Serum galectin-3 levels and vitamin D relationship in heart failure

Year 2021, Volume: 5 Issue: 10, 1046 - 1049, 01.10.2021

Mustafa Özcan , Murat Akarsu , Şengül Aydın Yoldemir , Özgür Altun , Orkide Kutlu , Semih Kalyon , Gülden Yürüyen , Perihan Özkan Gümüşkaya , Neslihan Özsoy , Hasan Eruzun , Yücel Arman , Tufan Tükek

https://doi.org/10.28982/josam.1003992

Abstract

Background/Aim: Heart failure is an important health problem with an increasing incidence in the world and poor prognosis. Galectin-3 is associated with progressive fibrosis, an underlying pathology of heart failure, just as vitamin D deficiency. We examined the relationship between the stage of heart failure and galectin-3 and 25-OH vitamin D levels.
Methods: Sixty patients with heart failure and 30 healthy volunteers were included in this prospective case-control study. Demographic data, comorbid diseases and laboratory data were examined, and 25-OH vitamin D and galectin-3 levels were compared between the patients with CHF and the control group.
Results: Galectin-3 levels were high in patients with heart failure (P<0.001) and increased as the ejection fraction (EF) decreased (P=0.001). 25-OH vitamin D levels were lower in the patient group compared to the control group (P<0.001). There was no significant correlation between serum galectin-3 and vitamin D levels (r=-0.22; P=0.094); however, serum galectin-3 levels and the stage of CHF were correlated (r=0.66; P=0.001).
Conclusions: We found high serum galectin-3 levels in patients with heart failure and low 25 OH vitamin D levels. We think that both molecules are important prognostic biomarkers in cardiac inflammation and fibrosis.

Keywords

Galectin 3, Congestive heart failure, Vitamin D3 level

Supporting Institution

DETEKLEYEN KURUM YOKTUR

Thanks

Dear Editor, I am writing to submit our manuscript entitled, "Serum Galectin 3 Levels and Vıtamin D Relationship in Heart Failure" for consideration for publication in your journal. This manuscript describes original work and is not under consideration by any other journal. All authors approved the manuscript and this submission. There are no conflicts of interest. Corresponding Author: Dr. Mustafa Özcan, Şişli/ İstanbul, Turkey e-mail: [e-mail] Yours sincerely

References

• 1. Poole-Wilson PA. History, Definition and Classification of Heart Failure. Heart Failure 1 New York: Churchill Livingstone.1997; p269–277.
• 2. NICE. Chronic Heart Failure. National Clinical Guidelines for Diagnosis and Management in Primary and Secondary Care. The National Collaborating Centre for Chronic Conditions. London: NICE. 2005;(5):1-163.
• 3. Dumic J, Dabelic S, Flögel M. Galectin: an open-ended story. Biochim Biophys Acta.2006;(1760):616-635
• 4. Kim H, Lee J, Hyun JW, Park JW, Joo HG, Shin T. Expression and immunohistochemical localization of galectin 3 in various mouse tissues. Cell Bio Int. 2007;(31):655-62.
• 5. de Boer RA, Voors AA, Muntendam P, van Gilst WH, van Veldhuisen DJ. Galectin-3: a novel mediator of heart failure development and progression. Eur J Heart Fail. 2009;(11):811-81.
• 6. Sharma UC, Pokharel S, van Brakel TJ, et al. Galectin-3 in Patients with Heart Failure Reflects Both Inflammation and Fibrosis: Implıcations for Its Use as a Biomarker. Circ Heart Fail. 2017;(10):e003804.
• 7. Holick MF. Vitamin D deficiency. N Eng J Med. 2007;357(3):266-81.
• 8. Anderson JL, May HT, Horne BD, Bair L Tami, Hall L Nathaniel, Carlquist F John, et al. Relation of vitamin D deficiency to cardiovascular risk factors, disease status and incident events in a general healthcare population. Am J Cardiol 2010;(106):963-8.
• 9. Gullestad L, Ueland T, Vinge LE, Finsen A, Yndestad A, Aukrust P. Inflammatory cytokines in heart failure: mediators and markers. Cardiology. 2012;122(1):23–35.
• 10. Schleithoff SS, Zittermann A, Tenderich G, Berthold HK, Stehle P, Koerfer R. Vitamin D supplementation improves cytokine profiles in patients with congestive heart failure: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Am J Clin Nutr. 2006;83(4):754–9.
• 11. Adapted from Dolgin M, Association NYH, Fox AC, Gorlin R, Levin RI, New York Heart Association. Criteria Committee. Nomenclature and criteria for diagnosis of diseases of the heart and great vessels. 9th ed. Boston, MA: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins; March 1, 1994.
• 12. De Boer RA, Voors AA. Galectin-3: a novel mediator of heart failure development and progression. Eur J Heart Fail. 2009;(11):811–7.
• 13. Ho JE, Liu C. Galectin-3, a marker of cardiac fibrosis, predicts incident heart failure in the community. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2012;(60):1249–56.
• 14. LeBleu V. S, Teng Y, O'Connell J.T., Charytan D., Muller G.A., Muller C.A., et al. Identification of human epididymis protein-4 as a fibroblast-derived mediator of fibrosis. Nat Med. 2013;(19):227-31.
• 15. Schoreten F, Ruifrok WP, Kleijn L, Dokter MM, Silljé HH, Lambers Heerspink HJ, Bakker SJ, Kema IP, van Gilst WH, van Veldhuisen DJ, Hillege HL, de Boer RA. Short term vitamin D3 supplementation lowers plasma renin activity in patientswith stable chronic heart failure: an open-label, blinded end point, randomizedprospective trial (VitD-CHF trial). Am Heart J. 2013 Aug;166(2):357-64.
• 16. Rossel V, Díaz-Toro F, Verdejo H, Concepción R, Sepúlveda L, Castro P, et al. Galectina-3: experiencia en pacientes chilenos con diagnóstico de insuficiencia cardíaca descompensada [Galectin-3 levels in patients hospitalized for decompensated heart failure]. Rev Med Chil. 2017 Jun;145(6):734-740. Spanish. doi: 10.4067/s0034-98872017000600734. PMID: 29171621.
• 17. Schindler EI, Szymanski JJ, Hock KG, Geltman EM, Scott MG. Short- and long-term biologic variability of galectin-3 and other cardiac biomarkers in patients with Stable heart failure and healthy adults. Clin Chem. 2016;(62):360–6. doi: 10.1373/clinchem.2015.246553
• 18. Chen A, Hou W, Zhang Y, Chen Y, He B. Prognostic value of serum galectin-3 in patients with heart failure: A meta-analysis. Int J Cardiol. 2015;(182):168–170. doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2014.12.137.
• 19. Cho-Kai Wu, Mao–Yuan M. Su, Yi-Fan Wu, Whang Juey Ju. Combination of Plasma Biomarkers and Clinical Data for the Detection of Myocardial Fibrosis or Aggravation of Heart Failure Symptoms in Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction Patients. Journal of Clinical Medicine November 2018;(7):427.
• 20. Medvedeva EA, Berezin II, Surkova EA, Yaranov DM, Shchukin YV. Galectin-3 in patients with chronic heart failure: Association with oxidative stress, inflammation, renal dysfunction and prognosis. Minerva Cardioangiol. 2016; (64):595–602.
• 21. Vikrant Rai, Devebdra K. Agrawal Endocrinol Metab Clin N Am (2017);(46):1039-59.
• 22. Michael P. Dorsch, Carrie W. Nemerovski, Vicki L. Ellingrod, Jennifer A Cowger, D. Bradley Dyke, Todd M. Koelling, et al. Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics. 2014;(5):439-45.
• 23. Wallis DE, Penckofer S, Sizemore GW. The ‘’sunshine deficit’’ and kardiovascular disease. Circulation 2008; (118):1476-85.
• 24. Kamycheva E, Sundsfjord J, Jorde R. Serum parathyroid hormone levels predict coronary arter disease: The Tromso Study. Eur J Cardiovasc Prevent Rehabil. 2004;(11):69-74.
• 25. Pilz S, Tomaschitz A, Drechsler C, et al. Prathyroid hormone level is associated with mortality and cardiyovascular events in patients undergoing coroner angiography. Eur Heart J. 2010;(31):1591-8.
• 26. Assalin HB, Rafacto BP, dos Santos PP, et al. Impact of the length of vitamin D deficiency on cardiac remodelling. Circ Heart Fail. 2013;6(4):809-16.