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Model Tabanlı ve Çevik Sistem Mühendisliği Yaklaşımı ile Siber-Fiziksel Sistemlerin Geliştirilmesi

Year 2025, Volume: 8 Issue: 2, 343 - 357, 31.12.2025
https://doi.org/10.55930/jonas.1733863

Abstract

Bu çalışma, uçak, helikopter, iha, roket, uydu, otomobil gibi karmaşık siber-fiziksel sistemlerin (CPS) geliştirilmesine yönelik ölçeklenebilir, model tabanlı ve çevik bir sistem mühendisliği yaklaşımı sunmaktadır. INCOSE sistem mühendisliği ilkeleri, ARCADIA model tabanlı yöntemi ve SAFe çevik çerçevesinin entegrasyonu ile geliştirilen bu yaklaşım; geliştirme süreçlerinde ölçeklenebilirliği, iş değeri odaklılığı ve dijital sürekliliği artırmaktadır. Önerilen hibrit yöntem, mantıksal ve fiziksel mimarilerin yinelemeli ve paralel geliştirilmesini, erken paydaş geri bildirimlerini ve simülasyon tabanlı doğrulama süreçlerini mümkün kılarak mühendislik verimliliğini artırmakta ve yeniden iş yapma ihtiyacını azaltmaktadır. Geleneksel doküman tabanlı ve ardışık süreçlerin aksine, bu yaklaşım uçtan uca izlenebilirlik sağlar, çevik değer akışları üzerinden ürün teslimat hızını artırır ve değişen gereksinimlere uyum sağlar. SAFe çerçevesi sayesinde, portföyden ekip seviyesine kadar rollerin net tanımlanması ile stratejik uyum ve operasyonel çeviklik desteklenmektedir. Genel olarak, bu metodoloji modern CPS geliştirme süreçlerinin karmaşıklığına ve hızına yanıt verirken; yapay zekâ entegrasyonu, model dönüşümlerinin otomasyonu ve siber güvenli mimari tasarımı gibi gelecek geliştirmeler için de sağlam bir temel sunmaktadır.

References

  • INCOSE (2015). Systems Engineering Handbook: A Guide for System Life Cycle Processes and Activities (4th ed.). Wiley. ISBN: 9781118999400.
  • Roques, P. (2022). Systems Architecture Modeling with the ARCADIA Method: A Practical Guide. Elsevier. ISBN: 9780128238455.
  • Leffingwell, D. (2020). SAFe 5.0 Reference Guide: Scaled Agile Framework for Lean Enterprises. Addison-Wesley. ISBN: 9780136524197.
  • Estefan, J. A. (2008). Survey of Model-Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) Methodologies. INCOSE Technical Report, Rev. B.
  • Object Management Group (OMG) (2019). Systems Modeling Language (SysML) Specification, Version 1.6. Document Number: formal/2019-11-01.
  • Douglass, B. P. (2021). Agile Model-Based Systems Engineering Cookbook. Elsevier. ISBN: 9780128221099.
  • Boehm, B., & Turner, R. (2003). Balancing Agility and Discipline: A Guide for the Perplexed. Addison-Wesley. ISBN: 9780321186122.
  • Ulrich, K. T., & Eppinger, S. D. (2016). Product Design and Development (6th ed.). McGraw-Hill Education. ISBN: 9781259253494.
  • Jackson, S., & Ferris, T. L. J. (2013). Research on MBSE Adoption Barriers and Enablers in Industry. INCOSE International Symposium.
  • Object Management Group (OMG) (2021). Unified Architecture Framework (UAF) Domain Metamodel (DMM). Document: formal/2021-07-01.
  • Forsberg, K., Mooz, H., & Cotterman, H. (2005). Visualizing Project Management (3rd ed.). Wiley. ISBN: 9780471648481.
  • ISO/IEC/IEEE (2015). 15288:2015 Systems and Software Engineering – System Life Cycle Processes. International Standard.
  • Schwaber, K., & Sutherland, J. (2020). The Scrum Guide – The Definitive Guide to Scrum. Scrum.org. Available at: https://scrumguides.org/scrum-guide.html
  • Voirin, J. (2023). Arcadia Engineering Landscape - Introducing Arcadia Scope. Available at https://mbse-capella.org/resources/arcadia-reference/Arcadia%20Engineering%20Landscape.pdf
  • Yüksel, H., (2023). Metaverse – Yeni Dünyaya İlk Adım. Iksad Publishing. Available at: https://iksadyayinevi.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/METAVERSE-%E2%80%93-YENI-DUNYAYA-ILK-ADIM.pdf
  • Salehi, V., & Wand, S. (2019). “Munich Agile MBSE Concept (MAGIC)”, INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENGINEERING DESIGN, ICED19
  • Riesener, M. et, al. (2021). “Methodology for iterative system modeling in agile product development”, 31st CIRP Design Conference 2021 (CIRP Design 2021)
  • Humpert, L., et. al. (2023). “Criteria-based comparison of Systems Engineering and Agile Methods”
  • Gustavsson, H. & Cederbladh, J. (2024). “Towards Model-Based Adoption for Requirements Elicitation in Railway- the Role of Collaborative and Participatory Modelling”

Model-Based and Agile Systems Engineering Approach for Cyber-Physical Systems Development

Year 2025, Volume: 8 Issue: 2, 343 - 357, 31.12.2025
https://doi.org/10.55930/jonas.1733863

Abstract

This study presents a scalable, model-based, and agile systems engineering approach for the development of complex cyber-physical systems (CPS) such as aircraft, helicopters, UAVs, satellites, and automobiles. By integrating INCOSE’s systems engineering principles, the ARCADIA model-based methodology, and the SAFe framework, this approach enhances development scalability, business alignment, and digital continuity. The proposed hybrid method improves traditional system engineering by enabling the iterative and parallel development of logical and physical architectures, early stakeholder feedback, and simulation-driven validation. This reduces rework, increases engineering efficiency, and supports continuous integration across multidisciplinary teams. In contrast to conventional document-based and sequential processes, this approach ensures end-to-end traceability, accelerates product delivery through agile value streams, and adapts rapidly to evolving requirements. The SAFe framework adds organizational scalability by clearly defining responsibilities from the portfolio to the team level, thereby supporting strategic alignment and operational agility. Overall, the methodology addresses the complexity and pace of modern CPS development and lays the groundwork for future enhancements, such as AI integration, automated model transformations, and cyber-secure architecture design.

Supporting Institution

Türk Havacılık ve Uzay Sanayii

References

  • INCOSE (2015). Systems Engineering Handbook: A Guide for System Life Cycle Processes and Activities (4th ed.). Wiley. ISBN: 9781118999400.
  • Roques, P. (2022). Systems Architecture Modeling with the ARCADIA Method: A Practical Guide. Elsevier. ISBN: 9780128238455.
  • Leffingwell, D. (2020). SAFe 5.0 Reference Guide: Scaled Agile Framework for Lean Enterprises. Addison-Wesley. ISBN: 9780136524197.
  • Estefan, J. A. (2008). Survey of Model-Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) Methodologies. INCOSE Technical Report, Rev. B.
  • Object Management Group (OMG) (2019). Systems Modeling Language (SysML) Specification, Version 1.6. Document Number: formal/2019-11-01.
  • Douglass, B. P. (2021). Agile Model-Based Systems Engineering Cookbook. Elsevier. ISBN: 9780128221099.
  • Boehm, B., & Turner, R. (2003). Balancing Agility and Discipline: A Guide for the Perplexed. Addison-Wesley. ISBN: 9780321186122.
  • Ulrich, K. T., & Eppinger, S. D. (2016). Product Design and Development (6th ed.). McGraw-Hill Education. ISBN: 9781259253494.
  • Jackson, S., & Ferris, T. L. J. (2013). Research on MBSE Adoption Barriers and Enablers in Industry. INCOSE International Symposium.
  • Object Management Group (OMG) (2021). Unified Architecture Framework (UAF) Domain Metamodel (DMM). Document: formal/2021-07-01.
  • Forsberg, K., Mooz, H., & Cotterman, H. (2005). Visualizing Project Management (3rd ed.). Wiley. ISBN: 9780471648481.
  • ISO/IEC/IEEE (2015). 15288:2015 Systems and Software Engineering – System Life Cycle Processes. International Standard.
  • Schwaber, K., & Sutherland, J. (2020). The Scrum Guide – The Definitive Guide to Scrum. Scrum.org. Available at: https://scrumguides.org/scrum-guide.html
  • Voirin, J. (2023). Arcadia Engineering Landscape - Introducing Arcadia Scope. Available at https://mbse-capella.org/resources/arcadia-reference/Arcadia%20Engineering%20Landscape.pdf
  • Yüksel, H., (2023). Metaverse – Yeni Dünyaya İlk Adım. Iksad Publishing. Available at: https://iksadyayinevi.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/METAVERSE-%E2%80%93-YENI-DUNYAYA-ILK-ADIM.pdf
  • Salehi, V., & Wand, S. (2019). “Munich Agile MBSE Concept (MAGIC)”, INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENGINEERING DESIGN, ICED19
  • Riesener, M. et, al. (2021). “Methodology for iterative system modeling in agile product development”, 31st CIRP Design Conference 2021 (CIRP Design 2021)
  • Humpert, L., et. al. (2023). “Criteria-based comparison of Systems Engineering and Agile Methods”
  • Gustavsson, H. & Cederbladh, J. (2024). “Towards Model-Based Adoption for Requirements Elicitation in Railway- the Role of Collaborative and Participatory Modelling”
There are 19 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Software Engineering (Other), Industrial Engineering, Manufacturing and Industrial Engineering (Other)
Journal Section Image Presentation
Authors

Emin Yeni

Submission Date July 3, 2025
Acceptance Date November 24, 2025
Publication Date December 31, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 8 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Yeni, E. (2025). Model-Based and Agile Systems Engineering Approach for Cyber-Physical Systems Development. Bartın University International Journal of Natural and Applied Sciences, 8(2), 343-357. https://doi.org/10.55930/jonas.1733863
AMA Yeni E. Model-Based and Agile Systems Engineering Approach for Cyber-Physical Systems Development. JONAS. December 2025;8(2):343-357. doi:10.55930/jonas.1733863
Chicago Yeni, Emin. “Model-Based and Agile Systems Engineering Approach for Cyber-Physical Systems Development”. Bartın University International Journal of Natural and Applied Sciences 8, no. 2 (December 2025): 343-57. https://doi.org/10.55930/jonas.1733863.
EndNote Yeni E (December 1, 2025) Model-Based and Agile Systems Engineering Approach for Cyber-Physical Systems Development. Bartın University International Journal of Natural and Applied Sciences 8 2 343–357.
IEEE E. Yeni, “Model-Based and Agile Systems Engineering Approach for Cyber-Physical Systems Development”, JONAS, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 343–357, 2025, doi: 10.55930/jonas.1733863.
ISNAD Yeni, Emin. “Model-Based and Agile Systems Engineering Approach for Cyber-Physical Systems Development”. Bartın University International Journal of Natural and Applied Sciences 8/2 (December2025), 343-357. https://doi.org/10.55930/jonas.1733863.
JAMA Yeni E. Model-Based and Agile Systems Engineering Approach for Cyber-Physical Systems Development. JONAS. 2025;8:343–357.
MLA Yeni, Emin. “Model-Based and Agile Systems Engineering Approach for Cyber-Physical Systems Development”. Bartın University International Journal of Natural and Applied Sciences, vol. 8, no. 2, 2025, pp. 343-57, doi:10.55930/jonas.1733863.
Vancouver Yeni E. Model-Based and Agile Systems Engineering Approach for Cyber-Physical Systems Development. JONAS. 2025;8(2):343-57.