The Importance of Symbiotic Fungi for Cerambycid Species

Year 2024, , 79 - 86, 31.12.2024

Furkan Doğan , İsmail Oğuz Özdemir , Salih Karabörklü

https://doi.org/10.58728/joinabt.1489523

Abstract

In their natural habitats, insects coexist with various microorganisms that benefit them by enriching their nutrients, facilitating digestion, protecting them from natural enemies, contributing to inter-insect communication, enhancing the effectiveness of pathogen vectors’, and regulating their reproductive systems. The symbiotic relationship between microorganisms and insects encompasses a wide range of interactions, from obligate mutualism, where both parties are dependent on each other, to antagonism, where they reduce each other's effects or cause harm. Longhorn beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), which are the focus of this discussion, have adapted to spend a significant part of their lives in woody tissues containing hard-to-digest components. This adaptation occurs through the production of cellulolytic enzymes and the establishment of symbiotic relationships with various microorganisms. Symbiotic fungi can enzymatically convert complex components in woody tissues into beneficial forms for the beetles and also play functional roles such as nitrogen and vitamin acquisition and detoxification of plant secondary metabolites. The relationships between insects and symbiotic fungi are critical for understanding their feeding and survival strategies. Considering that many cerambycid species are on quarantine lists today, understanding these relationships and targeting this interaction network is crucial for developing effective pest control methods. Therefore, increasing research on the relationships between symbiotic fungi and cerambycid species is of great importance. This paper reviews the relationships between cerambycid species and symbiotic fungi and the resulting effects of these interactions.

Keywords

Cerambycidae, Fungi, Symbiotic relationship, Longhorn beetle

Simbiyotik Fungusların Cerambycid Türler için Önemi

Abstract

Böcekler, doğada çeşitli mikroorganizmalarla birlikte yaşamakta ve bu mikroorganizmalar böceklere, besinleri zengin hale getirmeleri, sindirimi kolaylaştırmaları, doğal düşmanlardan korumaları, böcekler arası iletişime katkıda bulunmaları, hastalık vektörlerinin etkinliklerini arttırmaları ve üreme sistemlerini düzenlemeleri gibi birçok açıdan yarar sağlamaktadır. Mikroorganizmalarla böceklerin simbiyotik ilişkisi, her iki tarafın birbirine bağımlı yaşadığı obligat mutualizmden, birbirlerinin etkisini azalttıkları veya zarar verdikleri antagonizme kadar geniş bir yelpazede etkileşimler içerisindedir. Bu kapsamda ele alınan uzun antenli böcekler (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) ise, sindirilmesi zor bileşenler içeren odun dokusunda ömürlerinin büyük bir kısmını geçirebilecek şekilde adapte olmuştur. Bu adaptasyon, ürettiği veya bünyesine aldığı selülotik enzimler ve çeşitli mikroorganizmalarla kurduğu simbiyotik ilişkiler sayesinde meydana gelmektedir. Simbiyotik funguslar, odun dokusundaki karmaşık bileşenleri enzimatik aktivite yoluyla böceklere yararlı hale getirebilmekte ayrıca azot ve vitamin alımı, bitki sekonder metabolitlerinin detoksifikasyonu gibi çeşitli işlevsel rolleri de üstlenebilmektedir. Böceklerin simbiyotik funguslarla olan ilişkileri, onların beslenme ve hayatta kalma stratejilerini anlamak için kritik öneme sahiptir. Günümüzde birçok cerambycid türünün karantina listelerine tabi olduğu düşünüldüğünde, zararlılara karşı etkili mücadele yöntemlerinin geliştirilmesinde bu ilişkilerin anlaşılması ve bu ilişki ağının hedef alınması önemli bir katkı sağlayacaktır. Dolayısıyla, simbiyotik fungusların cerambycid türleri ile ilişkileri üzerine yapılan araştırmaların arttırılması büyük önem taşımaktadır. Bu derlemede, cerambycid türleri ile simbiyotik funguslar arasındaki ilişkileri ve bu ilişkiler sonucunda meydana gelen etkiler ele alınmıştır.

Keywords

Cerambycidae, Fungi, Simbiyotik ilişki, Uzun antenli böcek

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