School Occupational Health and Safety Performance Scale: Validity and Reliability Study for Scale Development

Year 2024, Volume: 7 Issue: 1, 104 - 123, 29.05.2024

Serkan Bilgiç , Tufan Aytaç

https://doi.org/10.53048/johass.1473563

Abstract

The aim of this study is to develope a scale to evaluate the performance of occupational health and safety practices in schools. The form created for this purpose was presented to experts and the content validity rates of the items were determined in line with the feedback received. The items with a content validity ratio below .80 were excluded from the study. The 49-item trial form was applied via e-mail to 990 teachers working at primary, secondary, and high school levels in public and private schools in İstanbul, affiliated with the Ministry of National Education, and the data obtained were analyzed. With exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), a two-dimensional structure consisting of 40 items in total revealed "Occupational Health and Safety Training Practices Applied in Schools" and "Occupational Health and Safety Practices Applied in Schools, Managerial Precautions and Precautions". It was determined that the goodness of-fit indices of the model were quite high. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) also confirmed the EFA results. The obtained correlation coefficients were examined. Item-total score correlation coefficients were between r = .878 and r = .650, and a significant relationship was observed at the p < .01 level. The internal consistency coefficient obtained for the entire scale was .92. There was a significant (p< 0.05) difference between the items and the total score between the 27% lower and 27% upper groups. It was determined that this difference was in favor of the upper 27% group. There was high reliability in the items on the scale, and the items were distinguishable on the basis of the characteristics the scorers of the scale were looking for.

Keywords

Performance, Occupational health and safety, school occupational health and safety, school administrator, teacher

References

• Akaydın, Ş., & Kurnaz, H. (2015). Lise öğrencilerine yönelik yazma tutum ölçeği: geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması [The wrıtıng attıtude scale for hıgh school students: A study of valıdıty and relıabılıty]. Mustafa Kemal University Journal of Graduate School of Social Sciences, 12(32), 246-261. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/mkusbed/issue/19578/208761
• Avcı, S. (2017). Eğitimde öğretmenler için yeni bir kalıpyargılar ölçeği’nin geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması [A validity and reliability study for a new scale of teachers’ stereotypes in educational context]. Journal of Higher Education and Science, 7(3), 617-626. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/1711788
• Ayre, C. & Scally A. J. (2014). Critical values for lawshe’s content validity ratio: Revisiting the original methods of calculation. Measurement and Evaluation in Counseling and Development, 47 (1), 79-86. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/1711788
• Bahat, İ. (2020). Türkiye Yükseköğretiminde Nitelik Sorunsalı Konusunda Devlet Üniversiteleri Öğretim Elemanı ve Öğrenci Görüşleri [Academician and student's views on quality problematic in Turkish higher education]. (Publication No. 609308) [Doctoral dissertation, Ankara University]. National Thesis Center. https://tez.yok.gov.tr/UlusalTezMerkezi/tezDetay.jsp?id=Sq2M8aPQ50VC-ElIsbU6Jg&no=XHd3aU859sz6U_IfdHBE6Q
• Boileau, P. E. (2016). Sustainability and Prevention İn Occupational Health And Safety. Industrial Health, 54, 293–295. https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/indhealth/54/4/54_54-293/_pdf
• Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2012). Sosyal Bilimler için Veri Analizi El Kitabı [Manual of data analysis for social sciences]. Ankara: Pegem Academy Publication.
• Cengiz, Ö. (2020). İSG Performansının Ölçümü [Measurement of OHS Performance]. Ege Consulting, https://egeconsulting.com/blog/f/i%CC%87sg-performans%C4%B1n%C4%B1n-%C3%B6l%C3%A7%C3%BCm%C3%BC---tr-ozgur-cengiz
• Çapık, C. (2014). Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışmalarında Doğrulayıcı Faktör Analizinin Kullanımı [Use of confirmatory factor analysis in validity and reliability studies]. Journal of Nursology, 17(3), 196-205. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/29691
• Çay, E. (2019). Özel eğitim okulu yöneticilerinin iş sağlığı ve güvenliğine yönelik görüşleri [Opinions of managers workıng ın specıal educatıon school about occupatıonal health and safety]. Education Sciences, 14(1), 1-16. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/639398
• Çeçen, A. R. (2006). Duyguları Yönetme Becerileri Ölçeğinin Geliştirilmesi: Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışmaları [Development of the Emotion Management Skills Scale: Validity and Reliability Studies]. Turkısh Psychologıcal Counselıng and Guıdance Journal, 3(26), 101-113. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/200038
• Çokluk, Ö., Şekercioğlu, G. & Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2012). Sosyal bilimler için çok değişkenlik istatistik spss ve lisrel uygulamaları [SPSS and Lisrel Applications of Multivariability Statistics for Social Sciences]. Pegem Academy Publication.
• De Winter, J. C. F, Dodou, D.,& P. A. Wieringa (2009). Exploratory factor analysis with small sample sizes. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 44, 147-18. https://doi.org/10.1080/00273170902794206
• Ediz, A. Yıldızbaşı & A. Baytemur, E. (2017). İş Sağlığı ve Güvenliği Yönetim Sistemi Performans Göstergelerinin AHP İle Değerlendirilmesi [Assessment Of Occupatıonal Health and Safety Management System Performance Indıcators Wıth Ahp]. The Journal of Academic Social Science Studies. (62), 275-294. https://jasstudies.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=28452
• Güngör, D. (2016). Psikolojide Ölçme Araçlarının Geliştirilmesi ve Uyarlanması Kılavuzu [Guide to the Development and Adaptation of Measurement Tools in Psychology]. Türk Psikoloji Yazıları, 19 (38), 104-112. https://www.tpd.com.tr/tr/yayinlar/dergiler/1031828/tpy1301996120160000m000041.pdf
• Koç, Y. (2017). Sosyal Bilimlerde Örnekleme Kuramı [Samplıng Theory In Socıal Scıences]. Academic Journal of Social Studies, 5 (47), 480-495. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Yagmur-Koc-B/publication/317485692_SOSYAL_BILIMLERDE_ORNEKLEME_KURAMI/links/59bbc982a6fdcca8e5620b65/SOSYAL-BILIMLERDE-OeRNEKLEME-KURAMI.pdf
• Law on Occupational Health and Safety (2012, 30 June). Official Gazette of the Republic of Türkiye. (Issue: 28339). Access address: https://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2012/06/20120630-1.htm
• Ministry of National Education Statistics (2020). 2020-2021 National Education Statistics (Publication No. 1300-0993). Retrieved from http://sgb.meb.gov.tr/meb_iys_dosyalar/2021_09/10141326_meb_istatistikleri_orgun_egitim_2020_2021.pdf.
• National Occupational Health and Safety Commission (1999). OHS performance measurement in the construction industry Commonwealth of Australia, Canberra. Access address: https://www.safeworkaustralia.gov.au/system/files/documents/1702/ohsperformancemeasurement_construction_ppis_1996_archivepdf.pdf (Erişim Tarihi: 24.06.2021).
• Olgun, G. & Alatlı, B. (2021). Türkiye’de Ergenlere Yönelik Ölçek Geliştirme ve Uyarlama Çalışmalarının İncelenmesi [The Review of Scale Development and Adaptation Studies Published for Adolescents in Turkey]. TEBD, 19(1), 568-592. https://doi.org/10.37217/tebd.849954
• Pallant, J. (2005). Spss Survival Manual: A Step By Step Guide To Data Analysis Using The Spss Program. Crows Nest NSW: Allen & Unwin. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003117452
• Seçer, İ. (2013). SPSS ve Lisrel İle Pratik Veri Analizi: Analiz ve Raporlaştırma [Practical Data Analysis with SPSS and Lisrel: Analysis and Reporting]. Anı Pub.
• Serin, G & Çuhadar, T. (2015). İş Güvenliği ve Sağlığı Yönetim Sistemi [Occupational Healt and Safety Management Systems]. SDU Journal of Technical Sciences, 5(2), 44-59. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/tbed/issue/20936/225079
• Stephens, R.D.(1998). Safe School Planning. In D.S. Elliott, B. Hamburg, & K.R. Williams (Editors), Violence In American Schools: A New Perspective. p.253-289. https://psycnet.apa.org/record/1998-06705-008
• Yaşlıoğlu, M. M. (2017). Sosyal Bilimlerde Faktör Analizi ve Geçerlilik: Keşfedici ve Doğrulayıcı Faktör Analizlerinin Kullanılması [Factor Analysis and Validity in Social Sciences: Application of Exploratory and Confirmatory Factor Analyses]. Istanbul University Journal of the School of Business, 42(2017), 74-85. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/369427
• Yıldırım, A. & Şimşek, H. (2008). Sosyal Bilimlerde Nitel Araştırma Yöntemleri [Qualitative research methods in the social sciences]. Seçkin Pub.