Karboksidotrofik Mikroorganizmaların Karbonmonoksit Dehidrojenazları

Abstract

Endüstriyel gazlar içerisinde salınan ve kömür gibi yakıtların yanmasıyla açığa çıkan karbonmonoksitin (CO), ilerleyen sanayi ile birlikte çevre kirleticisi olarak doğada konsantrasyonu artmakta ve insanoğlunun sağlığını tehdit etmektedir. Bununla birlikte, yaşamın doğal dengesi içerisinde karboksidotrofik mikroorganizmalar, sahip oldukları karbonmonoksit dehidrogenaz (CODH) enzimleri ile, CO’i karbon ve enerji kaynağı olarak kullanmaktadırlar. Gerek aerobik gerekse anaerobik koşullarda yaşam formları gösteren bu mikroorganizmalar, çok farklı kofaktörlere sahip çeşitli CODH enzimleri ile yüksek ölçüde toksik CO’inkarbondioksite (CO2)dönüşümünü katalizlerler.Böylece, enerji zengini bileşiklerin oluşturulmasında ve küresel karbon döngüsünde karbonun çevreye katılmasıyla önemli potansiyel etkiye sahiptirler. Enzimkatalizlediği reaksiyon nedeniyle biyoteknoloji için büyük bir potansiyel sunmaktadır. CO dehidrojenazın kullanılacağı tasarımlar ile, biyosensörlerde CO tabanlı problarveya yakıt hücreleri üretilebilir. Bu derlemede endüstriyel olarak oldukça öneme sahip olan CO dehidrojenazlar hakkında bilgi sunulması amaçlanmıştır.

Keywords

• Karboksidotrofik mikroorganizmalar
• Karbon monoksit dehidrojenaz
• Morella thermoacetica

Carbon Monoxide DehydrogenasesfromCarboxidotrophic Microorganisms

Abstract

Carbon monoxide (CO), released in industrial gases and released by the burning of fuels such as coal, increases its concentration in nature as an environmental pollutant with the advancing industry and threatens human health. However, in the natural balance of life, carboxidotrophic microorganisms use CO as a carbon and energy source with their carbon monoxide dehydrogenase (CODH) enzymes. These microorganisms, which show life forms in both aerobic and anaerobic conditions, catalyze the conversion of highlytoxic CO to CO2(carbon dioxide) with various CODH enzymes with very different cofactors. Thus, they have significant potential impact in the creation of energy-rich compounds and the incorporation of carbon into the environment in the global carbon cycle. It offers great potential for biotechnology due to the enzyme catalyzed reaction. With designs using CO dehydrogenase, CO-based probes or fuel cells can be produced in biosensors. In this review, it is aimed to present information about the industrially important CO dehydrogenases.

Keywords

• Carboxidotrophic microorganims
• Carbon monoxide dehydrogenase
• Morella thermoacetica

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