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Model-Based and Agile Systems Engineering Approach for Cyber-Physical Systems Development

Volume: 8 Number: 2 December 31, 2025
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Model-Based and Agile Systems Engineering Approach for Cyber-Physical Systems Development

Abstract

This study presents a scalable, model-based, and agile systems engineering approach for the development of complex cyber-physical systems (CPS) such as aircraft, helicopters, UAVs, satellites, and automobiles. By integrating INCOSE’s systems engineering principles, the ARCADIA model-based methodology, and the SAFe framework, this approach enhances development scalability, business alignment, and digital continuity. The proposed hybrid method improves traditional system engineering by enabling the iterative and parallel development of logical and physical architectures, early stakeholder feedback, and simulation-driven validation. This reduces rework, increases engineering efficiency, and supports continuous integration across multidisciplinary teams. In contrast to conventional document-based and sequential processes, this approach ensures end-to-end traceability, accelerates product delivery through agile value streams, and adapts rapidly to evolving requirements. The SAFe framework adds organizational scalability by clearly defining responsibilities from the portfolio to the team level, thereby supporting strategic alignment and operational agility. Overall, the methodology addresses the complexity and pace of modern CPS development and lays the groundwork for future enhancements, such as AI integration, automated model transformations, and cyber-secure architecture design.

Keywords

Supporting Institution

Türk Havacılık ve Uzay Sanayii

References

  1. INCOSE (2015). Systems Engineering Handbook: A Guide for System Life Cycle Processes and Activities (4th ed.). Wiley. ISBN: 9781118999400.
  2. Roques, P. (2022). Systems Architecture Modeling with the ARCADIA Method: A Practical Guide. Elsevier. ISBN: 9780128238455.
  3. Leffingwell, D. (2020). SAFe 5.0 Reference Guide: Scaled Agile Framework for Lean Enterprises. Addison-Wesley. ISBN: 9780136524197.
  4. Estefan, J. A. (2008). Survey of Model-Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) Methodologies. INCOSE Technical Report, Rev. B.
  5. Object Management Group (OMG) (2019). Systems Modeling Language (SysML) Specification, Version 1.6. Document Number: formal/2019-11-01.
  6. Douglass, B. P. (2021). Agile Model-Based Systems Engineering Cookbook. Elsevier. ISBN: 9780128221099.
  7. Boehm, B., & Turner, R. (2003). Balancing Agility and Discipline: A Guide for the Perplexed. Addison-Wesley. ISBN: 9780321186122.
  8. Ulrich, K. T., & Eppinger, S. D. (2016). Product Design and Development (6th ed.). McGraw-Hill Education. ISBN: 9781259253494.

Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Software Engineering (Other), Industrial Engineering, Manufacturing and Industrial Engineering (Other)

Journal Section

Image Presentation

Authors

Emin Yeni *
Türkiye

Publication Date

December 31, 2025

Submission Date

July 3, 2025

Acceptance Date

November 24, 2025

Published in Issue

Year 2025 Volume: 8 Number: 2

APA
Yeni, E. (2025). Model-Based and Agile Systems Engineering Approach for Cyber-Physical Systems Development. Bartın University International Journal of Natural and Applied Sciences, 8(2), 343-357. https://doi.org/10.55930/jonas.1733863
AMA
1.Yeni E. Model-Based and Agile Systems Engineering Approach for Cyber-Physical Systems Development. JONAS. 2025;8(2):343-357. doi:10.55930/jonas.1733863
Chicago
Yeni, Emin. 2025. “Model-Based and Agile Systems Engineering Approach for Cyber-Physical Systems Development”. Bartın University International Journal of Natural and Applied Sciences 8 (2): 343-57. https://doi.org/10.55930/jonas.1733863.
EndNote
Yeni E (December 1, 2025) Model-Based and Agile Systems Engineering Approach for Cyber-Physical Systems Development. Bartın University International Journal of Natural and Applied Sciences 8 2 343–357.
IEEE
[1]E. Yeni, “Model-Based and Agile Systems Engineering Approach for Cyber-Physical Systems Development”, JONAS, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 343–357, Dec. 2025, doi: 10.55930/jonas.1733863.
ISNAD
Yeni, Emin. “Model-Based and Agile Systems Engineering Approach for Cyber-Physical Systems Development”. Bartın University International Journal of Natural and Applied Sciences 8/2 (December 1, 2025): 343-357. https://doi.org/10.55930/jonas.1733863.
JAMA
1.Yeni E. Model-Based and Agile Systems Engineering Approach for Cyber-Physical Systems Development. JONAS. 2025;8:343–357.
MLA
Yeni, Emin. “Model-Based and Agile Systems Engineering Approach for Cyber-Physical Systems Development”. Bartın University International Journal of Natural and Applied Sciences, vol. 8, no. 2, Dec. 2025, pp. 343-57, doi:10.55930/jonas.1733863.
Vancouver
1.Emin Yeni. Model-Based and Agile Systems Engineering Approach for Cyber-Physical Systems Development. JONAS. 2025 Dec. 1;8(2):343-57. doi:10.55930/jonas.1733863