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Factors affecting the accuracy of estimated fetal weight in small for gestational age (SGA) fetuses

Year 2024, Volume: 5 Issue: 6, 294 - 298, 23.12.2024

Abstract

Aims: To identify factors influencing the accuracy of estimated fetal weight in small for gestational age (SGA) fetuses.
Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 268 women in the third trimester with singleton pregnancies and estimated fetal weight below the 10th percentile. Data were obtained from electronic medical records, and the Hadlock formula was used to estimate fetal weight through ultrasound measurements. Patients with fetal growth restriction due to placental insufficiency, preeclampsia, multiple pregnancies, or fetal anomalies were excluded from the study. The study groups were categorized based on differences between their estimated and actual birth weights.
Results: The analysis showed that 24.3% of the cases had a difference of >10% between estimated and actual birth weights. The mode of delivery was significantly associated with weight difference, with a lower cesarean section rate in the group with a difference >10%. There were no significant differences in clinical and sonographic characteristics between the study groups. Perinatal outcomes did not exhibit significant differences in gestational age at delivery, delivery mode, sex, or meconium-stained amniotic fluid. However, there was a significant difference in birth weight, with higher birth weights observed in the group with a difference >10%. Logistic regression analysis did not reveal any statistically significant associations between the examined factors and weight differences >10%.
Conclusion: This study highlights the challenges of accurately estimating fetal weight in SGA fetuses. Further research is needed to identify additional factors and develop more reliable methods for estimating fetal weight in these cases, aiming to improve prenatal management and reduce the risk of adverse outcomes.

References

  • Milner J, Arezina J. The accuracy of ultrasound estimation of fetal weight in comparison to birth weight: a systematic review. Ultrasound. 2018;26(1): 32-41.
  • Chew LC, Verma RP. Fetal growth restriction. In Treasure Island (FL); 2024.
  • Benson-Cooper S, Tarr GP, Kelly J, Bergin CJ. Accuracy of ultrasound in estimating fetal weight in New Zealand. Australas J Ultrasound Med. 2021; 24(1):13-19.
  • Stephens K, Al-Memar M, Beattie-Jones S, et al. Comparing the relation between ultrasound-estimated fetal weight and birthweight in cohort of small-for-gestational-age fetuses. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2019;98(11): 1435-1441.
  • Bardin R, Aviram A, Hiersch L, Hadar E, Gabbay-Benziv R. False diagnosis of small for gestational age and macrosomia-clinical and sonographic predictors. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2022;35(8):1539-1545.
  • Gawie-Rotman M, Menashe S, Haggiag N, Shrim A, Hallak M, Gabbay-Benziv R. The accuracy of sonographically estimated fetal weight and prediction of small for gestational age in twin pregnancy-comparison of the first and second twins. J Clin Med. 2023;12(9):3307. doi:10.3390/jcm12093307
  • Sgayer I, Barbara T, Darwish A, et al. The accuracy of sonographic fetal weight in very preterm infants (≤32 weeks). J Gynecol Obstet Hum Reprod. 2024;53(7):102785.
  • Haragan A, Himes K. Accuracy of ultrasound estimated fetal weight in small for gestational age and appropriate for gestational age grown periviable neonates. Am J Perinatol. 2018;35(8):703-706.
  • Atlass JH, Rogan S, Himes KP. Accuracy of estimated fetal weight in extremely preterm infants and the impact of prepregnancy body-mass index. Am J Obstet Gynecol MFM. 2022;4(3):100615.
  • Iwama N, Obara T, Ishikuro M, et al. Risk scores for predicting small for gestational age infants in Japan: the TMM birthree cohort study. Sci Rep. 2022;12(1):8921.
  • Ashwal E, Ferreira F, Mei-Dan E, et al. The accuracy of fetoplacental doppler in distinguishing between growth restricted and constitutionally small fetuses. Placenta. 2022;120:40-48.

Gebelik yaşına göre küçük (SGA) fetüslerde tahmini fetal ağırlığın doğruluğunu etkileyen faktörler

Year 2024, Volume: 5 Issue: 6, 294 - 298, 23.12.2024

Abstract

Amaç Gebelik yaşına göre küçük (SGA) fetüslerde tahmini fetal ağırlığın doğruluğunu etkileyen faktörleri belirlemek.
Çalışma Tasarımı: Bu retrospektif kohort çalışmasına üçüncü trimesterde tekil gebeliği olan ve tahmini fetal ağırlığı 10. persentilin altında olan 268 kadın dahil edilmiştir. Veriler elektronik tıbbi kayıtlardan elde edilmiş ve ultrason ölçümleri yoluyla fetal ağırlığı tahmin etmek için Hadlock formülü kullanılmıştır. Plasental yetmezlik, preeklampsi, çoğul gebelik veya fetal anomaliler nedeniyle fetal büyüme kısıtlılığı olan hastalar çalışma dışı bırakılmıştır. Çalışma grupları tahmini ve gerçek doğum ağırlıkları arasındaki farklara göre kategorize edildi.
Sonuçlar: Analiz, vakaların %24,3'ünde tahmini ve gerçek doğum ağırlıkları arasında >%10 fark olduğunu gösterdi. Doğum şekli kilo farkı ile anlamlı şekilde ilişkiliydi ve >%10 fark olan grupta sezaryen oranı daha düşüktü. Çalışma grupları arasında klinik ve sonografik özellikler açısından anlamlı bir fark bulunmamıştır. Perinatal sonuçlar doğumdaki gebelik yaşı, doğum şekli, cinsiyet veya mekonyum lekeli amniyotik sıvı açısından anlamlı farklılıklar göstermemiştir. Bununla birlikte, doğum ağırlığında anlamlı bir fark vardı ve >%10 fark olan grupta daha yüksek doğum ağırlıkları gözlendi. Lojistik regresyon analizi, maternal VKİ, oligohidramniyos, plasental yerleşim, fetal hareket, doğum şekli, uterus çentiği ve ağırlık farklılıkları arasında anlamlı bir ilişki olmadığını ortaya koymuştur.
Sonuçlar: Bu çalışma SGA fetüslerde fetal ağırlığın doğru bir şekilde tahmin edilmesinin zorluklarını vurgulamaktadır. Doğum öncesi yönetimi iyileştirmek ve olumsuz sonuç riskini azaltmak amacıyla, bu vakalarda ek faktörleri tanımlamak ve fetal ağırlığı tahmin etmek için daha güvenilir yöntemler geliştirmek için daha fazla araştırmaya ihtiyaç vardır.

References

  • Milner J, Arezina J. The accuracy of ultrasound estimation of fetal weight in comparison to birth weight: a systematic review. Ultrasound. 2018;26(1): 32-41.
  • Chew LC, Verma RP. Fetal growth restriction. In Treasure Island (FL); 2024.
  • Benson-Cooper S, Tarr GP, Kelly J, Bergin CJ. Accuracy of ultrasound in estimating fetal weight in New Zealand. Australas J Ultrasound Med. 2021; 24(1):13-19.
  • Stephens K, Al-Memar M, Beattie-Jones S, et al. Comparing the relation between ultrasound-estimated fetal weight and birthweight in cohort of small-for-gestational-age fetuses. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2019;98(11): 1435-1441.
  • Bardin R, Aviram A, Hiersch L, Hadar E, Gabbay-Benziv R. False diagnosis of small for gestational age and macrosomia-clinical and sonographic predictors. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2022;35(8):1539-1545.
  • Gawie-Rotman M, Menashe S, Haggiag N, Shrim A, Hallak M, Gabbay-Benziv R. The accuracy of sonographically estimated fetal weight and prediction of small for gestational age in twin pregnancy-comparison of the first and second twins. J Clin Med. 2023;12(9):3307. doi:10.3390/jcm12093307
  • Sgayer I, Barbara T, Darwish A, et al. The accuracy of sonographic fetal weight in very preterm infants (≤32 weeks). J Gynecol Obstet Hum Reprod. 2024;53(7):102785.
  • Haragan A, Himes K. Accuracy of ultrasound estimated fetal weight in small for gestational age and appropriate for gestational age grown periviable neonates. Am J Perinatol. 2018;35(8):703-706.
  • Atlass JH, Rogan S, Himes KP. Accuracy of estimated fetal weight in extremely preterm infants and the impact of prepregnancy body-mass index. Am J Obstet Gynecol MFM. 2022;4(3):100615.
  • Iwama N, Obara T, Ishikuro M, et al. Risk scores for predicting small for gestational age infants in Japan: the TMM birthree cohort study. Sci Rep. 2022;12(1):8921.
  • Ashwal E, Ferreira F, Mei-Dan E, et al. The accuracy of fetoplacental doppler in distinguishing between growth restricted and constitutionally small fetuses. Placenta. 2022;120:40-48.
There are 11 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Foetal Development and Medicine
Journal Section Research Articles [en] Araştırma Makaleleri [tr]
Authors

Nihal Çallıoğlu 0000-0002-4324-692X

Işıl Turan Bakırcı 0000-0003-1666-0452

Fırat Ersan 0000-0001-5337-0169

Selçuk Atalay 0000-0001-7702-5773

Güray Tuna 0000-0003-0423-3760

Publication Date December 23, 2024
Submission Date July 3, 2024
Acceptance Date October 28, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 5 Issue: 6

Cite

AMA Çallıoğlu N, Turan Bakırcı I, Ersan F, Atalay S, Tuna G. Factors affecting the accuracy of estimated fetal weight in small for gestational age (SGA) fetuses. J Med Palliat Care / JOMPAC / jompac. December 2024;5(6):294-298.

TR DİZİN ULAKBİM and International Indexes (1d)

Interuniversity Board (UAK) Equivalency: Article published in Ulakbim TR Index journal [10 POINTS], and Article published in other (excuding 1a, b, c) international indexed journal (1d) [5 POINTS]



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