-Köse causality test was conducted to examine the causal relationships among the variables. The causality test results indicate a bidirectional causal relationship between CO₂ emissions and both the number of environmental technology patents and non-renewable energy consumption. Additionally, a unidirectional causal relationship was found from CO₂ emissions to renewable energy consumption.

Keywords

• Environment Kuznets Curve Hypothesis
• Environmental Technologies
• G-20 countries

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