The effects of personality traits, organizational identification and trust in the manager at hotel organizations

Year 2022, Volume: 7 Issue: 1, 41 - 53, 30.07.2022

Ali İnanır

https://doi.org/10.31822/jomat.2022-7-1-41

Cited By: 2

Abstract

The aim of the research is to determine the effects of personality traits, organizational identification and trust in the manager at hotel organizations. This study has been carried out in January-June 2019 with employees in five-star hotels located in Antalya, one of the most common holiday destinations in Turkey. In this study, a quantitative research has been conducted and survey technique has been used. 375 questionnaires were analyzed. Research analyses have been performed with the help of SPSS package program and AMOS package program. Frequency analysis, factor analysis and structural equation modelling have been utilized on the study. As a result, openness to experience, conscientiousness and extraversion personality traits have a significant effect on organizational identification and openness to experience, conscientiousness and agreeableness have a significant effect on trust in the managers. In this context, it has been determined that the openness to experience and conscientiousness have a significant effect on organizational identification and trust in the managers. As well as organizational identification has a significant effect on trust in the manager. This research serves as a guide for hotel managers about employees. In this context, the fact that hotel managers prefer employees who are openness to experience and conscientiousness personality traits can benefit their organizations in the long term.

---

Keywords

Hotel Organizations, Personality Traits, Organizational Identification, Trust in the Manager, Antalya.

References

• Aghaz, A., & Hashemi, A. (2014). Investigating the impact of personality traits on expanded model of organizational identification. International Journal of Business and Management, 9(3), 148-156.
• Akgündüz, Y., Güzel, T., & Harman, S. (2016). How the manager trust and distributive justice can affect the employees’ job embeddedness.Ege Academic Review, 16(2), 351-362.
• Allik, J., & McCrae, R. R. (2002). A five-factor theory perspective, In: McCrae. R. R. & Allik. J. (Ed.). The Five Factor Model of Personality Across Cultures (pp. 303-322), New York: Kluwer Academic Plenum.
• Ashforth, B. E., & Mael, F. (1989). Social identity theory and the organizations, Academy of Management Review, 14, 20-39.
• Atak, H. (2013). The Turkish adaptation of the ten-item personality inventory.Archives of Neuropsychiatry, 50, 312-319.
• Bacanlı, H., İlhan, T., & Aslan, S. (2009). Development of a Personality Scale Based on Five Factor Theory: Adjective Based Personality Test (SDKT). Turkish Journal of Educational Sciences, 261-279.
• Barrick, M. R., & Mount, M. K. (1991). The big five personality dimensions job performance: A meta-analysis. Personnel Psychology, 44, 1-26.
• Barrick, M. R., Mount, M. K., & Judge, T. A. (2001). Personality and performance at the beginning of the new millennium: what do we know and where do we go next? International Journal of Selection and Assessment, 9, 9-30.
• Başar, U. (2010). Effects of personality traits of organizational employees on organizational identification levels: An application in the public sector. 8th International Information, Economy and Management Congress, Proceedings Book. 28-31 October 2010, 1659-1669.
• Biçkes, D. M., & Yılmaz, C. (2017). The effect of employees’ organizational trust perception on their identification: an empirical study. KSU Journal of Social Sciences,14(1), 301-322.
• Bilgin, Y. (2011). A field research on personality traits and thoughts on profession of students’ undergraduate education in tourism, Unpublish master’s thesis, Düzce University)
• Blau, P. M. (1964). Exchange and power in social life. New York: Wiley Inc.
• Bryne, M. B. (2010). Structural equation modeling with AMOS . New Jersey, USA: Lawrence Erbaum Associates Publisher.
• Butler, J. K. (1991). Toward understanding and measuring conditions of trust: evolution of a conditions of trust inventory. Journal of Management, 17, 643-663.
• Can, A. (2018). SPSS ile bilimsel araştırma sürecinde nicel veri analizi. Ankara: Pegem Akademi.
• Çatı, K., Bilgin, Y., & Kılınç, I. (2013). Correlation between the personality of tourism students and their perception and attitude towards the tourism profession. Social and Educational Studies, 5(2), 283-302.
• Çetinsöz, B. C., & Akdağ, G. (2015). The relationship of the personality traits of employees working in hotel management with their job performance: a research in five-star hotels in Antalya. Tourism Academic Journal, 2(1), 1-13.
• Çokluk, Ö., Şekercioğlu, G., & Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2012). Multivariate statistics for social sciences SPSS and LISREL applications. Ankara: Pegem Akademi.
• Cook, J., & Wall, T. (1980). New work attitude measures of trust, organizational commitment and personal need non-fulfilment, Journal of Occupational Psychology, 53: 39-52.
• Costa, P. T., & McCrae, R. R. (1992). Revised NEO personality inventory (NEO-PI-R) and NEO five-factor inventory (NEO-FFI) Professional Manual. Odessa FL: Assessment Resources.
• Costa, P. T., & McCrae, R. R. (2009). The five-factor model and the neo inventories. In Butcher, J. N. (Ed.). The oxford handbook of personality assessment (pp. 299-322). New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
• Deluga, R. J. (1994). Supervisor trust building, leader-member exchange and organizational citizenship behavior. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 67, 315-326.
• Dolke, A. M. (1991). Personal-personality, job and organizational correlates of work identification. Indian Journal of Social Work, 52(4), 621-633.
• Dutton, J. E., Dukerich, J. M., & Harquail, C. V. (1994). Organizational images and member identification, Administrative Science Quarterly, 39, 239-263.
• Erat, S., Kitapçı, H., & Akçin, K. (2020). Managerial perception and organizational identity: a comparative analysis. Sustainability, 12(6), 1-16.
• Erdem, F., & Aytemur, J. (2014). Context-specific dimensions of trust manager, subordinate and co-worker in organizations. Journal of Arts & Humanities, 3(10), 28-40.
• Erkmen, T., & Esen, E. (2013). Investigating the relationship between trust to manager and trust to organization in service sector. Balkan Journal of Social Sciences, 2(3), 1-12.
• Falk, R. F., & Miller, N. B. (1992). A primer for soft modelling. Akron, OH: University of Akron Press.
• Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating Structural Equation Models with Unobservable Variables and Measurement Error, Journal of Marketing Research, 18(1),39-50.
• Funder, D. C. (2001). The personality puzzle. New York: Norton.
• Gazeloğlu, C., Erkılıç, E., & Aytekin, E. (2019). The effect of trust in manager on the organizational identification and intention to quit: A research on hospitality business employees. Journal of Tourism and Gastronomy Studies, 7(3), 19912-1932.
• George, J. M., & Zhou, J. (2001). Understanding when bad moods foster creativity and good ones don’t: the role of context and clarity of feelings, Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 87, 687-697.
• Goldberg, L. R. (1992). The Development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychol Assess, 4, 26-42.
• Gore, J. S., Kiefner, A. E., & Combs, K. M. (2012). Personality traits that predict academic citizenship behavior. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 42(10), 2433-2456.
• Gould, S. B. (1975). Organizational identification and commitment in two environments. Doctoral Dissertation, Michigan State University, Lansing.
• Gülgöz, S. (2002). Five-factor model and NEO-PI-R in Turkey. A. J. Marsella (Series Ed.), R.R. McCrae and J, Allik (Eds.), The Five-Factor Model Across Cultures, (pp. 1-23), New York: Kluwer Academic Plenum.
• Hair, J., Black, W., Babin, B., & Anderson, R. (2014). Multivariate data analysis. Harlow Essex: Pearson New International Edition.
• Hicks, R. E., & Mehta, Y. P. (2018). The Big five type a personality, and psychological well-being. International Journal of Psychological Studies, 10(1), 49-58.
• Hongwei, H., Weiyue, W., Weichun, Z., & Lloyd, H. (2015). Service workers’ job performance the roles of personality traits, organizational identification and customer orientation.European Journal of Marketing, 49(11), 1751-1776.
• Hosmer, L. T. (1995). Trust: The connecting link between organizational theory and philosophical ethics. Academy of Management Review, 20(2), 379-403.
• Hurtz, G. M., & Donovan, J. J. (2000). Personality and job performance: the big five revised. Journal of Applied Psychology, 85: 869-879.
• İnanır, A. (2012). Investigation of the relationship between personality types of employees and organizational commitment in hospitality industry. (Unpublish master’s thesis. Afyon Kocatepe University).
• İnanır, A., & Ucar, O. (2021). The effect of the local people's personality traits on their perception of tourism effects: The case of Antalya. International Journal of Society Researces, 17(38): 5161-5185.
• İnanır, A., Gürsoy, S., & Sarı, S. (2017). Investigation of relationship between personality characteristics and organizational commitment of personnel in hotel establishments application on five-star hotels in Alanya. Journal of International Multidisciplinary Academic Researches, 4(1), 43-57.
• Judge, T. A., & Cable, D. M. (1997). Applicant Personality Organizational Culture and Organizational Attraction. Personal Psychology, 50, 359-394.
• Karabey, C. N., & İşcan, Ö. F. (2007). Organizational identification, organizational image and the relationship between organizational citizenship behaviour: An application. Journal of Atatürk University Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, 21(2), 231-241.
• Karakuş, Y., Onat, G., & Yetiş, Ş. A. (2018). Yöneticilerin, aşçıların yetkinliklerine yönelik beklentilerinin değerlendirilmesi. Journal of Tourism and Gastronomy Studies, 6(4), 299-321.
• Kieffer, K. M., Schinka, J. A., & Curtiss, G. (2004). Person-environment congruence and personality domain in the prediction of job performance and work-quality. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 51 (2), 168-177.
• Kouzes, J. M., & Posner, B. Z. (1987). The leadership challenge.Jossey-Bass: San Francisco.
• Kristof, A. L. (1996). Person organization fit: An integrative review of its conceptualizations. measurement and implication. Personal Psychology, 49, 1-49.
• Larsen, M. M., Esenaliev, D., Brück, T., & Boehnke, K. (2020). The connection between social cohesion and personality: A multilevel study in the Kyrgyz Republic. International Journal of Psychology, 55 (1), 42-51.
• Mael, F., & Ashforth, B. E. (1992). Alumni and their alma mater: A partial test of the reformulated model of organizational identification.Journal of Organizational Behavior, 13, 103-123.
• Marshall, G. N., Wortman, C. B., Vickers, R. R., Kusulas, J. W., & Hervig, L. K. (1994). The Five Factor Model of Personality as a Framework for Personality-Health Research.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 67(2), 278-286.
• Martins, N. (2002). A model managing trust.International Journal of Manpower, 23(8), 754-769.
• McCrae, R. R., & Costa, P. T. (1987). Validation of the five-factor model of personality across instruments and observers.Journal of Personality and Psychology, 52(1), 81-90.
• McCrae, R. R., & Costa, P. T. (1989). Reinterpreting the Myers-Briggs type indicator from the perspective of the five-factor model of personality.Journal of Personality, 57, 17-40.
• McCrae, R. R., & Costa, P. T. (2003). Personality in adulthood. New York: The Guilford Press.
• McCrae, R. R., & Costa, P. T. (2006). Personality in adulthood a five-factor theory perspective. New York: The Guildford Press.
• Möllering, G., Bachmann, R., & Lee, S. H. (2004). Introduction understanding organizational trust-foundations, constellations, and issues of operationalization.Journal of Managerial Psychology, 19(6), 556-570.
• Mooradian, T., Renzl, B., & Matzler, K. (2006). Who trusts? Personality, trust and knowledge sharing.Management Learning, 37(4), 523-540.
• Mount, M. K., Barrick, M. R., Scullen, S. M., & Rounds, J. (2005). Higher-order dimensions of the big five personality traits and the big six vocational interest types.Personnel Psychology, 58, 447-478.
• O’Reilly, C. A., Chatman, J., & Caldwell, D. F. (1991). People and organizational culture: a profile comparison approach to assessing person-organization fit. Academy Management Journal, 34, 487-516.
• Ocak, S., Gider, Ö., Gider, N., & Top, M. (2017). Effects of personality traits on organizational commitment and organizational identification: A public hospital case. Journal of Istanbul University Institute of Business Economics, 28(82), 105-126.
• Organ, D. W., & Ryan, K. (1995). A meta- analytic review of attitudinal and dispositional predictors of organizational citizenship behavior.Personal Psychology, 35, 1-62.
• Ping, H., Mujtaba, B. G., Whetten, D. A., & Wei, Y. (2012). Leader personality characteristics and upward trust: a study of employee supervisor dyads in China.The Journal of Applied Business Research, 28(5), 1001-1016.
• Pratt, M. G. (1998). To be or not to be: central question in organizational identification, Whetten, D. A. & Godfrey, P. C. (Ed.). Identity in organizations: Building theory through conservation, Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
• Rawlins, B. L. (2007). Trust and PR practice. Institute for Public Relations, 1-18.
• Riketta, M. (2005). Organizational identification: a meta-analysis.Journal of Vocational Behavior, 66: 358-384.
• Rothman, S., & Coetzer, E. P. (2003). The big five personality dimensions and job performance.Journal of Industrial Psychology, 29(1), 68-74.
• Rotter, J. B. (1967). A New scale for the measurement of interpersonal trust.Journal of Personality, 35, 651-665.
• Saldago, J. F. (1997). The five-factor model of personality and job performance in the European community.Journal of Applied Psychology, 82 (1), 30-43.
• Saucier, G., & Goldberg, L. R. (2003). The Structure of personality attributes. Barrick MR, Ryan AM (Eds.), In: Personality and Work (1-29). Jossey Bass, San Francisco.
• Sekaran, U. (2003). Research methods for business a skill-building approach. New York: John Wiley & Sons.
• Şen, E., & Günaydın, İ. (2019). The effect of trust in manager on organizational identification in travel agencies.Journal of Recreation and Tourism Research, 6(1), 1-12.
• Şimşek, Ö. F. (2007). Introduction to Structural Equation Modeling (Basic Principles and Lisrel Applications). Ankara: Ekinoks Yayınları.
• Smith, E., Nolen-Hoeksema, S., Fredrickson, B. L., & Loftus, G. R. (2003). Atkinson & Hilgard’s Introduction to Psychology.Thomson Learning Belmont USA: Theory Perspective. Guilford Press.
• Smith, M. A., & Canger, J. M. (2004). Effects of supervisor big five personality on subordinate attitudes.Journal of Business and Psychology, 18(4), 465-481.
• Stevens, C. D., & Ash, R. A. (2001). Selecting Employees for fit: personality and preferred managerial style.Journal of Managerial Issues, 13(4), 500-517.
• Tajfel, H., & Turner, J. C. (1985). The social identity theory of intergroup behaviour. In: Worchel, S. E. & Austin, W. G. (Ed.). Psychology of intergroup relations, (pp. 7-24). Chicago: Nelson Hall.
• Tan, H. H., & Tan, C. S. F. (2000). Towards the differentiation of trust in supervisor and trust in organization. Genetic, Social, General Psychology Monographs, 26(2), 241-260.
• Taşcı, D., & Eroğlu, E. (2007). Evaluation of the relationship between the personality traits of managers and their frequency of persuasion and influence tactics. Journal of Selçuk University Social Sciences Institute, 17(1), 533-546.
• Taşkın, Ç., & Akat, Ö. (2010). Structural equation modeling in research methods. Bursa: Ekin Yayınevi.
• Topçu, M. K., & Basım, H. N. (2015). The role of psychological contract perception in the effect of personality traits of employees in smes on organizational identification and the turnover intention.Turkish Studies, 10(10), 861-886.
• Tuna, T., & Yeşiltaş, M. (2014). The effect of ethical climate, alienation to work and organizational identification on the intention to quit: A research in hotel enterprises.Anatolia: Journal of Tourism Research, 25(1), 105-117.
• Turban, D. B., & Keon, T. L. (1993). Organizational attractiveness: An interactionalist perspective.Journal of Applied Psychology, 78, 184-193.
• Tüzün, I. K. (2006). Organizational trust, organizational identity and organizational identification relationship: An applied study. (Unpublish doctoral thesis. Gazi University).
• Tüzün, İ. K., & Çağlar, İ. (2008). The concept of organizational identification and the relationships of organizational communication.Journal of Yaşar University, 3(9), 1011-1027.
• Üngüren, E. (2019). Determining the discrimination level of personality traits of frontline employees on job performances.Journal of Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Economics And Administrative Sciences Faculty, 6(3), 768-795.
• Valentine, S., Godkin, L., & Lucero, M. (2002). Ethical context, organizational commitment and person-organization fit.Journal of Business Ethics, 41, 349-360.
• Vieira, L. A. (2011). Interactive LISREL in practice getting started with a SIMPLIS approach. London: Springer Inc. UK.
• Welch, J. (2005). Winning. Harper Collins: New York.
• Yarmacı, N., Karaçar, M., & Pelit, E. (2016). The effect of personality traits on organizational identification: A research on hotel business employees, 17th National Tourism Congress Proceedings Book. 20-23 October 2016, Bodrum, Muğla. 140-152.