Research Article

Clinical Predictors of Early Treatment Failure After Tube Thoracostomy in First-Episode Primary Spontaneous Pneumothorax

Volume: 5 Number: 2 September 1, 2026
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Clinical Predictors of Early Treatment Failure After Tube Thoracostomy in First-Episode Primary Spontaneous Pneumothorax

Abstract

Objective: Early treatment failure following initial tube thoracostomy remains a major clinical challenge in patients with first-episode primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP). This study aimed to identify clinical predictors of early treatment failure and evaluate its association with short-term clinical outcomes. Materials and Methods: This retrospective single-center study included 80 consecutive patients with first-episode PSP treated with initial tube thoracostomy between January 2014 and January 2026. Early treatment failure was defined as persistent air leak 48 hours after tube insertion despite a functioning drainage system. Demographic, laboratory, and radiological variables were analyzed using univariable and multivariable binary logistic regression. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed for continuous variables. Results: Early treatment failure occurred in 39 patients (48.8%). In univariable analysis, blebs and/or bullae (OR 4.455, 95% CI 1.530–12.969; p=0.006) and residual pneumothorax on the first-day chest radiograph (OR 2.875, 95% CI 1.148–7.200; p=0.024) were significantly associated with early treatment failure. After multivariable adjustment, only the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio remained independently associated (OR 2.201, 95% CI 1.088–4.452; p=0.028). Early treatment failure was associated with prolonged air leak, increased VATS requirement, longer chest tube duration, and longer hospital stay (all p<0.001). Conclusions: Early treatment failure after initial tube thoracostomy was associated with a more complicated shortterm clinical course. Although the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio was independently associated with early treatment failure, its discriminatory ability was limited, indicating that it should not be used as a standalone predictor.

Keywords

Supporting Institution

This research received no specific grant from any funding agency in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.

Ethical Statement

This study was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of Selçuk University Faculty of Medicine (Approval No. 2026/476, June 30, 2026).

References

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Cardiovascular Medicine and Haematology (Other)

Journal Section

Research Article

Publication Date

September 1, 2026

Submission Date

July 27, 2026

Acceptance Date

August 17, 2026

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Volume: 5 Number: 2

APA
Şahinoğlu, T., Öz, D., Altıntaş, K., Can, A., & Yıldıran, H. (2026). Clinical Predictors of Early Treatment Failure After Tube Thoracostomy in First-Episode Primary Spontaneous Pneumothorax. Journal of Medical Topics and Updates, 5(2), 20-25. https://doi.org/10.58651/jomtu.2004767
AMA
1.Şahinoğlu T, Öz D, Altıntaş K, Can A, Yıldıran H. Clinical Predictors of Early Treatment Failure After Tube Thoracostomy in First-Episode Primary Spontaneous Pneumothorax. Journal of MTU. 2026;5(2):20-25. doi:10.58651/jomtu.2004767
Chicago
Şahinoğlu, Tuba, Dursun Öz, Kübra Altıntaş, Atilla Can, and Hüseyin Yıldıran. 2026. “Clinical Predictors of Early Treatment Failure After Tube Thoracostomy in First-Episode Primary Spontaneous Pneumothorax”. Journal of Medical Topics and Updates 5 (2): 20-25. https://doi.org/10.58651/jomtu.2004767.
EndNote
Şahinoğlu T, Öz D, Altıntaş K, Can A, Yıldıran H (September 1, 2026) Clinical Predictors of Early Treatment Failure After Tube Thoracostomy in First-Episode Primary Spontaneous Pneumothorax. Journal of Medical Topics and Updates 5 2 20–25.
IEEE
[1]T. Şahinoğlu, D. Öz, K. Altıntaş, A. Can, and H. Yıldıran, “Clinical Predictors of Early Treatment Failure After Tube Thoracostomy in First-Episode Primary Spontaneous Pneumothorax”, Journal of MTU, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 20–25, Sept. 2026, doi: 10.58651/jomtu.2004767.
ISNAD
Şahinoğlu, Tuba - Öz, Dursun - Altıntaş, Kübra - Can, Atilla - Yıldıran, Hüseyin. “Clinical Predictors of Early Treatment Failure After Tube Thoracostomy in First-Episode Primary Spontaneous Pneumothorax”. Journal of Medical Topics and Updates 5/2 (September 1, 2026): 20-25. https://doi.org/10.58651/jomtu.2004767.
JAMA
1.Şahinoğlu T, Öz D, Altıntaş K, Can A, Yıldıran H. Clinical Predictors of Early Treatment Failure After Tube Thoracostomy in First-Episode Primary Spontaneous Pneumothorax. Journal of MTU. 2026;5:20–25.
MLA
Şahinoğlu, Tuba, et al. “Clinical Predictors of Early Treatment Failure After Tube Thoracostomy in First-Episode Primary Spontaneous Pneumothorax”. Journal of Medical Topics and Updates, vol. 5, no. 2, Sept. 2026, pp. 20-25, doi:10.58651/jomtu.2004767.
Vancouver
1.Tuba Şahinoğlu, Dursun Öz, Kübra Altıntaş, Atilla Can, Hüseyin Yıldıran. Clinical Predictors of Early Treatment Failure After Tube Thoracostomy in First-Episode Primary Spontaneous Pneumothorax. Journal of MTU. 2026 Sep. 1;5(2):20-5. doi:10.58651/jomtu.2004767